Magnetic sensor having closely spaced and electrically parallel magnetoresistive layers of different widths

• US 4,686,472 A
• Filed: 02/10/1986
• Issued: 08/11/1987
• Est. Priority Date: 04/22/1981
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: US Philips Corporation (Koninklijke Philips N.V.)
• Original Assignee: US Philips Corporation (Koninklijke Philips N.V.)
• Inventors: Van Ooijen, Johannes A. C., Ruigrok, Jacobus J. M.
• Primary Examiner(s): Karlsen, Ernest F.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Snow, Walter E.
• Application Number:
  US06/828,582
• Time in Patent Office: 547 Days
• Field of Search: 324/252, 338/32 R, 365/8, 365/158, 360/113
• US Class Current: 324/252
• CPC Class Codes: B82Y 25/00 Nanomagnetism, e.g. magnetoimpedance, anisotropic magnetoresistance, giant magnetoresistance or tunneling magnetoresistance
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 33/093 using multilayer structures, e.g. giant magnetoresistance sensors thin magnetic films H01F10/00
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 5/3925 the two parts being thin films
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 5/3954 the active elements transducing on a single track

Abstract

A magnetic sensor for sensing magnetic fields including two flat layers of electrically conductive ferromagnetic material (11, 16) each having an in-plane easy axis of magnetization (EA₁, EA₂) and each producing a resistance variation under the influence of a magnetic field Ha which originates from a source at an edge of the layer, which layers are situated a small distance apart parallel with respect to each other. In order to increase the sensor'"'"'s sensitivity to small magnetic fields, in operation the layers (11, 16) convey currents flowing in the same direction and are connected in parallel to the input terminals of a detection circuit (2, 9).

Claims

1. In a magnetic sensor assembly for detecting signals recorded on an associated magnetic medium, the sensor comprising:

two magnetostatically coupled magnetoresistive elements, each element having a respective planar surface, the respective planar surfaces being mutually parallel and being mutually separated by a distance, each element also having an easy axis of magnetization oriented substantially parallel with the respective planar surface;

the recorded signals provided a magnetic signal field applied to the magnetoresistive elements in a signal direction; and

means for providing, in operation of the sensor, measuring currents which simultaneously flow in a current direction through the elements so that each measuring current flowing through an element serves to provide the sole magnetic bias for the other of the elements, the magnetizations of the elements being biased in opposite directions;

wherein, in operation of the sensor, the magnetizations of the elements are oriented perpendicularly to the current direction and parallel with the signal direction, each of the magnetoresistive elements having a respective thickness measured in a direction perpendicular to the respective planar surface, the thicknesses of the magnetoresistive elements being different.

2. An assembly as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the easy access of each element is parallel to the current direction.

3. An assembly as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the distance separating the planar surfaces is less than 30 nanometers.

4. An assembly as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the assembly further comprises means, connected to the elements, for sensing a voltage across a parallel resistance of the elements.

5. A sensor assembly as in claim 1 wherein the elements are connected electrically in parallel.

6. An assembly as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the assembly further comprises an intermediate layer arranged between the planar surfaces of the elements so that the elements are separated by and in contact with the intermediate layer, the intermediate layer being as of a non-magnetic, electrically-conductive material.

7. An assembly as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that the intermediate layer has a thickness of less than 10 nanometers.

8. An assembly as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that the intermediate layer consists essentially of molybdenum.

9. An assembly as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that the intermediate layer consists essentially of titanium.

10. In a magnetic sensor assembly for detecting signals recorded on an associated magnetic medium, the sensor comprising:

two magnetostatically coupled magnetoresistive elements, each element having a respective planar surface, the respective planar surfaces being mutually parallel and being mutually separated by a distance, each element also having an easy axis of magnetization oriented substantially parallel with the respective planar surface;

the recorded signals providing a magnetic signal field applied to the magnetoresistive elements in a signal direction; and

means for providing, in operation of the sensor, measuring currents which simultaneously flow in a current direction through the elements so that each measuring current flowing through an element serves to provide a sole magnetic bias for the other of the elements, the magnetizations of the elements being biased in opposite directions;

wherein, in operation of the sensor, the magnetizations of the elements are oriented perpendicularly to both the current and signal directions, each of the magnetoresistive elements having a respective thickness measured in a direction perpendicular to the respective planar surface, the thickness of the magnetoresistive elements being different.

11. An assembly as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that the easy access of each element is parallel to the current direction.

12. An assembly as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that the distance separating the planar surfaces is less than 30 nanometers.

13. An assembly as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that the assembly further comprises means, connected to the elements, for sensing a voltage across a parallel resistance of the elements.

14. A sensor assembly as in claim 10 wherein the elements are connected electrically in parallel.

15. An assembly as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that the assembly further comprises an intermediate layer arranged between the planar surfaces of the elements so that the elements are separated by and in contact with the intermediate layer, the intermediate layer being of of a non-magnetic, electrically-conductive material.

16. An assembly as claimed in claim 15, characterized in that the intermediate layer has a thickness of less than 10 nanometers.

17. An assembly as claimed in claim 15, characterized in that the intermediate layer consists essentially of molybdenum.

18. An assembly as claimed in claim 15, characterized in that the intermediate layer consists essentially of titanium.