Smoke detecting apparatus

• US 4,665,311 A
• Filed: 08/13/1984
• Issued: 05/12/1987
• Est. Priority Date: 08/12/1983
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Vision Systems Ltd. (Danaher Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Martin T. Cole
• Inventors: Cole, Martin T.
• Primary Examiner(s): Westin, Edward P.
• Application Number:
  US06/640,344
• Time in Patent Office: 1,002 Days
• Field of Search: 250/214 C, 250/214 A, 250/214 AG, 250/238, 250/206, 250/214 R, 250/573-574, 307/310, 307/311, 328/2, 328/3, 330/59, 330/308
• US Class Current: 250/214.00C
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 17/107 for detecting light-scattering due to smoke
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 17/113 Constructional details
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 29/185 Signal analysis techniques for reducing or preventing false alarms or for enhancing the reliability of the system
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 29/24 Self-calibration, e.g. compensating for environmental drift or ageing of components

Abstract

A light sensing apparatus comprising a solid-state photocell responsive to low levels of light connected to an impedance matching buffer stage, a gain controlled amplifier stage and an output amplifier stage; a gain control network controlled by a temperature sensor for receiving an amplified signal from said output stage, the gain being adjustable to compensate for temperature dependance of the photocell signal.

Claims

1. Smoke detecting apparatus comprising:

light sensing, solid state photocell means for producing signals in response to light;

impedance matching buffer stage amplifier means responsive to said signals for producing an amplified signal at an impedance level adapted for further processing;

gain controlled amplifier stage means responsive to said amplified signal and to a gain controlling signal for producing a gain controlled signal;

output amplifier stage means responsive to said gain controlled signal for producing an output signal;

temperature sensor means for producing a temperature signal indicative of ambient temperature;

gain control network means responsive to said temperature signal and to said output signal for producing said gain controlling signal;

said gain control network means being adjustable to compensate for temperature dependence of the said signals produced by said light sensing solid state photocell means; and

means to deliver said gain controlling signal to said gain controlled amplifier stage means.

2. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the solid-state photocell means comprises a PIN photodiode cell adapted for operation at a zero bias photovoltaic mode to achieve extremely high sensitivity at maximum signal to noise ratio.

3. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the temperature sensor means and the solid state photocell means are maintained in an equivalent thermal environment.

4. Apparatus according to claim 3 wherein said temperature sensor means and said solid state, photocell means are in thermal contract with one another.

5. Apparatus according to claim 2, 3, or 4 wherein said temperature sensor means and said gain control network means produce a first non-linear output and said solid state photocell means produces a second non-linear output, the non-linearity of said first output being in inverse proportion to the non-linearity of said second output, whereby temperature dependence of said solid state photocell means is substantially eliminated.

6. Apparatus according to claim 1 including power supply filter means for supplying biasing power to said impedance matching buffer stage means, said gain controlled amplifier stage means, and said output amplifier stage means, while at the same time at least restricting the injection of noise thereinto.

7. Apparatus according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 4 including means forming a chamber having means for admitting sample air from a remote location, said photocell being positioned in said chamber, light absorbent means accommodated in said chamber and spaced from said photocell, and a light source for emitting light into said chamber between said photocell and said light absorbent means.

8. Apparatus according to claim 7 including means for exhausting air from said chamber, said light source being positioned to emit light into said chamber between said air admitting means and said air exhausting means.

9. Apparatus according to claim 8 wherein said chamber is airtight except for said air admitting means and said air exhausting means.