Load indicating member, apparatus and method
First Claim
1. A load indicating member comprising:
- a shank, which, when stressed longitudinally, is subject to elastic deformation such that one portion thereof moves relative to another portion thereof;
a recess formed adjacent one longitudinal end of said shank;
a first flat surface formed in the base of said recess;
an indicator pin having one longitudinal end disposed adjacent said first flat surface and an other longitudinal end disposed remote therefrom, said other longitudinal end being secured to said shank at a location remote from said first flat surface, said pin being unaffected by said elastic deformation of said shank; and
a second flat surface formed at said one longitudinal end of said pin, said second flat surface being substantially parallel with said first flat surface when said shank is unstressed, said second flat surface providing a reference for measurement of the elongation of said shank.
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Abstract
A method of measuring the load in a member subjected to longitudinal stress, a load measuring device and a fastener tightening device using the method of measuring, a load indicating member and a load indicating fastener for use in conjunction with the method of measuring, a method of making the load indicating fastener, and a method of tightening the load indicating fastener. A preselected end of a pin is secured to a shank of a load indicating member, such as a load indicating fastener, in a manner such that the pin is unaffected by the elastic deformation of the shank in response to longitudinal stress. Coplanar first and second flat surfaces are formed, respectively, adjacent to the longitudinal ends of the pin and the shank furthest from the preselected end of the pin such as to provide reference surfaces for the measurement of the elongation of the shank in response to longitudinal stress.
41 Citations
27 Claims
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1. A load indicating member comprising:
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a shank, which, when stressed longitudinally, is subject to elastic deformation such that one portion thereof moves relative to another portion thereof; a recess formed adjacent one longitudinal end of said shank; a first flat surface formed in the base of said recess; an indicator pin having one longitudinal end disposed adjacent said first flat surface and an other longitudinal end disposed remote therefrom, said other longitudinal end being secured to said shank at a location remote from said first flat surface, said pin being unaffected by said elastic deformation of said shank; and a second flat surface formed at said one longitudinal end of said pin, said second flat surface being substantially parallel with said first flat surface when said shank is unstressed, said second flat surface providing a reference for measurement of the elongation of said shank. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9)
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10. A load measuring device for use in conjunction with a load indicating member having a shank, a first flat surface formed adjacent to one longitudinal end of said shank, first engagement means formed at said one longitudinal end of said shank, a pin secured to said shank at a location remote from said first flat surface, and a second flat surface formed on said pin and disposed parallel to said first flat surface, said load measuring device comprising:
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adapter means selectively engagable with said first flat surface; probe means movably interconnected with said adapter means, said probe means being selectively engagable with said second flat surface; second engagement means selectively engagable with said first engagement means when said load measuring device is used in conjunction with said load indicating member such as to axially position said probe means relative to said pin; and measurement means responsive to the displacement of said probe means relative to said adapter means such that said measurement means provides a measurement of the elongation of said shank relative to said pin when said shank is stressed longitudinally. - View Dependent Claims (11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 27)
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16. A method of tightening a load indicating fastener of the type having a shank subject to elastic deformation when stressed longitudinally, a head formed at one longitudinal end of said load indicating fastner, a first flat surface formed adjacent said head, tool engagement means formed on said head adjacent said first flat surface, an indicator pin having one longitudinal end disposed adjacent said first flat surface and an other longitudinal end secured to said shank at a location remote from said head, and a second flat surface formed at said one longitudinal end of said pin, said method comprising the steps of:
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simultaneously engaging a tightening tool with said tool engagement means, engaging adapter means with said first flat surface, and engaging probe means with said second flat surface said adapter means being fixedly interconnected with said tightening tool and said probe means being reciprocally interconnected with said adapter means; operating said tightening tool to tighten said load indicating fastener; and measuring the displacement of said probe means relative to said adapter means such as to provide a continuous measurement of the elongation of said shank during the operation of said tightening tool. - View Dependent Claims (17, 18)
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19. A method of measuring the load indicating fastener of the type having a shank subject to elastic deformation when stressed longitudinally, a head formed at one longitudinal end of said load indicating fastener, a first flat surface formed adjacent said head, tool engagement means formed on said head adjacent said first flat surface, an indicator pin having one longitudinal end disposed adjacent said first flat surface and an other longitudinal end secured to said shank at a location remote from said head, and a second flat surface formed at said one longitudinal end of said pin, said method comprising the steps of:
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engaging socket means with said tool engagement means, said socket means further comprising leg means engagable with said first flat surface and probe means reciprocably interconnected with said leg means and engagable with said second flat surface; and measuring the position of said probe means relative to said leg means.
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20. An adapter for a load measuring device for use in conjunction with a load indicating member having a shank, a first flat surface formed adjacent one longitudinal end of said shank, a pin secured to said shank at a location remote from said first flat surface, and a second flat surface formed on said pin and disposed parallel to said first flat surface, said adapter means comprising:
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a main body; a bore extending through said main body, said bore being adapted to reciprocally receive probe means therein; interconnection means adapted to interconnect said main body with measurement means responsive to displacement of said probe means relative to said mainbody; and feet means extending from said main body for engagement with said first flat surface, said feet means being disposed in an array about said recess means such as to position said adapter means on said first flat surface in a manner placing said bore in axial alignment with said pin; and
further such that, upon interconnection of said measurement means with said main body, and engagement of said probe means with said first flat surface, said measurement means provides a measurement of the elongation of said shank relative to said pin when said shank is stressed longitudinally. - View Dependent Claims (21, 22, 23, 24, 26)
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25. An installation tool for installing a load indicating fastener of the type having a shank, a first flat surface formed adjacent to one longitudinal end of said shank, tool engagement means formed at said shank, a pin secured to said shank at a location remote from said first flat surface, and a second flat surface formed on said pin and disposed parallel to said first flat surface, said installation tool comprising:
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adapter means selectively engagable with said first flat surface; probe means movably interconnected with said adapter means, said probe means being selectively engagable with said second flat surface; second engagement means selectively engagable with said first engagement means when said load measuring device is used in conjunction with said load indicating member such as to axially position said probe means relative to said pin; and measurement means responsive to the displacement of said probe means relative to said adapter means such that said measurement means provides a measurement of the elongation of said shank relative to said pin when said shank is stressed longitudinally, tool means selectively engagable with said tool engagement means such that said fastener is selectively installed in a workpiece by engagement of said tool means with said tool engagement means and operation. of said tool means.
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Specification