Arrangement for determining the spectral characteristic of the refractive index of a fluid

• US 4,660,974 A
• Filed: 04/11/1985
• Issued: 04/28/1987
• Est. Priority Date: 04/14/1984
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Carl-Zeiss-Stiftung
• Original Assignee: Carl-Zeiss-Stiftung
• Inventors: Sachse, Richard, Schlemmer, Harry, Machler, Meinrad
• Primary Examiner(s): LaRoche, Eugene R.
• Assistant Examiner(s): NOT, DEFINED
• Application Number:
  US06/722,111
• Time in Patent Office: 747 Days
• Field of Search: 356/128, 356/317, 356/318, 356/326, 356/328, 356/357, 356/361
• US Class Current: 356/128
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 3/2803 using photoelectric array detector
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/45 using interferometric methods; using Schlieren methods
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2201/08 Optical fibres; light guides
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 30/74 Optical detectors measurement of intensity, velocity, spectral content, polarisation, or phase of infrared, visible or ultraviolet light G01J

Abstract

The invention is directed to an arrangement for determining the spectral characteristic of the refractive index of a liquid or a gas wherein the specimen is enclosed between two boundary surfaces spaced apart between 1 and 50 μm. The surfaces are at least approximately parallel to each other. The boundary surfaces cause interferences when illuminated with white light passing through the surfaces. The interferences are measured by a spectrometer in their wavelength-dependent course and are thereafter evaluated.

Claims

1. An arrangement for determining the spectral characteristic of the refractive index of a fluid comprising:

a boundary part having a first surface which is at least partially reflective;

a light transmitting window having a second surface substantially parallel to said first surface and being mounted at a spacing of 1 to 50 μ

m in front of said boundary part for accommodating the fluid therebetween;

illuminating means for illuminating the fluid with white light;

said first and second surfaces defining respective boundary surfaces to said fluid for causing a plurality of interfering component beams of light; and

,

measuring means for measuring the wavelength-dependent intensity characteristic of said interfering componsent beams of light.

2. The arrangement of claim 1, said measuring means being a diode-array spectrometer for providing output signals and said arrangement further comprising:

an electronic unit for preprocessing the output signals of said spectrometer; and

, an evaluation computer connected to said electronic unit.

3. The arrangement of claim 1, said illuminating means comprising:

light conducting means for conducting light into said fluid in a predetermined direction, said first surface of said boundary part reflecting said light in said predetermined direction; and

, further light conducting means for conducting said reflected light to said measuring means.

4. The arrangement of claim 3, comprising temperature regulating means for regulating the temperature of said boundary part.

5. The arrangement of claim 3, said first-mentioned light conducting means and said further light conducting means both consisting of light conductors.

6. The arrangement of claim 3, said illuminating means comprising an illuminating device for generating said white light;

said first-mentioned light conducting means and said further light conducting means being a branched light conductor having a first branch communicating with said illuminating device and a second branch communicating with said measuring means, said branched light conductor having a common branch end mounted in front of said light transmitting window.

7. The arrangement of claim 6, wherein the fluid is intensely absorbent in a predetermined wavelength range, the arrangement further comprising filter means disposed between said illuminating device and said light transmitting window, said filter means being dimensioned so as to have a low transmittance in said predetermined wavelength range so that said measuring means delivers no measured value output in said predetermined wavelength range.

8. The arrangement of claim 6, wherein the fluid is partially absorbent in a predetermined wavelength range, and the arrangement further comprising a double monochromator having oppositely directed dispersion, said double monochromator being disposed between said illuminating device and said light transmitting window and including adjustable central slit means for passing only said predetermined wavelength range so that said measuring means delivers a measured value output in said predetermined wavelength range.

9. The arrangement of claim 8, said double monochromator including electric control means for adjusting said central slit means, said electric control means being connected to said computer.

10. An arrangement for determining the spectral characteristic of the refractive index of a fluid comprising:

a cuvette for accommodating the fluid, said cuvette including;

a first light transmitting window having a first surface;

a second light transmitting window mounted adjacent said first light transmitting window and having a second surface substantially parallel to said first surface; and

,

spacing means for spacing said first surface from said second surface a distance of 1 to 50 μ

m to define a chamber between said first and second surfaces for accommodating the fluid therein;

illuminating means for illuminating the fluid with white light;

said first and second surfaces defining respective boundary surfaces to said fluid for causing a plurality of interfering component beams of light; and

,

measuring means for measuring the wavelength-dependent intensity characteristic of said interfering component beams of light.

11. The arrangement of claim 10, said measuring means being a diode-array spectrometer for providing output signals and said arrangement further comprising:

an electronic unit for preprocessing the output signals of said spectrometer; and

, an evaluation computer connected to said electronic unit.

12. The arrangement of claim 10, said illuminating means comprising:

light conducting means for conducting light into said fluid in a predetermined direction;

reflecting means for reflective said light in said predetermined direction; and

, further light conducting means for conducting said reflected light to said measuring means.

13. The arrangement of claim 12, said first-mentioned light conducting means and said further light conducting means consisting of light conductors.

14. The arrangement of claim 12, said illuminating means comprising an illuminating device for generating said white light;

said first-mentioned light conducting means and said further light conducting means being a branched light conductor having a first branch communicating with said illuminating device and a second branch communicating with said measuring means, said branched light conductor having a common branch end mounted in front of said second light transmitting window.

15. The arrangement of claim 10, wherein the fluid is intensely absorbent in a predetermined wavelength range, the arrangement further comprising filter means disposed between said illuminating device and said second light transmitting window, said filter means being dimensioned so as to have a low transmittance in said predetermined wavelength range so that said measuring means delivers no measured value output in said predetermined wavelength range.

16. The arrangement of claim 14, wherein the fluid is partially absorbent in a predetermined wavelength range, and the arrangement further comprising a double monochromator having oppositely directed dispersion, said double monochromator being disposed between said illuminating device and said second light transmitting window and including adjustable central slit means for passing only said predetermined wavelength range so that said measuring means delivers a measured value output in said predetermined wavelength range.

17. The arrangement of claim 16, said double monochromator including electric control means for adjusting said central slit means, said electric control means being connected to said computer.