Current regulating circuit

• US 4,658,199 A
• Filed: 11/14/1984
• Issued: 04/14/1987
• Est. Priority Date: 11/14/1984
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Solid State Chargers Research and Development Limited Partnership
• Original Assignee: Solid State Chargers Research & Development
• Inventors: Hoffman, Philip A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Salce, Patrick R.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Ault, Anita M.
• Application Number:
  US06/671,497
• Time in Patent Office: 881 Days
• Field of Search: 320/21, 320/39, 320/DIG. 2, 320/53
• US Class Current: 320/143
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/007182 in response to battery voltage

Abstract

A current pulse producing, current regulating circuit includes a SCR arranged to pass a current pulse once each positive going half wave input supplied thereto. The SCR is controlled by a control circuit free of current feedback and timing circuitry and responsive to the an unfiltered, rectified A.C. input. The control circuit produces a firing signal, which is applied to the control electrode of the SCR, at a point during the downward swing of each positive going half wave input. The control circuit includes a OR function circuit responsive to the unfiltered rectified input applied to the control circuit and to an output from a circuit also responsive to the unfiltered rectified input; the last mentioned circuit having a hysteresis characteristic. The SCR may be operatively associated with a second SCR and arranged to fire it thereby producing higher amplitude current pulses. Battery charging and forming circuits, as well as off-line power supplies, incorporating the current regulating circuit are disclosed. The input to the control circuit may be either a full wave or a half wave rectified A.C. input. Batteries of different types and having different numbers of cells can be accomodated.

Claims

1. A battery charging or forming circuit comprising means across which a battery to be charged or formed is to be placed;

means for providing an unfiltered, rectified input;

control circuit means responsive solely to the unfiltered, rectified input for developing a control signal during a portion of decreasing swings of the unfiltered, rectified input; and

means responsive to the control signal for passing current pulses to said means across which a battery is to be placed during a portion of the decreasing swings, wherein said control circuit means consists of circuit means responsive solely to the unfiltered, rectified input for providing an output controlling signal whenever the rectified input is above a first given level during upswings thereof and during downswings thereof until a second given level different from the first given level is reached and control means receiving the output controlling signal and responsive to absence of the output controlling signal for developing the control signal only at times when the unfiltered input reaches the second given level during downswings, and wherein said means for providing an unfiltered, rectified input includes a circuit reference point and bus means on which the unfiltered, rectified input appears; and

wherein said control circuit means includes a first transistor having a base, collector and emitter, its collector-emitter path being coupled between the circuit reference point and said bus means;

an OR function circuit including a first resistor, a second transistor and a third transistor having their emitters coupled to the circuit reference point and their collectors connected to said bus means via said first resistor, said base of said first transistor being connected to said collectors of said second transistor and said third transistor;

a fourth transistor and fifth transistor each having a base, a collector and an emitter, said emitters of said fourth transistor and said fifth transistor being coupled to said circuit reference point;

a second resistor, said collector of said fourth transistor being connected to said base of said third transistor, and via said second resistor, to said bus means;

a third resistor and a fourth resistor, said third resistor being connected between said collector of said fourth transistor and said base of fifth transistor and said fourth resistor being connected between said bus means and each of said collector of said fourth transistor and said base of said third transistor;

a fifth resistor and a sixth resistor, said fifth resistor and said sixth resistor being connected in series between said bus means and said collector of said fifth transistor; and

a seventh resistor and a Zener diode connected in series between a circuit point defined by a connection between said fifth resistor and said sixth resistor and said circuit reference point.

2. The battery charging or forming circuit according to claim 1, wherein said means for providing an unfiltered, rectified input comprises a half wave rectifier.

3. The battery charging or forming circuit according to claim 1, wherein said means for providing an unfiltered rectifier input comprises a full wave rectifier.

4. The battery charging or forming circuit according to claim 1, wherein said means responsive to the control signal comprises at least one silicon-controlled-rectifier having its control electrode arranged to receive the control signal.

5. The battery charging or forming circuit according to claim 1, wherein said means responsive to the control signal includes a first silicon-controlled-rectifier having its control electrode arranged to receive the control signal and a second silicon-controlled-rectifier having its control electrode arranged to receive a firing input from said first silicon-controlled-rectifier.

6. The battery charging or forming circuit according to claim 1, further including means responsive to terminal voltage of a battery being charged or formed for developing a further control signal for preventing conduction of said means responsive to the first-mentioned control signal whenever the terminal voltage of the battery is at least substantially equal to a given value.

7. An off-line power suppply comprising smoothing circuit means;

means for producing an unfiltered, rectified input;

control circuit means responsive solely to the unfiltered, rectified input for developing a control signal during a portion of decreasing swings of the unfiltered, rectified input; and

means responsive to the control signal for developing current pulses during a portion of the decreasing swings, said means for developing current pulses including means for coupling the current pulses to said smoothing circuit means, wherein said control circuit means consists of circuit means responsive solely to the unfiltered, rectified input for providing an output controlling signal whenever the input is above a first given level during upswings thereof and during downswings thereof until a second given level different from the first given level is reached and control means receiving the output controlling signal and responsive to absence of the output controlling signal for developing the control signal only at times when the unfiltered input reaches the second given level during downswings, wherein said means for providing an unfiltered, rectified input includes a circuit reference point and bus means on which the unfiltered, rectified input appears; and

wherein said control circuit means includes a first transistor having a base, collector and emitter, its collector-emitter path being coupled between the circuit reference point and said bus means; and

OR function circuit including a first resistor, a second transistor and a third transistor having their emitters coupled to the circuit reference point and their collectors connected to said bus means via said first resistor, said base of said first transistor being connected to said collectors of said second transistor and said third transistor;

a fourth transistor and a fifth transistor each having a base, a collector and an emitter, said emitters of said fourth transistor and said fifth transistor being coupled to said circuit reference point;

a second resistor, said collector of said fourth transistor being connected to said base of said third transistor, and via second resistor, to said bus means;

a third resistor and a fourth resistor, said third resistor being connected between said collector of said fourth transistor and said base of fifth transistor and said fourth resistor being connected between said bus means and each of said collector of said fourth transistor and said base of said third transistor;

a fifth resistor and a sixth resistor, said fifth resistor and said sixth resistor being connected in series between said bus means and said collector of said fifth transistor; and

a seventh resistor and a Zener diode connected in series between a circuit point defined by a connection between said fifth resistor and said sixth resistor and said circuit reference point.

8. The off-line power supply according to claim 7, wherein said means for providing an unfiltered, rectified input comprises a half wave rectifier.

9. The off-line power supply according to claim 7, wherein said means for providing an unfiltered, rectified input comprises a full wave rectifier.

10. The off-line power supply according to claim 7, wherein said means responsive to the control signal comprises at least one silicon-controlled-rectifier having its control electrode arranged to receive the control signal.

11. The off-line power supply according to claim 7, wherein said means responsive to the control signal includes a first silicon-controlled-rectifier having its control electrode arranged to receive the control signal and a second silicon-controlled-rectifier having its control electrode arranged to receive a firing input from said first silicon-controlled-rectifier.

12. An off-line power supply comprising smoothing circuit means;

means for producing an unfiltered, rectified input;

control circuit means responsive solely to the unfiltered, rectified input for developing a control signal during a portion of decreasing swings of the unfiltered, rectified input; and

means responsive to the control signal for developing current pulses during a portion of the decreasing swings, said means for developing current pulses including means for coupling the current pulses to said smoothing circuit means, wherein said control circuit means consists of circuit means responsive solely to the unfiltered, rectified input for providing an output controlling signal whenever the input is above a first given level during upswings thereof and during downswings thereof until a second given level different from the first given level is reached and control means receiving the output controlling signal and responsive to absence of the output controlling signal for developing the control signal only at times when the unfiltered input reaches the second given level during downswings, and further including means responsive to terminal voltage of its output for developing a further control signal for preventing conduction of said means responsive to the first-mentioned control signal whenever the terminal voltage of the output is at least substantially equal to a given value.

13. A current regulating circuit comprising means for providing an unfiltered, rectified input;

control circuit means responsive solely to the unfiltered, rectified input for developing a control signal during a portion of decreasing swings of the unfiltered, rectified input; and

means responsive to the control signal for passing current during a portion of the decreasing swings, wherein said control circuit means consists of circuit means responsive solely to the unfiltered, rectified input for providing an output controlling signal whenever the input is above a first given level during upswings thereof and during downswings thereof until a second given level different from the first given level is reached and control means receiving the output controlling signal and responsive to absence of the output controlling signal for developing the control signal only at times when the unfiltered input reaches the second given level during downswings.

14. A current regulating circuit according to claim 13, wherein said means for providing an unfiltered, rectified input includes a circuit reference point and bus means on which the unfiltered, rectified input appears;

and wherein said control circuit means includes a first transistor having a base, collector and emitter, its collector-emitter path being coupled between the circuit reference point and said bus means;

an OR function circuit including a first resistor, a second transistor and a third transistor having their emitters coupled to the circuit reference point and their collectors connected to said bus means via said first resistor, said base of said first transistor being connected to said collectors of said second transistor and said third transistor;

a fourth transistor and a fifth transistor each having a base, a collector and an emitter, said emitters of said fourth transistor and said fifth transistor being coupled to said circuit reference point;

a second resistor, said collector of said fourth transistor being connected to said base of said third transistor, and via said second resistor, to said bus means;

a third resistor and a fourth resistor, said third resistor being connected between said collector of said fourth transistor and said base of fifth transistor and said fourth resistor being connected between said bus means and each of said collector of said fourth transistor and said base of said third transistor;

a fifth resistor and a sixth resistor, said fifth resistor and said sixth resistor being connected in series between said bus means and said collector of said fifth transistor; and

a seventh resistor and a Zener diode connected in series between a circuit point defind by a connection between said fifth resistor and said sixth resistor and said circuit reference point.

15. The current regulating circuit according to claim 13, wherein said means for providing an unfiltered, rectified input comprises a half wave rectifier.

16. The current regulating circuit according to claim 13, wherein said means for providing an unfiltered rectifier input comprises a full wave rectifier.

17. The current regulating circuit according to claim 13, wherein said means responsive to the control signal comprises at least one silicon-controlled-rectifier having its control electrode arranged to receive the control signal.

18. The current regulating circuit according to claim 13, wherein said means responsive to the control signal includes a first silicon-controlled-rectifier having its control electrode arranged to receive the control signal and a second silicon-controlled-rectifier having its control electrode arranged to receive a firing input from said first silicon-controlled-rectifier.

19. A battery charging or forming circuit comprising means across which a battery to be charged or formed is to be placed;

means for providing an unfiltered, rectified input;

control circuit means responsive to the unfiltered, rectified input for developing a control signal during a portion of decreasing swings of the unfiltered, rectified input; and

means responsive to the control signal for passing current pulses to said means across which a battery is to be placed during a portion of the decreasing swings, wherein said means for providing an unfiltered, rectified input includes a circuit reference point and bus means on which the unfiltered, rectified input appears; and

wherein said control circuit means includes a first transistor having a base, collector and emitter, its collector-emitter path being coupled between the circuit reference point and said bus means;

an OR function circuit including a first resistor, a second transistor and a third transistor having their emitters coupled to the circuit reference point and their collectors connected to said bus means via said first resistor, said base of said first transistor being connected to said collectors of said second transistor and said third transistor;

a fourth transistor and a fifth transistor each having a base, a collector and an emitter, said emitters of said fourth transistor and said fifth transistor being coupled to said circuit reference point;

a second resistor, said collector of said fourth transistor being connected to said base of said third transistor and, via said second resistor, to said bus means;

a third resistor and a fourth resistor, said third resistor being connected between said collector of said fourth transistor and said base of fifth transistor and said fourth resistor being connected between said bus means and each of said collector of said fourth transistor and said base of said third transistor;

a fifth resistor and a sixth resistor, said fifth resistor and said sixth resistor being connected in series between said bus means and said collector of said fifth transistor; and

a seventh resistor and a Zener diode connected in series between a circuit point definded by a connection between said fifth resistor and said sixth resistor and said circuit reference point.

20. An off-line power supply comprising smoothing circuit means;

means for producing an unfiltered, rectified input;

control circuit means responsive to the unfiltered, rectified input for developing a control signal during a portion of decreasing swings of the unfiltered, rectified input; and

means responsive to the control signal for developing current pulses during a portion of the decreasing swings, said means for developing current pulses including means for coupling the current pulses to said smoothing circuit means, wherein said means for providing an unfiltered, rectified input includes a circuit reference point and bus means on which the unfiltered, rectified input appears; and

wherein said control circuit means includes a first transistor having a base, collector and emitter, its collector-emitter path being coupled between the circuit reference point and said bus means;

an OR function circuit including a first resistor, a second transistor and a third transistor having their emitters coupled to the circuit reference point and their collectors connected to said bus means via said first resistor, said base of said first transistor being connected to said collectors of said second transistor and said third transistor;

a fourth transistor and a fifth transistor each having a base, a collector and an emitter, said emitters of said fourth transistor and said fifth transistor being coupled to said circuit reference point;

a second resistor, said collector of said fourth transistor being connected to said base of said third transistor and, via said second resistor, to said bus means;

a third resistor and a fourth resistor, said third resistor being connected between said collector of said fourth transistor and said base of fifth transistor and said fourth resistor being connected between said bus means and each of said collector of said fourth transistor and said base of said third transistor;

a fifth resistor and a sixth resistor, said fifth resistor and said sixth resistor being connected in series between said bus means and said collector of said fifth transistor; and

a seventh resistor and a Zener diode connected in series between a circuit point defined by a connection between said fifth resistor and said sixth resistor and said circuit reference point.

21. A current regulating circuit comprising means for providing an unfiltered, rectified input;

control circuit means responsive to the unfiltered, rectified input for developing a control signal during decreasing swings of the unfiltered, rectified input;

means responsive to the control signal for passing current during a portion of the decreasing swings, wherein said control circuit means comprises circuit means responsive to the unfiltered, rectified input for providing an output controlling signal whenever the input is above a first given level during upswings thereof and during downswings thereof until a second given level different from the first given level is reached, and a control means responsive to absence of the output controlling signal for developing the control signal at times when the unfiltered input reaches the second given level during downswings, wherein said means for providing an unfiltered, rectified input includes a circuit reference point and bus means on which the unfiltered, rectified input appears; and

wherein said control circuit means includes a first transistor having a base, collector and emitter, its collector-emitter path being coupled between the circuit reference point and said bus means; and

OR function circuit including a first resistor, a second transistor and a third transistor having their emitters coupled to the circuit reference point and their collectors connected to said bus means via said first resistor, said base of said first transistor being connected to said collectors of said second transistor and said third transistor;

a fourth transistor and a fifth transistor each having a base, a collector and an emitter, said emitters of said fourth transistor and said fifth transistor being coupled to said circuit reference point;

a second resistor, said collector of said fourth transistor being connected to said base of said third transistor and, via said second resistor, to said bus means;

a third resistor and a fourth resistor, said third resistor being connected between said collector of said fourth transistor and said base of fifth transistor and said fourth resistor being connected between said bus means and eahh of said collector of said fourth transistor and said base of said third transistor;

a fifth resistor and a sixth resistor, said fifth resistor and said sixth resistor being connected in series between said bus means and said collector of said fifth transistor; and

a seventh resistor and a Zener diode connected in series betweeen a circuit point defined by a connection between said fifth resistor and said sixth resistor and said circuit reference point.

22. A current regulating circuit comprising means for providing an unfiltered, rectified input;

control circuit means responsive to the unfiltered, rectified input for developing a control signal during decreasing swings of the unfiltered, rectified input; and

means responsive to the control signal for passing current during a portion of the decreasing swings, wherein said means for providing an unfiltered, rectified input includes a circuit reference point and bus means on which the unfiltered, rectified input appears; and

wherein said control circuit means includes a first transistor having a base, collector and emitter, its collector-emitter path being coupled between the circuit reference point and said bus means;

an OR function circuit including a first resistor, a second transistor and a third transistor having their emitters coupled to the circuit reference point and their collectors connected to said bus means via said first resistor, said base of said first transistor being connected to said collectors of said second transistor and said third transistor;

a fourth transistor and a fifth transistor each having a base, a collector and an emitter, said emitters of said fourth transistor and said fifth transistor being coupled to said circuit reference point;

a second resistor, said collector of said fourth transistor being connected to said base of said third transistor, and via said second resistor, to said bus means;

a third resistor and a fourth resistor, said third resistor being connected between said collector of said fourth transistor and said base of fifth transistor and said fourth resistor being connected between said bus means and each of said collector of said fourth transistor and said base of said third transistor;

a fifth resistor and a sixth resistor, said fifth resistor and said sixth resistor being connected in series between said bus means and said collector of said fifth transistor; and

a seventh resistor and a Zener diode connected in series between a circuit point defined by a connection between said fifth resistor and said sixth resistor and said circuit reference point.