Liquid crystal device and driving method therefor

• US 4,681,404 A
• Filed: 09/24/1985
• Issued: 07/21/1987
• Est. Priority Date: 10/04/1984
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Canon Kabushiki Kaisha (Canon Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Canon Kabushiki Kaisha (Canon Inc.)
• Inventors: Okada, Shinjiro, Kanbe, Junichiro
• Primary Examiner(s): Corbin, John K.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Lerner, Martin
• Application Number:
  US06/779,651
• Time in Patent Office: 665 Days
• Field of Search: 350/350 S, 350/342, 340/784, 427/166
• US Class Current: 349/37
• CPC Class Codes: C09K 19/0225 Ferroelectric
• CPC Class Codes: C09K 19/2021 Compounds containing at least one asymmetric carbon atom
• CPC Class Codes: C09K 19/26 Azoxy compounds
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 2310/06 Details of flat display driving waveforms
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 3/3629 using liquid crystals having memory effects, e.g. ferroelectric liquid crystals
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 3/3651 using multistable liquid crystals, e.g. ferroelectric liquid crystals
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 359/90 Methods

Abstract

A liquid crystal device for time-division driving comprising a plurality of picture elements arranged in a plurality of rows. Each picture element is composed of opposite electrodes, a layer of a ferroelectric liquid crystal having a volume resistivity of 1×10⁹ Ω.cm or larger, disposed between the opposite electrodes and placed under bistability condition, and an insulating layer disposed on at least one of the opposite electrodes. The liquid crystal device is adapted to driving according to a time-division driving scheme wherein a writing signal is applied row by row and cyclically to the picture elements, and a particular row of picture elements to which the writing signal has been applied in a writing cycle retain their written states until a writing signal is applied to the particular row in a subsequent writing cycle.

Claims

1. A liquid crystal device comprising a plurality of picture elements arranged in a plurality of rows;

each picture element comprising a pair of oppositely spaced electrodes and a ferroelectric liquid crystal disposed between the electrodes and showing a first stable state and a second stable state depending on an electric field applied;

said liquid crystal device being driven by sequentially orienting the ferroelectric liquid crystal at selected picture elements on a selected row to the first or second stable state to write in the picture elements row by row;

said ferroelectric liquid crystal having a volume resistivity of 1×

10⁹ Ω

.cm or larger.

2. A liquid crystal device according to claim 1, wherein said ferroelectric liquid crystal has volume resistivity of 1×

10¹⁰ Ω

.cm to 1×

10¹³ Ω

.cm.

3. A liquid crystal device according to claim 1, wherein said ferroelectric liquid crystal has a volume resistivity of 1×

10¹¹ Ω

.cm to 1×

10¹³ Ω

.cm.

4. A liquid crystal device according to claim 1, wherein said ferroelectric liquid crystal has a volume resistivity of 1×

10¹² Ω

.cm to 1×

10¹³ Ω

.cm.

5. A liquid crystal device according to claim 1, wherein an insulating film of an inorganic insulating material is disposed on at least one of the electrodes.

6. A liquid crystal device according to claim 5, wherein said inorganic insulating material is at least one member selected from the group consisting of silicon nitride, silicon nitride containing hydrogen, silicon carbide, silicon carbide containing hydrogen, silicon oxide, boron nitride, boron nitride containing hydrogen, cerium oxide, aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide and magnesium fluoride.

7. A liquid crystal device according to claim 1, wherein an insulating film of an organic insulating material is disposed on at least one of the electrodes.

8. A liquid crystal device according to claim 7, wherein said organic insulating material is at least one member selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl alcohol, polyimide, polyamide-imide, polyester-imide, polyparaxylylene, polyester, polycarbonate, polyvinylacetal, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate, polyamide, polystyrene, cellulose resin, melamine resin, urea resin, acrylic resin and photoresist resins.

9. A liquid crystal device according to claim 1, wherein an insulating layer providing a capacitance of 5.5×

10³ pF/cm² or above is disposed on at least one of the electrodes.

10. A liquid crystal device according to claim 9, wherein said insulating layer provides a capacitance of 5.5×

10³ to 3.0×

10⁵ pF/cm².

11. A liquid crystal device according to claim 9, wherein said insulating layer provides a capacitance of 9.0×

10³ to 5.5×

10⁴ pF/cm².

12. A liquid crystal device according to claim 1, wherein said ferroelectric liquid crystal is a smectic liquid crystal.

13. A liquid crystal device according to claim 1, wherein said ferroelectric liquid crystal is a chiral smectic liquid crystal.

14. A liquid crystal device according to claim 13, wherein said chiral smectic liquid crystal is in C phase, H phase, I phase, J phase, K phase, G phase and F phase.

15. A liquid crystal device according to claim 13, wherein said chiral smectic liquid crystal is in a non-spiral structure.

16. A liquid crystal device according to claim 1, wherein an alternating voltage for preventing reversal phenomenon is applied to a picture element to which said writing signal is not being applied.

17. A liquid crystal device according to claim 16, wherein said alternating voltage is an AC voltage.

18. A driving method for a liquid crystal device comprising a plurality of picture elements arranged in a plurality of rows;

each picture element comprising a ferroelectric liquid crystal showing a first stable state and a second stable state depending on an electric field applied thereto and having a volume resistivity of 1×

10⁹ Ω

.cm or larger

said driving method comprising;

orientating the ferroelectric liquid crystal at a picture element on a selected row to the first or second stable state to write in the picture elements row by row; and

applying a voltage signal of an alternating waveform to the ferroelectric liquid crystal at the picture element on a nonselected row.

19. A driving method according to claim 18, wherein said alternating waveform is an AC voltage.

20. A driving method according to claim 18, wherein said ferroelectric liquid crystal has a volume resistivity of 1×

10¹⁰ Ω

.cm to 1×

10¹³ Ω

.cm.

21. A driving method according to claim 18, wherein said ferroelectric liquid crystal has a volume resistivity of 1×

10¹¹ Ω

.cm to 1×

10¹³ Ω

.cm.

22. A driving method according to claim 18, wherein said ferroelectric liquid crystal has a volume resistivity of 1×

10¹² Ω

.cm to 1×

10¹³ Ω

.cm.

23. A driving method according to claim 18, wherein said ferroelectric liquid crystal is placed under bistability condition.

31. A driving method according to claim 18, wherein the orienting of the ferroelectric crystal comprises a first phase of applying a voltage signal for orienting the ferroelectric liquid crystal to the first stable state and a second phase of applying a voltage signal for orienting the ferroelectric liquid crystal to the second stable state;

the voltage signals applied in the first and second phases having mutually opposite polarities.

24. A driving method for a liquid crystal device comprising a plurality of picture elements arranged two-dimensionally;

each picture element comprising opposite electrodes, a layer of a ferroelectric liquid crystal having a volume resistivity of 1×

10⁹ Ω

.cm or larger and disposed between the opposite electrodes and having a first display state and a second display state;

said driving method comprising;

applying a first writing signal of a polarity for producing a first display state and a holding signal of a reverse polarity for holding the first display state respectively to a selected first group of picture elements among said plurality of picture elements, and

applying a second writing signal for producing a second display state respectively to a remaining second group of picture elements.

25. A driving method according to claim 24, wherein an alternating voltage for preventing reversal of display states is applied to a picture element to which said writing signals are not being applied.

26. A driving method according to claim 25, wherein said alternating voltage is an AC voltage.

27. A driving method according to claim 24, wherein said ferroelectric liquid crystal has a volume resistivity of 1×

10¹⁰ Ω

.cm to 1×

10¹³ Ω

.cm.

28. A driving method according to claim 24, wherein said ferroelectric liquid crystal has a volume resistivity of 1×

10¹¹ Ω

.cm to 1×

10¹³ Ω

.cm.

29. A driving method according to claim 24, wherein said ferroelectric liquid crystal has a volume resistivity of 1×

10¹² Ω

.cm to 1×

10¹³ Ω

.cm.

30. A driving method according to claim 24, wherein said ferroelectric liquid crystal state is placed under bistability condition.