High current density cell
First Claim
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1. In a filter press membrane electrolytic cell having at least one cathode and one anode sandwiched about a permselective ion exchange membrane having a first side adjacent the cathode and a second side adjacent the anode, the improvement comprising in combination:
- a. a dual cathode having a first layer and a second layer, the first layer being an active surface cooperative with an immediately adjacent the first side of the membrane and the second layer being a supporting structure for the first layer such that an increased number of electrical current flow paths from the cathode to the membrane are provided; and
b. the membrane being surface modified on at least the first side adjacent the cathode so that reduced resistance at the cathode-membrane junction is achieved to permit cell operation at current densities greater than about 4.0 kiloamperes per square meter with a voltage coefficient less than about 0.20 volts per kiloampere per square meter while maintaining a value for the constant in a cell voltage equation equal to the linear extrapolation to zero current density of the slope of the total cell voltage versus current density plot, wherein the cell voltage equation is Vcell=Constant+(Voltage Coefficient)(Current Density).
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Abstract
A filter press membrane electrolytic cell having at least one cathode and one anode sandwiched about a permselective ion exchange membrane which employs a cathode having a first layer and a second layer cooperative with the membrane such that the voltage coefficient during operation at current densities greater than 4.0 kiloamperes per square meter is less than about 0.20 volts per kiloampere per square meter.
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Citations
28 Claims
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1. In a filter press membrane electrolytic cell having at least one cathode and one anode sandwiched about a permselective ion exchange membrane having a first side adjacent the cathode and a second side adjacent the anode, the improvement comprising in combination:
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a. a dual cathode having a first layer and a second layer, the first layer being an active surface cooperative with an immediately adjacent the first side of the membrane and the second layer being a supporting structure for the first layer such that an increased number of electrical current flow paths from the cathode to the membrane are provided; and b. the membrane being surface modified on at least the first side adjacent the cathode so that reduced resistance at the cathode-membrane junction is achieved to permit cell operation at current densities greater than about 4.0 kiloamperes per square meter with a voltage coefficient less than about 0.20 volts per kiloampere per square meter while maintaining a value for the constant in a cell voltage equation equal to the linear extrapolation to zero current density of the slope of the total cell voltage versus current density plot, wherein the cell voltage equation is Vcell=Constant+(Voltage Coefficient)(Current Density). - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20)
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21. A method of operating a filter press membrane electrolytic cell having at least one cathode and one anode sandwiched about a permselective ion exchange membrane, comprising the steps of
a. operating the cell at greater than a 4.0 kiloampere per square meter current density at about one atmosphere pressure; -
b. maintaining the cell at a voltage coefficient less than or equal to about 0.20 volts per kiloampere per square meter; and c. maintaining a value for a constant in a cell voltage equation equal to the linear extrapolation to zero current density of the total cell voltage versus current density plot wherein the cell voltage equation is Vcell=Constant+(Voltage Coefficient)(Current Density). - View Dependent Claims (22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28)
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Specification