Surface-modified electrode and its use in a bioelectrochemical process
First Claim
1. An electrode having a surface modified with a (pyridinylmethylene)hydrazinecarbothioamide, hereinafter termed "PHMC", or a derivative thereof of formula ##STR9## wherein:
- the pyridine ring shown is substituted in the 2-, 3 or 4-position by the (methylene)hydrazinecarbothioamide group shown;
R1 represents hydrogen atom(s) or one or two methyl or ethyl groups in the 2-,3- or 4-position (when the said position is not substituted by the (methylene)hydrazinecarbothioamide group shown);
R2 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group;
R3 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; and
R4 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
1 Assignment
0 Petitions
Accused Products
Abstract
In a bioelectrochemical process in which the electrons are transferred directly, without use of a mediator, such as a redox dye or cofactor, between an electrode and an electroactive biological material, such as an enzyme or a protein, in either direction, rapid electron transfer has previously been achieved between an electrode and the positively charged protein horse-heart cytochrome c by adding a surface-modifier such as 4,4'"'"'-bipyridyl or a derivative thereof.
It has now been found possible to promote electron transfer to either a positively or a negatively charged protein using the same surface-modifier for either job, namely a compound of formula ##STR1## wherein: the pyridine ring shown is substituted in the 2-, 3- or 4-position by the (methylene)hydrazinecarbothioamide group shown;
R1 represents hydrogen atom(s) or one or two methyl or ethyl groups in the 2-,3- or 4-position (when the said position is not substituted by the (methylene)hydrazinecarbothioamide group shown);
R2 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group;
R3 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; and
R4 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
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Citations
7 Claims
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1. An electrode having a surface modified with a (pyridinylmethylene)hydrazinecarbothioamide, hereinafter termed "PHMC", or a derivative thereof of formula ##STR9## wherein:
- the pyridine ring shown is substituted in the 2-, 3 or 4-position by the (methylene)hydrazinecarbothioamide group shown;
R1 represents hydrogen atom(s) or one or two methyl or ethyl groups in the 2-,3- or 4-position (when the said position is not substituted by the (methylene)hydrazinecarbothioamide group shown); R2 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; R3 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; and R4 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group. - View Dependent Claims (3, 4, 5, 6)
- the pyridine ring shown is substituted in the 2-, 3 or 4-position by the (methylene)hydrazinecarbothioamide group shown;
- 2. An electrode having a surface modified with a PMHC of formula ##STR10## wherein the pyridine ring substituent is in the 2-, 3- or 4-position.
Specification