Composite insulation material

• US 4,685,155 A
• Filed: 03/08/1985
• Issued: 08/11/1987
• Est. Priority Date: 02/12/1982
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Fingerhut Arthur Larry
• Original Assignee: Arthur L. Fingerhut
• Inventors: Fingerhut, Howard W., Fingerhut, Arthur L.
• Primary Examiner(s): NOT, DEFINED
• Assistant Examiner(s): Olds, J. S.
• Application Number:
  US06/709,457
• Time in Patent Office: 886 Days
• Field of Search: 2/272, 2/81, 2/87, 2/DIG. 1, 2/243 A, 112/420, 428/137, 428/138, 428/158-160, 428/179, 428/182, 428/186, 604/385.1
• US Class Current: 2/272
• CPC Class Codes: A41D 27/06 Stiffening-pieces
• CPC Class Codes: A41D 31/065 using layered materials
• CPC Class Codes: A41D 31/145 using layered materials
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2266/0278 Polyurethane
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2305/026 Porous
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2307/306 Resistant to heat
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2307/412 Transparent
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2307/416 Reflective
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2307/51 Elastic
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2309/105 Thickness
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2437/00 Clothing
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 27/065 of foam
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 3/266 characterised by an apertured layer, the apertures going through the whole thickness of the layer, e.g. expanded metal, perforated layer, slit layer regular cells B32B3/12
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 3/30 characterised by a layer formed with recesses or projections, e.g. hollows, grooves, protuberances, ribs apertured layer B32B3/266; layer with cavities or internal voids B32B3/26
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 5/18 characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 7/02 Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 7/023 Optical properties
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 7/14 applied in spaced arrangements, e.g. in stripes
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 2/01 Ventilated garment
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/24322 Composite web or sheet
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/24331 : including nonapertured component
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 442/3333 : Including a free metal or alloy constituent
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 442/3407 : Chemically deposited metal layer [e.g., chemical precipitation or electrochemical deposition or plating, etc.]

Abstract

A composite sheet material for garments and the like is disclosed. The composite sheet material comprises a substantially continuous internal layer of porous material having low heat conductivity and high resilience. The internal layer is of a substantially uniform thickness and consistency, and its composition and thickness is such that it is supple and drapable. A flexible sheet of liquid impermeable material is adhered to the internal layer, and the flexible sheet having a plurality of capillary openings extended therethrough. The capillary openings each have a base open to one surface of the flexible surface and lying substantially in the plane of the flexible sheet, an apex extending away from the opposite surface of the flexible sheet and remote from the plane of the flexible sheet, and are of a character so as to inhibit the flow of fluids therethrough. The flexible sheet is adhered to the internal layer in an orientation such that the apexes of the openings face away from and are remote from the internal layer. Such a composite sheet material provides a breatheable sheet material for providing comfort to the wearer, and also exhibits improved water and wind resistance as well as good heat insulating characteristics and quietness.

Claims

1. A heat insulating garment and the like for heat retention, comprising:

an outer fabric shell adapted to be disposed to cover a portion of the body of a wearer;

a composite interlining sheet material for said fabric shell, said composite interlining sheet material including (i) a substantially continuous internal layer of porous material having a low heat conductivity and high resiliency, said internal layer being of a substantially uniform thickness and consistency and having a composition and thickness such that it is supple and drapable, and said internal layer having first and second surfaces, and (ii) a flexible sheet of liquid impermeable material having a first surface and a second surface, said flexible sheet having a plurality of capillary openings extending therethrough, each of said openings having a base open to said first surface of said flexible sheet and lying substantially in the plane of said flexible sheet, and an apex extending away from said second surface of said flexible sheet and remote from the plane of said flexible sheet, said openings being of a character so as to inhibit the flow of fluids through said openings, and said flexible sheet being adhered to said internal layer so that said first surface of said flexible sheet faces said first surface of said internal layer and said second surface of said flexible sheet faces away from said internal layer so that said apexes of said openings are remote from said first surface of said internal layer; and

said composite interlining sheet material being disposed in fixed relation to said outer fabric shell.

2. The garment and the like of claim 1, wherein the size of said openings at said base are greater than the size of said openings at said apex such that said openings form tapered capillaries.

3. The garment and the like of claim 1, wherein said flexible sheet of liquid impermeable material comprises a first flexible sheet of liquid impermeable material, and further including a second flexible sheet of liquid impermeable material adhered to said second surface of said internal layer.

4. The garment and the like of claim 3, wherein said second flexible sheet of liquid impermeable material has a plurality of openings extending therethrough.

5. The garment and the like of claim 4, wherein said openings in said second flexible sheet comprise capillary openings having a base open to one surface of said second flexible sheet and lying substantially in the plane of said second flexible sheet and an apex extending away from the other surface of said second flexible sheet and remote from the plane of said second flexible sheet.

6. The garment and the like of claim 5, wherein said one surface of said second flexible sheet is adhered to said second surface of said internal layer.

7. The garment and the like of claim 3, wherein said second surface of said first flexible sheet is substantially continuously reflective in a direction facing away from said first surface of said first flexible sheet, and wherein said second flexible sheet has a first surface facing said internal layer and a second surface which is nonreflective.

8. The garment and the like of claim 7, wherein said second reflective surface of said first flexible sheet comprises a layer of metallized reflective material deposited on said first flexible sheet.

9. The garment and the like of claim 8, further including a layer of transparent material overlying said layer of metallized reflective material.

10. The heat insulating garment and the like of claim 4, wherein said internal layer is perforated.

11. The garment and the like of claim 1, wherein the size of said openings at said apex is in the range from about 0.004" to 0.100".

12. The garment and the like of claim 1, wherein the height of said apexes of said openings above said second surface of said flexible sheet is in the range of from about 0.005" to about 0.030".

13. The garment and the like of claim 1, wherein said flexible sheet comprises a sheet of polyethylene.

14. The garment and the like of claim 1, wherein the number of openings in said flexible sheet is on the order of 30 to 1500 per square inch.

15. The garment and the like of claim 1, wherein said composite sheet material is disposed relative to said outer fabric shell so that said second surface of said flexible sheet is disposed to face away from the body of the wearer when said outer fabric shell is disposed to cover a portion of the body of the wearer.

16. An insulating composite interlining sheet material comprising:

a substantially continuous internal layer of porous material having a low heat conductivity and high resiliency, said internal layer being of a substantially uniform thickness and consistency and having a composition and thickness such that it is supple and drapable, and said internal layer having first and second surfaces;

a flexible sheet of liquid impermeable material having a first surface and a second surface, said flexible sheet having a plurality of capillary openings extending therethrough, each of said openings having a base open to said first surface of said flexible sheet and lying substantially in the plane of said flexible sheet, and an apex extending away from said second surface of said flexible sheet and remote from the plane of said flexible sheet, said openings being of a character so as to inhibit the flow of fluids through said openings; and

said flexible sheet being adhered to said internal layer at at least spaced intervals so that said first surface of said flexible sheet faces said first surface of said internal layer and said second surface of said flexible sheet faces away from said internal layer so that said apexes of said openings are remote from said first surface of said internal layer.

17. The composite sheet material of claim 16, wherein the size of said openings at said base are greater than the size of said openings at said apex such that said openings form tapered capillaries.

18. The composite sheet material of claim 16 wherein said flexible sheet of liquid impermeable material comprises a first flexible sheet of liquid impermeable material, and further including a second flexible sheet of liquid impermeable material adhered to said second surface of said internal layer.

19. The composite sheet material of claim 18, wherein said second flexible sheet of liquid impermeable material has a plurality of openings extending therethrough.

20. The composite sheet material of claim 19, wherein said openings in said second flexible sheet comprise capillary openings having a base open to one surface of said second flexible sheet and lying substantially in the plane of said second flexible sheet and an apex extending away from the other surface of said second flexible sheet and remote from the plane of said second flexible sheet.

21. The composite sheet material of claim 20, wherein said one surface of said second flexible sheet is adhered to said second surface of said internal layer.

22. The composite sheet material of claim 18 wherein said second surface of said first flexible sheet is substantially continuously reflective in a direction facing away from said first surface of said first flexible sheet, and wherein said second flexible sheet has a first surface facing said internal layer and a second surface which is nonreflective.

23. The composite sheet material of claim 22 wherein said second reflective surface of said first flexible sheet comprises a layer of metallized reflective material deposited on said first flexible sheet.

24. The composite sheet material of claim 19, wherein said internal layer is perforated.

25. The composite sheet material of claim 16, wherein the size of said openings at said apex is in the range from about 0.004" to 0.100".

26. The composite sheet material of claim 16, wherein the height of said apexes of said openings above said second surface of said flexible sheet is in the range of from about 0.005" to about 0.030".

27. The composite sheet material of claim 16, wherein said flexible sheet material comprises a sheet of polyethelene.

28. The composite sheet material of claim 16, wherein the number of openings in said flexible sheet is on the order of 30 to 1500 per square inch.

29. A heat insulating composite sheet material for garments and the like, said composite sheet material comprising:

a substantially continuous internal layer of porous material having a low heat conductivity and high resiliency, said internal layer being of a substantially uniform thickness and consistency and having a composition and thickness such that it is supple and drapable, and said internal layer having first and second surfaces;

a flexible sheet of liquid impermeable material having a first surface and a second surface, said flexible sheet having a plurality of capillary openings extending therethrough, each of said openings having a base open to said first surface of said flexible sheet and lying substantially in the plane of said flexible sheet, and an apex extending away from said second surface of said flexible sheet and remote from the plane of said flexible sheet, said openings being of a character so as to inhibit the flow of fluids through said openings; and

said flexible sheet being adhered to said internal layer so that said first surface of said flexible sheet faces said first surface of said internal layer and said second surface of said flexible sheet faces away from said internal layer so that said apexes of said openings are remote from said first surface of said internal layer.

30. The composite sheet material of claim 29, wherein the size of said openings at said base are greater than the size of said openings at said apex such that said openings form tapered capillaries.

31. The composite sheet material of claim 29, wherein said flexible sheet of liquid impermeable material comprises a first flexible sheet of liquid impermeable material, and further including a second flexible sheet of liquid impermeable material adhered to said second surface of said internal layer.

32. The composite sheet material of claim 31, wherein said second flexible sheet of liquid impermeable material has a plurality of openings extending therethrough.

33. The composite sheet material of claim 32, wherein said openings in said second flexible sheet comprise capillary openings having a base open to one surface of said second flexible sheet and lying substantially in the plane of said second flexible sheet and an apex extending away from the other surface of said second flexible sheet and remote from the plane of said second flexible sheet.

34. The composite sheet material of claim 33, wherein said one surface of said second flexible sheet is adhered to said second surface of said internal layer.

35. The composite sheet material of claim 32, wherein said internal layer is perforated.

36. The composite sheet material of claim 29, wherein the size of said openings at said apex is in the range from about 0.004" to 0.100".

37. The composite sheet material of claim 29, wherein the height of said apexes of said openings above said second surface of said flexible sheet is in the range of from about 0.005" to about 0.030".

38. The composite sheet material of claim 29, wherein said flexible sheet material comprises a sheet of polyethelene.

39. The composite sheet material of claim 29, wherein the number of openings in said flexible sheet is on the order of 30 to 1500 per square inch.

40. A heat insulating garment and the like for heat retention, comprising:

an outer fabric shell adapted to be disposed to cover a portion of the body of a wearer;

a composite interlining sheet material for said fabric shell, said composite interlining sheet material including (i) a substantially continuous internal layer of porous material having a low heat conductivity and high resiliency, said internal layer being of a substantially uniform thickness and consistency and having a composition and thickness such that it is supple and drapable, and said internal layer having first and second surfaces, and (ii) a flexible sheet of liquid impermeable material having a first surface and a second surface, said second surface of said flexible sheet being substantially continuously reflective in a direction facing away from said first surface of said sheet, said flexible sheet having a plurality of capillary openings extending therethrough, each of said openings having a base open to said first surface of said flexible sheet and lying substantially in the plane of said flexible sheet, and an apex extending away from said second surface of said flexible sheet and remote from the plane of said flexible sheet, said openings being of a character so as to inhibit the flow of fluids through said openings, and said flexible sheet being adhered to said internal layer so that said first surface of said flexible sheet faces said first surface of said internal layer and said second surface of said flexible sheet faces away from said internal layer so that said apexes of said openings are remote from said first surface of said internal layer; and

said composite interlining sheet material being disposed in fixed relation to said outer fabric shell.

41. The garment and the like of claim 40, wherein the size of said openings at said vase are greater than the size of said openings at said apex such that said openings form tapered capillaries.

42. The garment and the like of claim 40, wherein said flexible sheet of liquid impermeable material comprises a first flexible sheet of liquid impermeable material, and further including a second flexible sheet of liquid impermeable material adhered to said second surface of said internal layer.

43. The garment and the like of claim 42, wherein said second flexible sheet of liquid impermeable material has a plurality of openings extending therethrough.

44. The garment and the like of claim 43, wherein said openings in said second flexible sheet comprise capillary openings having a base open to one surface of said second flexible sheet and lying substantially in the plane of said second flexible sheet and an apex extending away from the other surface of said second flexible sheet and remote from the plane of said second flexible sheet.

45. The garment and the like of claim 44, wherein said one surface of said second flexible sheet is adhered to said second surface of said internal layer.

46. The garment and the like of claim 40, wherein the size of said openings at said apex is in the range from about 0.004" to 0.100".

47. The garment and the like of claim 40, wherein the height of said apexes of said openings above said second surface of said flexible sheet is in the range of from about 0.005" to about 0.030".

48. The garment and the like of claim 40, wherein said flexible sheet comprises a sheet of polyethelene.

49. The garment and the like of claim 40, wherein the number of openings in said flexible sheet is on the order or 30 to 1500 per square inch.

50. The garment and the like of claim 40, wherein said composite sheet material is disposed relative to said outer fabric shell so that said second surface of said flexible sheet is disposed to face away from the body of the wearer when said outer fabric shell is disposed to cover a portion of the body of the wearer.

51. A reversible garment and the like for maximizing heat retention when the garment and the like is disposed in a first orientation relative to the body of the wearer and for minimizing heat retention when the garment and the like is disposed in a second reversible orientation relative to the body of a wearer, said reversible garment comprising:

an outer fabric shell adapted to be disposed in a first orientation to cover the portion of the body of a wearer and in a second reversible orientation to cover the portion of the body of a wearer;

a composite interlining sheet material for said fabric shell, said composite interlining sheet material including (i) a substantially continuous internal layer of porous material having a low heat conductivity and high resiliency, said internal layer being of a substantially uniform thickness and consistency and having a composition and thickness such that it is supple and drapable, and said internal layer having first and second surfaces, (ii) a flexible sheet of liquid impermeable material having a first surface and a second surface, said second surface of said flexible sheet being substantially continuously reflective in a direction facing away from said first surface of said sheet, said flexible sheet having a plurality of capillary openings extending therethrough, each of said openings having a base open to said first surface of said flexible sheet and lying substantially in the plane of said flexible sheet, and an apex extending away from said second surface of said flexible sheet and remote from the plane of said flexible sheet, said openings being of a character so as to inhibit the flow of fluids through said openings, and said flexible sheet being adhered to said internal layer so that said first surface of said flexible sheet faces said first surface of said internal layer and said second surface of said flexible sheet faces away from said internal layer so that said apexes of said openings are remote from said first surface of said internal layer and so that said second reflective surface of said flexible sheet serves to decrease the emissivity of said composite sheet material and reduce the conduction of heat in a direction away from said second surface of said internal layer twoard said first surface of said internal layer; and

(iii) the surface of said composite interlining sheet material which faces away from said flexible sheet of liquid impermeable material b3eing nonreflective; and

said composite interlining sheet material being disposed in fixed relation relative to said outer fabric shell so that said second surface of said flexible sheet is disposed so as to face away from the body of the wearer when said outer fabric shell is disposed in said first orientation to thereby maximize heat retention and so that said second surface of said flexible sheet faces toward the body of the wearer when said outer fabric shell is disposed in said second reversible orientation to thereby minimize heat retention.

52. The reversible garment and the like of claim 51, wherein the size of said openings at said base are greater than the size of said openings at said apex such that said openings form tapered capillaries.

53. The reversible garment and the like of claim 51, wherein said flexible sheet of liquid impermeable material comprises a first flexible sheet of liquid impermeable material, and further including a second flexible sheet of liquid impermeable material adhered to said second surface of said internal layer.

54. The reversible garment and the like of claim 53, wherein said second flexible sheet of liquid impermeable material has a plurality of openings extending therethrough.

55. The reversible garment and the like of claim 54, wherein said openings in said second flexible sheet comprise capillary openings having a base open to one surface of said flexible sheet and lying substantially in the plane of said second flexible sheet and an apex extending away from the other surface of said second flexible sheet and remote from the plane of said second flexible sheet.

56. The reversible garment and the like of claim 55, wherein said one surface of said second flexible sheet is adhered to said second surface of said internal layer.

57. An insulating composite interlining sheet material comprising:

a substantially continuous internal layer of porous material having a low heat conductivity and high resilience, said internal layer being of a substantially uniform thickness and consistency and having a composition and thickness such that it is supple and drapable, and said internal layer having first and second surfaces;

a flexible sheet of liquid impermeable material having a first surface and a second surface, said second surface of said flexible sheet being substantially continuously reflective in a direction facing away from said first surface of said sheet, said flexible sheet having a plurality of capillary openings extending therethrough, each of said openings having a base open to said first surface of said flexible sheet and lying substantially in the plane of said flexible sheet, and an apex extending away from said second surface of said flexible sheet and remote from the plane of said flexible sheet, said openings being of a character so as to inhibit the flow of fluids through said openings;

said flexible sheet being adhered to said internal layer at at least spaced intervals so that said first surface of said flexible sheet faces said first surface of said internal layer and said second surface of said flexible sheet faces away from said internal layer so that said apexes of said openings are remote from said first surface of said internal layer.

58. The composite sheet material of claim 57, wherein the size of said openings at said base are greater than the size of said openings at said apex such that said openings form tapered capillaries.

59. The composite sheet material of claim 57, wherein said flexible sheet of liquid impermeable material comprises a first flexible sheet of liquid impermeable material, and further including a second flexible sheet of liquid impermeable material adhered to said second surface of said internal layer.

60. The composite sheet material of claim 59, wherein said second flexible sheet of liquid impermeable material has a plurality of openings extending therethrough.

61. The composite sheet material of claim 60, wherein said openings in said second flexible sheet comprise capillary openings having a base open to one surface of said second flexible sheet and lying substantially in the plane of said second flexible sheet and an apex extending away from the other surface of said second flexible sheet and remote from the plane of said second flexible sheet.

62. The composite sheet material of claim 61, wherein said one surface of said second flexible sheet is adhered to said second surface of said internal layer.

63. The composite sheet material of claim 57, wherein the size of said openings at said apex is in the range from about 0.004" to 0.100".

64. The composite sheet material of claim 57, wherein the height of said apexes of said openings above said second surface of said flexible sheet is in the range of from about 0.005" to about 0.030".

65. The composite sheet material of claim 57, wherein said flexible sheet comprises a sheet of polyethelene.

66. The composite sheet material of claim 57, wherein the number of openings in said flexible sheet is on the order of 30 to 1500 per square inch.

67. A garment and the like comprising:

a fabric shell adapted to be disposed to cover a portion of the body of the wearer;

an insulation layer of porous material having a low heat conductivity and a composition and thickness such that it is supple and drapable, said insulation layer being disposed in fixed relationship to said fabric shell;

a flexible sheet of liquid impermeable material having a first surface and a second surface, said flexible sheet having a plurality of capillary openings extending therethrough, each of said openings having a base open to said first surface of said flexible sheet and lying substantially in the plane of said flexible sheet, and an apex extending away from said second surface of said flexible sheet and remote from the plane of said flexible sheet, said openings being of a character to inhibit the flow of fluids through said openings; and

said flexible sheet being disposed in fixed relationship with respect to said fabric shell and said insulation layer so that said insulation layer is disposed intermediate said flexible sheet and the body of the wearer when said fabric shell is disposed to cover a portion of the body of a wearer, and said flexible sheet being oriented so that said first surface of said flexible sheet faces toward said insulation layer and said second surface of said flexible sheet faces away from said insulation layer so that said apexes of said openings are remote from the body of the wearer when said fabric shell is disposed to cover a portion of the body of the wearer.

68. The garment and the like of claim 67, wherein said flexible sheet is adhered at at least spaced intervals to one of said fabric shell and said insulation layer.

69. The garment and the like fo claim 67, wherein said fabric shell comprises an outer fabric shell, and wherein said flexible sheet is interposed between said outer fabric shell and said insulation layer.

70. A composite sheet material for garments and the like, said composite sheet material comprising:

an insulation layer of porous material having a low heat conductivity and a composition and thickness such that it is supple and drapable;

a flexible sheet of liquid impermeable material having a first surface and a second surface, said flexible sheet having a plurality of capillary openings extending therethorugh, each of said openings having a base open to said first surface of said flexible sheet and lying substantially in the plane of said flexible sheet, and an apex extending away from said second surface of said flexible sheet and remote from the plane of said flexible sheet, said openings being of a character so as to inhibit the flow of fluids through said openings; and

said flexible sheet being adhered to said insulation layer so that said first surface of said flexible sheet faces said insulation layer and said second surface of said flexible sheet faces away from said insulation layer so that said apexes of said openings are remote from said insulation layer.