Dirt accumulation indicator for air intake filters

• US 4,688,511 A
• Filed: 08/01/1985
• Issued: 08/25/1987
• Est. Priority Date: 08/01/1984
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Filterwerk MANN & Hummel GmbH Hindenburgstrasse
• Original Assignee: FILTERWERK Mann & HUMMEL GmbH
• Inventors: Gerlach, Paul, Muller, Heinz E.
• Primary Examiner(s): Yasich, Daniel M.
• Application Number:
  US06/761,289
• Time in Patent Office: 754 Days
• Field of Search: 116/DIG. 25, 116/DIG. 42, 116/271, 116/268, 116/270, 116/293, 116/296, 73/709, 73/386, 73/744, 73/715, 55/274
• US Class Current: 116/268
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2279/60 for the intake of internal combustion engines or turbines
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 46/0086 Filter condition indicators
• CPC Class Codes: F02M 35/09 Clogging indicators ; Diagnosis or testing of air cleaners sensors therefore F02M35/10373
• CPC Class Codes: G01L 19/12 Alarms or signals

Abstract

A device for the indication of dirt accumulation on an air intake filter by measuring the negative pressure in the clean air space of the filter, the device having a spring-biased diaphragm piston driving a pointer shaft by means of a bell crank with a gear segment, the pointer shaft carrying two diametrically oppositely arranged pointers with vertical and horizontal length portions moving in axial and radial portions of a pointer gap defined between the housing cover and an indicator dial carried by the cover. A ratchet mechanism serves to retain the pointer readout by blocking return movements of the indicator mechanism, the ratchet mechanism being releasable by means of a reset button on the cover of the device. The device is calibrated by means of an adjustable bell crank spring.

Claims

1. A device for the visual indication of dirt accumulations on air intake filters of air aspirating machines in the form of a reading which reflects the negative pressure in the clean air space of the air intake filter, the device comprising in combination:

a generally pot-shaped indicator housing having a vertical center axis, a housing bottom, a housing side wall, and an open upper end;

a cap-like cover attached to the open upper end of the indicator housing, the cover having a top wall and an adjoining side wall and defining a window of transparent material occupying at least a portion of its top wall and at least a portion of its side wall;

a cap-like indicator dial having a top wall with an axially readable dial face and an adjoining side wall with a radially readable dial face, the indicator dial being attached to the inner side of the cover in a concentric, axially and radially spaced relationship thereto, so as to define an annular pointer gap between the cover and the two dial faces of the indicator dial, the pointer gap including an axial gap portion which is open to the indicator housing on its lower end and a radial gap portion which extends radially inwardly from the upper end of the axial gap portion;

a diaphragm piston arranged in the indicator housing for axial displacements along the housing center axis, the diaphragm piston dividing the interior space of the indicator housing into a negative pressure chamber between the lower side of the piston and the bottom wall of the indicator housing and a drive chamber on the upper side of the piston, the negative pressure chamber being in communication with the clean air space of the air intake filter, and the drive chamber being under atmospheric pressure;

return spring means for biasing the diaphragm piston axially upwardly, in opposition to piston displacements caused by a lowering of the pressure level in the negative pressure chamber;

a vertical indicator shaft arranged inside the indicator housing and journalled in the housing center axis;

an indicator arm attached to the indicator shaft, the indicator arm carrying a pointer which is arranged to reach into said pointer gap from its open lower end, a vertical portion of the pointer being movable in the axial gap portion, so as to produce a reading on the radially readable dial face, and an adjoining horizontal portion of the pointer being movable in the radial gap portion, so as to produce a reading on the axially readable dial face; and

drive transmission means for connecting the diaphragm piston to the indicator shaft so as to translate the axial displacements of the diaphragm piston into angular displacements of the indicator shaft and its pointers.

2. An indicator device as defined in claim 1, further comprising

means for adjusting the return spring means from outside the indicator housing.

3. An indicator device as defined in claim 1, further comprising

means for blocking return movements of the indictor shaft from a position reflecting a lower pressure level in the negative pressure chamber to a position reflecting a higher pressure level;

and

means for releasing the return movement blocking means, so as to permit a return movement of the indicator shaft.

4. An indicator device as defined in claim 1, wherein

the indicator dial has axially readable dial faces on diametrically opposite sides of the housing and angularly aligned radially readable dial faces on diametrically opposite sides of the housing center axis;

the indicator arm carries two pointers in diametrically opposite relation to the indicator shaft, the two pointers being arranged to reach into said pointer gap with parallel vertical length portions and adjoining horizontal length portions, so as to produce dual readings on the axially readable dial faces and dual readings on the radially readable dial faces.

5. An indicator device as defined in claim 4, wherein

the horizontal distance between the extremities of the two pointers is smaller than the outer diameter of the indicator dial;

the indicator dial has on its periphery two diametrically oppositely located insertion slots; and

the angular location of the insertion slots on the indicator dial corresponds to the angular position of the two pointers in the rest position of the indicator device.

6. An indicator device as defined in claim 4, wherein

the indicator dial has on its axially readable dial face two pairs of diametrically oppositely located dial fields covering substantially sector-shaped areas of said dial face, and the indicator dial has on its radially readable dial face two pairs of substantially rectangular areas in angular alignment with said sector-shaped areas, one set of said aligned pairs of dial fields being angularly larger than the other;

the set of larger dial fields is marked to indicate a range of acceptable readings and occupies a major portion of two semi-circles on opposite sides of the housing center axis, and the set of smaller dial fields is marked to indicate a range of unacceptable readings and occupies a much smaller, fractional portion of the two semi-circles;

the angular movement range of the indicator arm extends from a rest position in which the pointers are located near one angular extremity of the larger dial fields, to a maximum-deflection position in which the pointers are located within the smaller dial fields adjoining the opposite angular extremity of the larger dial fields, said maximum-deflection position reflecting a critically low pressure in the negative pressure chamber, indicative of critical dirt accumulation in the air intake filter.

7. An indicator device as defined in claim 6, wherein

said pairs of dial fields extend over substantially 360°

of the axially readable dial face and of the radially readable dial face of the indicator dial;

the pairs of larger dial fields are colored green, and the pairs of smaller dial fields are colored red; and

the window defined by the cover extends over substantially 360°

on the top wall and on the side wall of the cover.

8. An indicator device as defined in claim 1, wherein

the cover has a central axially downwardly extending hub portion;

and

the indicator dial is attached to said hub portion.

9. A device for the visual indication of dirt accumulations on air intake filters of air aspirating machines in the form of a reading which reflects the negative pressure in the clean air space of the air intake filter, the device comprising in combination:

a generally pot-shaped indicator housing having a vertical center axis, a housing bottom, a housing side wall, and an open upper end;

a cover attached to the open upper end of the indicator housing, the cover defining a window of transparent material occupying at least a portion of the surface of the cover;

an indicator dial arranged underneath the cover, at a distance therefrom, so as to define a pointer gap between the cover and the indicator dial;

a diaphragm piston arranged in the indicator housing for axial displacements along the housing center axis, the diaphragm piston dividing the interior space of the indicator housing into a negative pressure chamber between the lower side of the piston and the bottom wall of the indicator housing and a drive chamber on the upper side of the piston, the negative pressure chamber being in communication with the clean air space of the air intake filter, and the drive chamber being under atmospheric pressure;

a piston return spring of the compression spring type arranged between the diaphragm piston and the bottom wall of the indicator housing, the piston return spring biasing the diaphragm piston axially upwardly, in opposition to piston displacements produced by a lowering of the pressure level in the negative pressure chamber;

a vertical indicator shaft arranged inside the indicator housing and journalled in the housing center axis;

an indicator arm attached to the indicator shaft, the indicator arm carrying a pointer which is arranged to reach into said pointer gap;

a bell crank arranged in the drive chamber of the indicator housing on a horizontal pivot axis which is located at a lateral distance from the housing center axis, the bell crank having a long arm extending substantially vertically upwardly and a short arm extending substantially horizontally to the center of the diaphragm piston, into driving engagement with said piston;

gear teeth on the upper end of the long arm of the bell crank forming a gear segment about the bell crank pivot axis;

a pinion on the indicator shaft cooperating with the gear segment on the bell crank to translate angular displacements of the bell crank into magnified angular displacements of the indicator shaft and its pointer;

a bell crank spring biasing the bell crank in the pivoting direction towards the diaphragm piston, so as to apply to the diaphragm piston a preload which is opposed to and smaller than the bias of the piston return spring; and

means for adjusting the bell crank spring from outside the indicator housing, so as to adjust its preload on the diaphragm piston.

10. An indicator device as defined in claim 9, further comprising

means for blocking return movements of the indictor shaft from a position reflecting a lower pressure level in the negative pressure chamber to a position reflecting a higher pressure level;

and

means for releasing the return movement blocking means, so as to permit a return movement of the indicator shaft.

11. An indicator device as defined in claim 10, wherein

the return movement blocking means includes a ratchet wheel segment connected to the bell crank, the ratchet wheel segment having ratchet teeth arranged concentrically to the teeth of the gear segment;

the return movement blocking means further includes a pointed ratchet pawl on a pivot axis which is parallel to the pivot axis of the bell crank, and means for biasing the ratchet pawl towards the ratchet wheel segment, so that the point of the ratchet pawl engages a gap between two ratchet teeth, the inclination of the ratchet pawl in relation to the ratchet wheel segment being such that angular movements of the ratchet teeth past the tip of the spring-biased ratchet pawl are possible only in the direction opposite to said return movements; and

the releasing means is a pawl releasing means which includes a reset member which is accessible from outside the indicator assembly, the reset member remaining in a rest position under a biasing force, being operatively connected to the ratchet pawl in such a way that, when the reset member is actuated in opposition to said biasing force, it moves the ratchet pawl in opposition to said ratchet pawl biasing means, thereby freeing the ratchet wheel segment and the connected bell crank to execute a return movement.

12. An indicator device as defined in claim 11, wherein

the ratchet pawl biasing means includes a spring arm connected to the ratchet pawl, a distal end of the spring arm engaging a shoulder of the indicator housing under a bending preload.

13. An indicator device as defined in claim 11, wherein

the reset member of the ratchet pawl releasing means is a reset button protruding upwardly from the cover and extending downwardly into the indicator housing, the reset button being guided for vertical movements;

the ratchet pawl releasing means further includes a reset button spring as part of the release button, the reset button spring urging the release button upwardly to provide said biasing force; and

the ratchet pawl releasing means further includes a reset arm which is solidary with the ratchet pawl, the reset arm having a distal extremity cooperating with the lower extremity of the reset button in such a way that, when the reset button is pushed downwardly, in opposition to the reset button spring, it engages the reset arm, moving it and the attached ratchet pawl away from the ratchet wheel segment to free the ratchet wheel segment and the connected bell crank for the execution of a return movement.

14. An indicator device as defined in claim 10, wherein

the indicator housing has the shape of a body of rotation;

the diaphragm piston has a peripheral collar supported on its lower axial side by a housing shoulder between the housing bottom and the housing side wall;

the indicator housing includes a housing insert in the shape of a sleeve which is arranged concentrically inside the indicator housing;

the housing insert has a lower axial end face with which it abuts against the upper axial side of the peripheral collar of the diaphragm piston, so as to clampingly position the peripheral collar against the housing bottom; and

the cover cooperates with the housing insert by transmitting thereto a downward clamping force.

15. An indicator device as defined in claim 14, wherein

the housing insert has a horizontal cross member in the center of which the indicator shaft is journalled;

the housing insert has a side wall supporting the pivot axis of the bell crank;

the means for adjusting the bell crank spring is mounted in the housing insert, being accessible from outside the indicator housing through an opening in the latter; and

the means for blocking the return movements of the indicator shaft includes a ratchet wheel segment on the indicator shaft pivot shaft and a ratchet pawl on a horizontal pivot shaft which is supported by the housing insert.

16. An indicator device as defined in claim 14, wherein

the indicator housing further includes a horizontal, substantially flat intermediate cover which is retained between the housing insert and the cover.

17. An indicator device as defined in claim 9, wherein

the bell crank spring is a substantially horizontally oriented tension spring having inner and outer extremities, the inner extremity being attached to a spring arm on the bell crank pivot axis, at a point which is located vertically above the bell crank pivot;

the bell crank spring adjusting means includes a vertical bore in the indicator housing the lower end of which is open to the outside of the indicator housing and a spring adjustment pin which is rotatably received in said vertical bore, the adjustment pin carrying a horizontally extending spring arm to which the outer extremity of the bell crank spring is attached; and

the bell crank spring adjusting means further includes means for securing the spring adjustment pin in any one of a number of angular adjustment positions.

18. A device for the visual indication of dirt accumulations on air intake filters of air aspirating machines in the form of a reading which reflects the negative pressure in the clean air space of the air intake filter, the device comprising in combination:

a generally pot-shaped indicator housing having a vertical center axis, a housing bottom, a housing side wall, and an open upper end;

a sleeve-like housing insert arranged concentrically inside the indicator housing, the housing insert including a diagonal cross member;

a cap-like cover of transparent material attached to the open upper end of the indicator housing, the cover having an axially downwardly extending central hub portion;

a cap-like indicator dial having a top wall and an adjoining side wall, the indicator dial being attached to the hub portion of the cover in a concentric, axially and radially spaced relationship to the cover, so as to define an annular pointer gap between the cover and the indicator dial, the pointer gap including an axial gap portion which is open to the indicator housing on its lower end and a radial gap portion which extends radially inwardly from the upper end of the axial gap portion;

a vertical indicator shaft arranged inside the indicator housing, the upper end of the indicator shaft being journalled in the hub portion of the cover and its lower end being journalled in the cross member of the housing insert;

a horizontal indicator arm attached to the indicator shaft, the indicator arm carrying two pointers in diametrically opposite relation to the indicator shaft, the two pointers being arranged to reach upwardly into said pointer gap with parallel vertical length portions and adjoining horizontal length portions;

a diaphragm piston arranged in the indicator housing for axial displacements along the housing center axis, the diaphragm piston dividing the interior space of the indicator housing into a negative pressure chamber between the lower side of the piston and the bottom wall of the indicator housing and a drive chamber on the upper side of the piston, the negative pressure chamber being in communication with the clean air space of the air intake filter, and the drive chamber being under atmospheric pressure;

a piston return spring of the compression spring type arranged between the diaphragm piston and the bottom wall of the indicator housing, the piston return spring biasing the diaphragm piston axially upwardly, in opposition to piston displacements produced by a lowering of the pressure level in the negative pressure chamber;

a bell crank arranged in the drive chamber of the indicator housing on a horizontal pivot axis which is located at a distance from the housing center axis, the bell crank having a long arm extending substantially vertically upwardly and a short arm extending substantially horizontally to the center of the diaphragm piston and into driving engagement with said piston;

gear teeth on the upper end of the long arm of the bell crank forming a gear segment about the bell crank pivot axis;

a pinion on the indicator shaft cooperating with the gear segment on the bell crank to translate angular displacements of the bell crank into magnified angular displacements of the indicator shaft and its pointers;

a substantially horizontally oriented bell crank spring of the tension type having one extremity attached to a spring arm on the bell crank pivot axis, at a point located radially between the pivot axis and the gear segment and extending in in the same general direction as the small pivot arm of the bell crank, so as to bias the small pivot arm against the diaphragm piston and to apply to it a preload in opposition to the bias of the piston return spring;

a spring adjustment pin rotatably arranged in a vertical bore of the housing insert, the spring adjustment pin carrying a radially extending spring arm to which the other extremity of the bell crank spring is attached and including means for securing the spring adjustment pin in any one of a number of angular adjustment positions;

an opening in the wall of the indicator housing in the area of the lower extremity of the spring adjustment pin for access thereto with a pin adjustment tool;

a ratchet wheel segment connected to the bell crank, the ratchet wheel segment having ratchet teeth arranged concentrically to the teeth of the gear segment;

a pointed ratchet pawl extending downwardly from a pivot axis which is arranged parallel to and vertically above the bell crank pivot axis, on the opposite side of the housing center axis, and means for biasing the ratchet pawl towards the ratchet wheel segment, so that the point of the ratchet pawl engages a gap between two ratchet teeth at an inclination to said teeth at which angular movements of the ratchet teeth past the tip of the spring-biased ratchet pawl are possible only in a downward direction;

a reset button protruding upwardly from the cover and extending downwardly into the indicator housing, the reset button being guided for vertical movements and biased upwardly into a rest position; and

a reset arm extending horizontally from the ratchet pawl pivot axis to a point underneath the lower extremity of the reset button so that, when the reset button is depressed, it engages the reset arm, moving it and the attached ratchet pawl away from the ratchet wheel segment, thereby freeing the ratchet wheel segment and the connected bell crank for the execution of a return movement.