Computer automated manufacturing process and system

• US 4,665,492 A
• Filed: 07/02/1984
• Issued: 05/12/1987
• Est. Priority Date: 07/02/1984
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Kristina King
• Original Assignee: William E. Masters
• Inventors: Masters, William E.
• Primary Examiner(s): RUGGIERO, JOSEPH F
• Application Number:
  US06/627,221
• Time in Patent Office: 1,044 Days
• Field of Search: 364/468, 364/191-193, 364/474, 364/475, 264/40.1, 264/22, 264/24, 425/174, 425/174.8 R, 425/174.8 E, 425/145, 29/900
• US Class Current: 700/119
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 41/36 Feeding the material on to the mould, core or other substrate
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 19/41 characterised by interpolation, e.g. the computation of intermediate points between programmed end points to define the path to be followed and the rate of travel along that path G05B19/25, G05B19/31, G05B19/37, G05B19/39, G05B19/40 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 2219/49008 Making 3-D object with model in computer memory
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 2219/49031 Project particles, laser beam to point using two, more jets, beams, ballistic particle
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 90/02 Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]

Abstract

A computer automated manufacturing process and system (CAMPS) is disclosed which includes a computer system (12) which consists of a computer aided design computer (14) and a machine controller (16) which receives a file of coordinate information (18). An article (10) is designed by means of the computer aided design subsystem (14) and a data file of three-dimensional coordinate information is compiled. The coordinate information is input to the machine controller (16) which controls servos (20) and (22) in a polar coordinate system. The servos (20) and (22) further control the position of a working head (24) and working head (26) so that mass particles are injected to arrive at predetermined coordinate points in the coordinate system to form an article (34). An origination seed (32) is fixed at an origin of the coordinate system and the article (34) is built up around the origination seed (32). Other coordinate systems and apparatus for locating the mass particles at the coordinates of a three-dimensional article are disclosed so that the article may be built up in a number of coordinate systems, and controlled environments.

Claims

1. A method for the three-dimensional reproduction of an article from a data file generated in response to creation of said three-dimensional design of the article on a computer machine, said method comprising:

providing a data file of coordinate information representing a three-dimensional design of said article in a three-dimensional coordinate system;

providing a servo-mechanism having at least one movable working head;

providing a computer programmed controller for controlling said servo-mechanism and the movement and position of said working head;

transferring coordinate information from said data file to said programmed controller for controlling said working head in response to said coordinate information;

providing a controlled environment;

supporting an origination seed in said controlled environment to provide a point of origin in said coordinate system about which said article is constructed;

providing a source of mass particles;

emitting a directional energy beam from said working head for directing movement of said mass particles in said coordinate system;

controlling said servo-mechanism to position said working head in response to said coordinate information for directing said mass particles to said three-dimensional coordinates of said design in said coordinate system; and

joining said mass particles with one another at said coordinates beginning with said origination seed to physically construct said article in three-dimensions about said origination seed.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein said particles are included in said energy beam for direction to said coordinates.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein said particles are attracted by said energy beam to direct said particles toward said coordinates.

4. The method of claim 1 including:

providing two or more of said working heads each of which emits an energy beam;

intersecting said beams at said coordinate in said three-dimensional coordinate system to locate said particles at said coordinate; and

locating and joining said particles at said coordinates of intersections by forces created by said intersecting beam at said intersecting coordinates.

5. The method of claim 1 wherein said mass particles are a ceramic material and said controlled environment is a closed environment heated or cooled to a desired temperature.

6. The method of claim 1 wherein said mass particles include a plastic material and said controlled environment includes an ionized atmosphere.

7. The method of claim 1 wherein said mass particles includes a slury material with a high water content and said controlled environment includes a closed environment cooled to a sub-zero environment.

8. The method of claim 1 including maintaining a uniform distance between said working head and said coordinates when said particles are directed to respective coordinates so that said particles impact each other at said coordinate with uniform force to reduce distortion of said three-dimensional design shape.

9. A method for designing an article in two dimensions and then reproducing the article design in three dimensions comprising:

generating a data file of three-dimensional coordinates on a computer machine representing the three-dimensional design of said article in a coordinate system;

providing a controlled environment;

providing an origination seed in said controlled environment which serves as a point of origin in said coordinate system;

providing a source of mass particles;

directing said particles to said three-dimensional coordinates of said article in said coordinate system;

positioning said particles at said coordinates; and

joining said particles to one another at said coordinates to build up said article in three dimension about said origination seed.

10. The method of claim 9 including pushing said mass particles towards said coordinates in said coordinate system for directing said particles to said coordinates.

11. The method of claim 9 including pulling said mass particles to said coordinates and positioning said particles at said coordiantes.

12. The method of claim 9 including controlling the impact force of said mass particles so that said particles impinge upon each other at said coordinates with a uniform force for controlled adherence with one another and low design distortion.

13. The method of claim 9 including utilizing electromagnetic force to direct said mass particles towards said coordinates.

14. The method of claim 9 including utilizing magnetic force to direct said mass particles towards said coordinates.

15. The method of claim 9 including providing a controlled charge energy beam to direct said mass particles towards said coordinates in said coordinate system.

16. The method of claim 9 including:

intersecting a pair of energy beams at points of intersection corresponding to said three-dimensional coordinates; and

utilizing forces produced by said intersecting beams at said points of intersection to locate and join said particles at said coordinates.

17. Apparatus for reproducing a physical three-dimensional article from a data file generated on a computer machine on which said article was designed comprising:

a data file of three-dimensional coordinate information which corresponds to the design of said article in a three-dimensional coordinate system and space;

a controlled environment;

a physical origination seed which serves as a point of origin of said three-dimensional coordinate system;

means for locating said seed point in said controlled environment at the origin of said coordinate system;

a source of mass particles;

directional means for directing said mass particles to said coordinates in said coordinate system within said controlled environment;

control means for controlling said directional means in response to said coordinate information in said data file; and

means for joining said mass particles together at said coordinates to physically construct said article in three-dimensions about said origination seed.

18. The apparatus of claim 17 wherein said directional means includes an ejection head for emitting and directing droplets of said mass particles to said coordinates in said coordinate system within said controlled environment.

19. The apparatus of claim 17 wherein said directional means includes a pair of working heads each of which emits a controlled energy beam, and

working heads being disposed relative to said coordinate system such that said energy beams intersect each other at intersection points corresponding to said coordinates to locate said mass particles at said coordinates.

20. The apparatus of claim 17 including:

said directional means including at least one working head for emitting a controlled energy beam which directs said mass particles to said coordinates;

servo means for moving said working head; and

programmed controller means for controlling said servo means in response to said coordinate information in said data file to move and position said working gun for directing said mass of particles to said three-dimensional coordinates.

22. The apparatus of claim 17 including:

a polar coordinate system;

said directional means for directing said mass particles including a first directional ejection head emitting a directional beam in a polar plane of said polar coordinate system;

a second directional ejection head carried spaced from said polar plane for directing an energy beam toward said polar plane; and

servo means for controlling movement of said first and second ejection heads.

23. The apparatus of claim 17 wherein said directional means includes;

an arcuate support;

means for rotating said arcuate support in 360 degrees of freedom; and

an ejection head carried by said arcuate support movable in 180 degrees of freedom for emitting said energy beam.

24. The apparatus of claim 17 including a closed chamber;

directional means carried in said closed chamber for emitting a plurality of directional energy beams;

said source of mass particles being contained within said chamber;

said origination seed being disposed within said chamber; and

means for controlling said directional beams to intersect at desired intersection points to correspond to said coordinates to attract said particles at said intersection points and join said particles together at said coordinates.

21. The apparatus of 20 including means for controlling said servo means for moving said working heads toward and away from said coordinates in order to maintain a uniform distance between said working head and a target coordinate so that particles impinge upon each other at said coordinates with uniform force for low design shape distortion.

25. A method for the three-dimensional reproduction of an article from a data file generated in response to creation of a three-dimensional design on a computer machine, said method comprising:

providing a data file of coordinate information representing a three-dimensional design of said article in a three-dimensional coordinate system;

providing a working head which emits an energy beam for directing mass particles to the respective coordinates of said three-dimensional design in said coordinate system;

providing a controlled environment;

locating an origination seed in said control environment to provide a point of origin in said coordinate system about which said article is constructed;

moving said working head in response to said data file of three-dimensional coordinates to emit said energy beam to direct and locate said particles at said coordinates; and

joining said mass particles located at said coordinates of said three-dimensional coordinate system beginning with said origination seed to physically reconstruct said article in three-dimensions about said origination seed.

26. The method of claim 25 wherein said energy beam includes said mass particles which are directed to said coordinates.

27. The method of claim 25 including:

providing a plurality of working heads;

moving said working heads so that the energy beams emitted thereby intersect one another at said respective coordinates of said coordinate system;

providing said mass particles in said control environment; and

locating said mass particles at the points of intersection of said energy beams to locate said mass particles at said coordinates.

28. The method of claim 25 including moving said working heads to maintain a uniform distance between said working heads and said coordiates toward which mass particles are directed so that distortion of said three-dimensional shape is thereby reduced.