Stereoscopic infrared imager having a time-shared detector array

• US 4,682,029 A
• Filed: 10/22/1985
• Issued: 07/21/1987
• Est. Priority Date: 10/22/1985
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Hughes Electronics Corporation (Rtx Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Magnavox Government and Industrial Electronics Company
• Inventors: Bastian, Robert E., Diepeveen, Neal
• Primary Examiner(s): Howell, Janice A.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Hannaher, Constantine
• Application Number:
  US06/790,276
• Time in Patent Office: 637 Days
• Field of Search: 352/63, 250/334, 250/333, 250/332, 250/331, 250/330, 250/347, 350/137, 350/131, 358/113, 358/88, 358/3
• US Class Current: 250/330
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 30/35 using reflective optical elements in the optical path between the images and the observer

Abstract

A stereoscopic infrared imager includes optics for producing infrared images of two different views of an infrared scene. A scanning mirror alternately scans the two infrared images across a single infrared detector array. The detector array modulates a light source array to produce a visible image of the scanned part of the infrared scene. Optics are provided for producing visible images of the light source array at the positions of the eyes of the observer. A second scanning mirror alternately scans the image of the light source array across the two eyes of the observer in order to construct full visible images of the scene.

Claims

1. A device for producing a stereoscopic visible image of an invisible radiation scene, said device comprising:

means for producing a first invisible image of the scene viewed from a first viewing position;

means for producing a second invisible radiation image of the scene viewed from a second viewing position spaced from the first viewing position;

a radiation detector for detecting the invisible radiation images;

means for alternately scanning the first and second invisible radiation images across the detector, each scan having a starting time and a scan rate;

a light source;

means for driving the light source to produce visible light having an intensity proportional to the intensity of the invisible radiation incident on the detector;

means for producing a first visible image of the light source in a first field of view at a third viewing position;

means for producing a second visible image of the light source in a second field of view at a fourth viewing position spaced from the third viewing position;

means for alternately scanning the first visible image across the first field of view and the second visible image across the second field of view, each scan having a starting time and a scan rate; and

means for synchronizing the starting time and scan rate of the visible scanning means with the starting time and scan rate of the invisible radiation scanning means.

2. A device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the invisible radiation is infrared radiation.

3. A device as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the means for producing the first infrared radiation image of the scene comprises:

a first stationary input mirror arranged to receive infrared radiation from the scene and to reflect said infrared radiation; and

first lens means arranged to receive scene radiation reflected from the first stationary input mirror, said first lens means producing an infrared image of the scene in a focal plane.

4. A device as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the means for producing the second infrared radiation image of the scene comprises:

a second stationary input mirror arranged to receive infrared radiation from the scene and to reflect said infrared radiation, said second stationary input mirror being spaced from the first stationary input mirror; and

second lens means arranged to receive scene radiation reflected from the second stationary input mirror, said second lens means producing an infrared image of the scene in a focal plane.

5. A device as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that:

both lens means comprise a single input lens; and

the infrared scanning means comprises a rotating input mirror arranged to receive infrared radiation from the scene after reflection from the first and second stationary input mirrors, and further arranged to alternately reflect radiation from the first and second stationary input mirrors to the input lens.

6. A device for producing a stereoscopic visible image of an infrared radiation scene, said device comprising:

means for producing a first infrared image of the scene viewed from a first viewing position;

means for producing a second infrared radiation image of the scene viewed from a second viewing position spaced from the first viewing position;

a radiation detector for detecting the infrared radiation images;

means for alternately scanning the first and second infrared radiation images across the detector, each scan having a starting time and a scan rate;

a light source;

means for driving the light source to produce visible light having an intensity proportional to the intensity of the infrared radiation incident on the detector;

means for producing a first visible image of the light source in a first field of view at a third viewing position;

means for producing a second visible image of the light source in a second field of view at a fourth viewing position spaced from the third viewing position;

means for alternately scanning the first visible image across the first field of view and the second visible image across the second field of view, each scan having a starting time and a scan rate; and

means for synchronizing the starting time and scan rate of the visible scanning means with the starting time and scan rate of the infrared radiation scanning means;

characterized in that the means for producing the first and second infrared radiation images of the scene comprise;

a first stationary input mirror arranged to receive infrared radiation from the scene and to reflect said infrared radiation;

a second stationary input mirror arranged to receive infrared radiation from the scene and to reflect said infrared radiation, said second stationary input mirror being spaced from the first stationary input mirror; and

a single input lens arranged to receive scene radiation reflected from the first and second stationary input mirrors, said input lens producing an infrared image of the scene in a focal plane; and

characterized in that the infrared scanning means comprises a rotating mirror prism with their reflective sides arranged to receive infrared radiation from the scene after reflection from the first and second stationary input mirrors, and further arranged to alternately reflect radiation from the first and second stationary input mirrors to the input lens.

7. A device as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that the means for producing the first visible image of the light source comprises:

first display lens means for focusing light from the light source; and

a first stationary display mirror arranged to receive light from the light source after it has passed through the first display lens means.

8. A device as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that the means for producing the second visible image of the light source comprises:

second display lens means for focusing light from the light source; and

a second stationary display mirror arranged to receive light from the light source after it has passed through the second display lens means, said second stationary display mirror being spaced from the first stationary display mirror.

9. A device as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that:

both display lens means comprise a single objective lens;

the visible scanning means comprises a rotating display mirror arranged to receive light from the light source by way of the objective lens, said rotating display mirror being arranged to alternately reflect said light to the first and second stationary display mirrors.

10. A device as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that the rotating display mirror comprises a mirror prism with three reflective sides.

11. A device as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that the synchronization means comprises a gear train forming a mechanical linkage between the rotating input mirror and the rotating display mirror.

12. A device as claimed in claim 11, characterized in that the infrared radiation detector comprises a linear array of infrared radiation detectors arranged in the focal plane of the input lens.

13. A device as claimed in claim 12, characterized in that the light source comprises a linear array of light emitting diodes, each light emitting diode in the diode array corresponding to one infrared detector in the detector array.

14. A device as claimed in claim 13, characterized in that:

each infrared detector produces an output electrical signal having a magnitude proportional to the intensity of the infrared radiation incident thereon;

each light source has an input and produces visible light having an intensity proportional to the magnitude of an input electrical signal applied thereto; and

the means for driving the light source comprises an array of electric amplifiers, each amplifier having an input connected to the output of an associated infrared detector and having an output connected to the input of an associated light source.

15. A device as claimed in claim 14, characterized in that:

the means for producing the first visible image of the light source further comprises a first eyepiece lens arranged to receive light source light reflected from the first stationary display mirror; and

the means for producing the second visible image of the light source further comprises a second eyepiece lens arranged to receive light source light reflected from the second stationary display mirror.

16. A device for producing a stereoscopic visible image of an invisible radiation scene, said device comprising:

means for producing a first invisible image of the scene viewed from a first viewing position;

means for producing a second invisible radiation image of the scene viewed from a second viewing position spaced from the first viewing position;

a radiation detector for detecting the invisible radiation images;

means for alternately scanning the first and second invisible radiation images across the detector, each scan having a starting time and a scan rate;

a light source;

means for driving the light source to produce visible light having an intensity proportional to the intensity of the invisible radiation incident on the detector;

means for producing a first visible image of the light source in a first field of view at a third viewing position;

means for producing a second visible image of the light source in a second field of view at a fourth viewing position spaced from the third viewing position;

means for alternately scanning the first visible image across the first field of view and the second visible image across the second field of view, each scan having a starting time and a scan rate; and

means for synchronizing the starting time and scan rate of the visible scanning means with the starting time and scan rate of the invisible radiation scanning means;

characterized in that;

the invisible radiation scanning means comprises a rotating input mirror;

the visible scanning means comprises a rotating display mirror; and

the synchronization means comprises a gear train forming a mechanical linkage between the rotating input mirror and the rotating display mirror.