Local area network with self assigned address method

• US 4,689,786 A
• Filed: 03/21/1985
• Issued: 08/25/1987
• Est. Priority Date: 03/21/1985
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Apple Computer Incorporated (Apple Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Apple Computer Incorporated (Apple Inc.)
• Inventors: Sidhu, Gursharan S., Oppenheimer, Alan B., Hochsprung, Ronald R., Kenyon, Lawrence A. Jr.
• Primary Examiner(s): Olms, Douglas W.
• Application Number:
  US06/715,066
• Time in Patent Office: 887 Days
• Field of Search: 370/85, 370/86, 370/89, 370/94, 370/92, 370/60, 370/95, 340/825.5, 340/825.52
• US Class Current: 370/255
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 12/0669 with decentralised address assignment
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 12/413 with random access, e.g. carrier-sense multiple-access with collision detection [CSMA-CD]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 61/5038 for local use, e.g. in LAN or USB networks, or in a controller area network [CAN]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 61/5092 by self-assignment, e.g. picking addresses at random and testing if they are already in use

Abstract

A local area network is disclosed including apparatus and methods for transferring data between a plurality of data processing resources ("agents") coupled to a cable. In the preferred embodiment, a plurality of agents are coupled to a common cable for data transmission and reception. An agent newly coupled to the cable dynamically assigns itself a unique address on the cable to which other agents may send data. Once an agent has been assigned a final address, it may then transmit to, and receive data from, other agents on the cable. An agent desiring to send data to a receiving agent follows a three step handshake, wherein the sending agent transmits an "RTS" signal and within a predetermined time must receive a "CTS" signal from the receiving agent. The sending agent then transmits a data frame within a predetermined time after the CTS signal is received. The failure to detect a return CTS signal within the predetermined time denotes a collision condition. Re-transmission is attempted using a linear back off method which is adjusted based on previous cable traffic history.

Claims

1. An apparatus for assigning a unique address to a data processing device coupled to a communication medium to permit the transfer of data between a plurality of said agents on said medium, comprising:

transceiver means coupled to each of said agents for transmitting signals onto said medium and receiving signals transmitted on said medium by another agent;

address assignment means coupled to each of said agents to permit each of said agents to assign itself a unique address on said communication medium, said address assignment means including;

random number generating means for generating a random number within a predefined range for use as a tentative address;

address storage means coupled to said random number generating means for storing said tentative address;

first signal generation means coupled to said address storage means and said transceiver means for generating an enquiry (ENQ) signal and transmitting at least one said ENQ signal to a device having said tentative address on said communication medium;

acknowledge signal receiving means coupled to said transceiver means for receiving an acknowledge (ACK) signal transmitted by an agent other than said agent being assigned a unique address in response to its receipt of said ENQ signal, said acknowledge receiving means signalling said random number generating means to generate another random number as a tentative address upon the receipt of said ACK signal;

timing means coupled to said acknowledge signal receiving means for storing said tentative address as a final address in said address storage means in the absence of the receipt of said ACK signal within a predetermined time (IFG) after the last ENQ signal has been transmitted;

whereby said agent is assigned a unique address on said communication medium.

2. The system as defined by claim 1, wherein said first signal generation means generates and transmits a plurality of ENQ signals, each of said ENQ signals being transmitted after said IFG time has elapsed.

3. The system as defined by claim 2, wherein said timing means stores said tentative address as a final address in the absence of said ACK signal once said IFG time has elapsed after the last of said plurality of said ENQ signals have been transmitted.

4. The system as defined by claim 3, wherein said ENQ signal includes an ENQ frame having at least one synchronization flag byte having a predefined bit sequence and an ENQ byte.

5. The system as defined by claim 4, wherein said ACK signal includes an ACK frame having at least one synchronization flag byte having a predefined bit sequence and an ACK byte.

6. The system as defined by claim 5, wherein said random number generation means generates a random number in the range of 1 to 254.

7. The system as defined by claim 5, wherein said first signal generation means generates a synchronization pulse and transmits said synchronization pulse on said communication medium, said synchronization pulse transmitted prior to other signals on said medium.

8. The system as defined by claim 7, wherein said synchronization pulse preceeds said other signals by at least 2 bit times.

9. The sytem as defined by claim 7, wherein said IFG time is generally 200 microseconds.

10. The system as defined by claim 7, wherein said communicaiton medium is a twisted pair cable.

11. The system as defined by claim 10, wherein said twisted pair cable is terminated by 100 Ohm resistors.

12. The system as defined by claim 7, wherein said signals on said communication medium are transmitted using FM-0 encoding.

13. In a communication system for transferring data between a plurality of devices, a method used by each of said agents for assigning itself a unique address on said communication system, comprising the steps of:

generating a random number within a predetermined range for use as a tentative address;

storing said tentative address in storage means;

generating an enquiry (ENQ) signal and transmitting said ENQ signal to a device having said tentative address on said communication system;

sensing said communication medium for the reception of an acknowledge (ACK) signal transmitted by an agent other than said agent being assigned a unique address in response to its receipt of said ENQ signal, and upon sensing said ACK signal generating another random number for use as an alternate tentative address;

storing said tentative address as a final address in said storage means in the absence of the receipt of said ACK signal within a predetermined time (IFG) after the transmission of said ENQ signal;

whereby an agent is assigned a unique address on said communication system.

14. The method as defined by claim 13, wherein said generating step generates and transmits a plurality of ENQ signals, each of said ENQ signals being transmitted after said IFG time has elapsed in the absence of the receipt of an ACK signal.

15. The method as defined by claim 14, wherein said tentative address is stored as a final address in the absence of an ACK signal once said IFG time has elapsed after the last of said plurality ENQ signals have been transmitted.

16. The method as defined by claim 15, further including the step of generating a synchronization pulse and transmitting said synchronization pulse on said communication medium, said synchronization pulse being transmitted prior to other signals on said medium.

17. The method as defined by claim 16, wherein said ENQ signal includes an ENQ frame having at least one synchronization flag byte having a predefined bit sequence and an ENQ byte.

18. The method an defined by claim 17, wherein said ACK signal includes an ACK frame having at least one synchronization flag byte having a predefined bit sequence and an ACK byte.

19. The method as defined by claim 18, wherein said random number is in the range of 1 to 256.