Tablet type coordinate input apparatus using elastic wave

• US 4,665,282 A
• Filed: 07/24/1985
• Issued: 05/12/1987
• Est. Priority Date: 07/25/1984
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Hitachi, Ltd.
• Original Assignee: Hitachi, Ltd.
• Inventors: Inose, Shigeru, Sasaki, Soji, Suto, Mareo, Tanabe, Masanori, Okada, Hisao, Yoneyama, Takao, Kawakami, Kanji, Sato, Ichiya, Uzuhashi, Hideo
• Primary Examiner(s): SCHREYER, STAFFORD
• Application Number:
  US06/758,463
• Time in Patent Office: 657 Days
• Field of Search: 178/18, 178/19, 178/20, 382/3, 382/2, 382/1, 382/13, 310/322, 310/325, 310/366, 340/706
• US Class Current: 345/176
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0433 in which the acoustic waves are either generated by a movable member and propagated within a surface layer or propagated within a surface layer and captured by a movable member

Abstract

A tablet type coordinate input apparatus comprises a flat medium for propagating a longitudinal elastic wave, longitudinal elastic wave detecting elements disposed on part of the end-adjacent side surfaces or of the front surface of the flat medium, a longitudinal elastic wave input member having an end portion terminating in a sharp-pointed end and brought into pressure engagement at that end with any desired position on the surface of the flat medium to radiate the longitudinal elastic wave from that end, an amplifier circuit amplifying electrical signals indicative of the elastic wave detected by the detecting elements, a comparator circuit comparing the signals amplified by the amplifier circuit with a predetermined threshold voltage thereby generating delay pulse signals corresponding to the propagation times of the longitudinal elastic wave, a counter circuit counting the lengths of time elapsed from the time of radiation of the longitudinal elastic wave toward the flat medium as a result of pressure engagement of the input member therewith to the time of generation of the delay pulse signals, and a computing circuit computing the coordinates on the basis of the time signals applied from the counter circuit.

Claims

1. A tablet type coordinate input apparatus using an elastic wave, comprising:

medium means for propagating an elastic wave;

elastic wave detecting means disposed on at least part of said medium means;

elastic wave input means including elastic wave generating means for generating an elastic wave and for radiating the generating the generated elastic wave toward any desired position on the surface of said medium means; and

means for receiving electrical signals indicative of a longitudinal elastic wave component of said radiated elastic wave detected by said detecting means, thereby providing coordinate information of the input position of said input means.

2. A tablet type coordinate input apparatus, comprising:

flat medium means for propagating an elastic wave;

detecting means disposed on part of one of the end-adjacent surfaces and the front surface of said medium means for detecting a leading wave of a longitudinal elastic wave component of said elastic wave;

elastic wave input means including elastic wave generating means for generating an elastic wave, said elastic wave input means having an end portion terminating in a sharp-pointed end and brought into pressure engagement at said end with any desired position on the front surface of said medium means to radiate the generated elastic wave from said end; and

means for receiving electrical signals indicative of the leading wave of the longitudinal elastic wave detected by said detecting means as a result of radiation of said elastic wave, thereby providing information of the identified engaging position of said input means.

3. A tablet type coordinate input apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein said detecting means are disposed at the corners of the side surfaces of said flat medium means, and said end portion of said elastic wave input means is made of a material having an acoustic impedance substantially equal to that of the material forming said flat medium means.

4. A tablet type coordinate input apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein said elastic wave input means is in the form of a wave-guide rod of axial symmetry, one end of which is sharp-pointed to be freely brought into pressure engagement with any desired position on the surface of said flat medium means, while the other end of which has a planar surface perpendicular to the symmetrical axis of said wave-guide rod to support a transmitting piezoelectric element thereon, and said detecting means disposed on part of one of the end-adjacent side surfaces and the front surface of said flat medium means include receiving piezoelectric elements.

5. A tablet type coordinate input apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein said elastic wave input means is in the form of a wave-guide rod of axial symmetry, one end of which is sharp-pointed to be freely brought into pressure engagement with any desired position on the surface of said flat medium means, while the other end of which has a planar surface perpendicular to the symmetrical axis of said wave-guide rod to support a transmitting piezoelectric element thereon, and said detecting means disposed on part of one of the end-adjacent side surfaces and the front surface of said flat medium means include receiving piezoelectric elements.

6. A tablet type coordinate input apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein said means for receiving the electrical signals includes an amplifier circuit amplifying said electrical signals, a comparator circuit comparing said signals amplified by said amplifier circuit with a predetermined threshold voltage thereby generating delay pulse signals corresponding respectively to the propagation times of said longitudinal elastic wave, a counter circuit counting the lengths of time elasped from the time of radiation of said longitudinal elastic wave toward said flat medium means as a result of pressure engagement of said input means therewith to the time of generation of said delay pulse signals, and a computing circuit computing the coordinates on the basis of the time signals applied from said counter circuit.

7. A tablet type coordinate input apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein said means for receiving the electrical signals includes an amplifier circuit amplifying said electrical signals, a comparator circuit comparing said signals amplified by said amplifier circuit with a predetermined threshold voltage thereby generating delay pulse signals corresponding respectively to the propagation times of said longitudinal elastic wave, a counter circuit counting the lengths of time elasped from the time of radiation of said longitudinal elastic wave toward said flat medium means as a result of pressure engagement of said input means therewith to the time of generation of said delay pulse signals, and a computing circuit computing the coordinates on the basis of the time signals applied from said counter circuit.

8. A tablet type coordinate input apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein said receiving piezoelectric elements are fixed at their surface perpendicular to the direction of polarization to the side surfaces of said planar medium means, while said transmitting piezoelectric element is fixed at its surface perpendicular to the direction of polarization to said planar surface of said waveguide rod, and the resonance frequency of said transmitting element in the direction perpendicular to the direction of polarization is selected to be substantially equal to that of said receiving piezoelectric elements in one of the direction of polarization and the direction perpendicular to the direction of polarization.

9. A tablet type coordinate input apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein said receiving piezoelectric elements are fixed at their surface perpendicular to the direction of polarization to the side surfaces of said planar medium means, while said transmitting piezoelectric element is fixed at its surface perpendicular to the direction of polarization to said planar surface of said waveguide rod, and the resonance frequency of said transmitting element in the direction perpendicular to the direction of polarization is selected to be substantially equal to that of said receiving piezoelectric elements in one of the direction of polarization and the direction perpendicular to the direction of polarization.

10. A tablet type coordinate input apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein said receiving piezoelectric elements are fixed at their surface perpendicular to the direction of polarization to the front surface of said flat medium means, while said transmitting piezoelectric element is fixed at its surface perpendicular to the direction of polarization to said planar surface of said wave-guide rod, and the resonance frequency of said transmitting piezoelectric element in the direction perpendicular to the direction of polarization is selected to be equal to that of said receiving piezoelectric elements in the direction perpendicular to the direction of polarization.

11. A tablet type coordinate input apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein said receiving piezoelectric elements are fixed at their surface perpendicular to the direction of polarization to the front surface of said flat medium means, while said transmitting piezoelectric element is fixed at its surface perpendicular to the direction of polarization to said planar surface of said wave-guide rod, and the resonance frequency of said transmitting piezoelectric element in the direction perpendicular to the direction of polarization is selected to be equal to that of said receiving piezoelectric elements in the direction perpendicular to the direction of polarization.

12. A tablet type coordinate input apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein said transmitting piezoelectric element and said receiving piezoelectric elements have different resonance frequencies in the direction of polarization and the direction perpendicular to the direction of polarization respectively.

13. A tablet type coordinate input apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein said transmitting piezoelectric element and said receiving piezoelectric elements have different resonance frequencies in the direction of polarization and the direction perpendicular to the direction of polarization respectively.

14. A tablet type coordinate input apparatus as claimed in claim 8, wherein said transmitting piezoelectric element and said receiving piezoelectric elements have different resonance frequencies in the direction of polarization and the direction perpendicular to the direction of polarization respectively.

15. A tablet type coordinate input apparatus as claimed in claim 9, wherein said transmitting piezoelectric element and said receiving piezoelectric elements have different resonance frequencies in the direction of polarization and the direction perpendicular to the direction of polarization respectively.

16. A tablet type coordinate input apparatus as claimed in claim 10, wherein said transmitting piezoelectric element and said receiving piezoelectric elements have different resonance frequencies in the direction of polarization and the direction perpendicular to the direction of polarization respectively.

17. A tablet type coordinate input apparatus as claimed in claim 11, wherein said transmitting piezoelectric element and said receiving piezoelectric elements have different resonance frequencies in the direction of polarization and the direction perpendicular to the direction of polarization respectively.

18. A tablet type coordinate input apparatus comprising input means having a built-in ultrasonic wave transmitting element generating an ultrasonic wave by being excited by an electrical signal and having a sharp-pointed end for radiating the ultrasonic wave, writable means for propagating the ultrasonic wave radiated from said input means, detecting means inlcuding wave receiving elements disposed at or adjacent to the corners of said writable means for converting the propagating ultrasonic wave into electrical signals, and signal processing means for identifying the position of said input means by processing the output signals of said detecting means, said writable means being composed of at least two laminar media including a laminar propagation medium propagating the ultrasonic wave and an overlying laminar input medium having a longitudinal wave propagation velocity lower than that of said laminar propagation medium, said wave receiving elements being mounted to said laminar propagation medium.

19. A tablet type coordinate input apparatus as claimed in claim 18, wherein an intermediate laminar medium is interposed between said laminar propagation medium and said laminar input medium constituting said writable means and has a longitudinal wave propagation velocity intermediate between that of said laminar propagation medium and that of said laminar input medium.

20. A tablet type coordinate input apparatus comprising input means having a built-in ultrasonic wave transmitting element generating an ultrasonic wave by being excited by an electrical signal and having a sharp-pointed end for radiating the ultrasonic wave, writable means for propagating the ultrasonic wave radiated from said input means, detecting means including wave receiving elements disposed at or adjacent to the corners of said writable means for converting the propagating ultrasonic wave into electrical signals, signal processing means for identifying the position of said input means by processing the output signals of said detecting means, and display means for displaying the identified position, said input means being provided at its sharp-pointed end with a contact-purpose small piece formed of a medium whose longitudinal wave propagation velocity is lower than that of said writable means.