Waveform normalizer for electronic musical instrument

• US 4,691,608 A
• Filed: 09/22/1986
• Issued: 09/08/1987
• Est. Priority Date: 09/30/1985
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Casio Computer Company Limited
• Original Assignee: Casio Computer Company Limited
• Inventors: Sasaki, Hiroyuki, Hanzawa, Kohtaro
• Primary Examiner(s): Grimley, Arthur T.
• Assistant Examiner(s): WARREN, DAVID S
• Application Number:
  US06/910,207
• Time in Patent Office: 351 Days
• Field of Search: 84/1.26, 84/1.01, 84/10.3, 84/DIG. 9, 84/1.04, 84/1.19, 84/1.20, 84/1.21, 84/1.11, 84/1.12, 84/1.13, 84/1.16, 330/279, 330/129
• US Class Current: 84/603
• CPC Class Codes: G10H 2250/645 Waveform scaling, i.e. amplitude value normalisation
• CPC Class Codes: G10H 7/002 using a common processing for different operations or calculations, and a set of microinstructions (programme) to control the sequence thereof

Abstract

A CPU reads out sampled waveform data stored in a waveform memory and detects a peak value of the read-out data for each predetermined block using working registers, thereby obtaining an interpolated envelope curve. The CPU then divides the sampled waveform data by the interpolated envelope curve to obtain a normalized sound waveform without any envelope in an original sound signal.

Claims

1. A waveform normalizer for an electronic musical instrument, in which an input waveform signal is converted into a digital signal, stored in waveform memory means and converted into a sound signal having a designated frequency, comprising:

envelope extracting means for extracting an envelope signal from said input waveform signal;

normalization processing means for normalizing said input waveform signal according to an envelope signal extracted from said envelope extracting means to obtain a normalized waveform signal; and

control means for causing said normalized waveform signal obtained from said normalization processing means to be supplied to and stored in said waveform memory means.

2. The waveform normalizer for an electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein:

said envelope extracting means includes detecting means for dividing said input waveform signal into a plurality of blocks and progressively detecting an address corresponding to a maximum absolute value of said input waveform signal in each said block and said maximum value; and

said normalization processing means includes calculating means for removing the envelope of said input waveform signal through normalization of said input waveform signal from said maximum value and said corresponding address for each said block detected by said detecting means.

3. A waveform normalizer for an electronic musical instrument according to claim 2, wherein:

said detecting means includes interpolated envelope value calculating means for calculating an interpolated envelope value from said maximum value and said corresponding address for each said block; and

said calculating means includes sample value calculating means for calculating each sample value of a normalized waveform signal from said interpolated envelope value calculated by said interpolated envelope value calculating means and each sample value of said input waveform signal.

4. The waveform normalizer for an electronic musical instrument according to claim 3, wherein:

said interpolated envelope value calculating means calculates an interpolated envelope value eV on the basis of an equation

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">eV=mdt.sub.bl-1 +(mad.sub.bl-1 -ad)×

{(mdt.sub.bl -mdt.sub.bl-1)/(mad.sub.bl -mad.sub.bl-1)}

where bl is a block number, mdt is a maximum value in a pertinent block, mad is an address corresponding to said maximum value, and ad is an address corresponding to a sample value of said input waveform signal; and

said sample value calculating means calculates a sample value Dt of said normalized waveform signal on the basis of an equation

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">Dt=MV×

dt/eV

where dt is a sample value of said input waveform signal before said normalization, and MV is a level value to be normalized.

5. The waveform normalizer for an electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein said normalization processing means progressively calculates the ratio of the level of an envelope signal extracted by said envelope extracting means to the waveform level of said input waveform signal to obtain a uniform level independent of the level of said envelope signal as a waveform level of said input waveform signal, thereby obtaining said normalized waveform signal.

6. The waveform normalizer for an electronic musical instrument according to claim 5, wherein said normalization processing means includes means for progressively calculating on real time the ratio of the waveform level of said input waveform signal to the level of an envelope signal from said normalization processing means.

7. A waveform processing apparatus comprising:

waveform memory means for digitally storing an input waveform signal;

first means for dividing a waveform signal stored in said waveform memory means into a plurality of blocks and calculating an envelope signal for each said block by reading out said stored waveform signal for each said block;

envelope memory means for storing said envelope signal calculated by said first means; and

second means for removing the envelope of said input waveform signal by normalizing said stored waveform signal in said waveform memory means according to said envelope signal stored in said envelope memory means.

8. The waveform signal processing apparatus according to claim 7, wherein said first means calculates said envelope signal for each said block by detecting the maximum absolute value of said stored waveform signal in said waveform memory means for each said block.

9. The waveform signal processing apparatus according to claim 7, wherein said first means calculates said envelope signal for each block of said stored waveform signal in said waveform memory means by detecting the maximum value of said waveform signal for each said block.

10. A waveform signal processing apparatus comprising:

waveform memory means for digitally storing an input waveform signal;

detecting means for dividing a waveform signal stored in said waveform memory means into a plurality of blocks and progressively detecting an address corresponding to a maximum absolute value of the waveform signal in each said block and said maximum value by reading out said stored waveform signal for each said block;

maximum value/address storing means for storing said maximum value and said corresponding address for each said block detected by said detecting means; and

calculating means for removing the envelope of said input waveform signal by normalizing said stored waveform signal in said waveform memory means from said maximum value and said corresponding address for each said block stored in said maximum value/address memory means.

11. The waveform signal processing apparatus according to claim 10, wherein said calculating means includes:

interpolated envelope value calculating means for calculating an interpolated envelope value from said maximum value and said corresponding address for each said block stored in said maximum value/address memory means; and

envelope normalizing means for calculating each sample value of the normalized waveform signal from said interpolated envelope value calculated from said interpolated envelope value calculating means and each sample value of said stored waveform signal in said waveform memory means.

12. The waveform signal processing apparatus according to claim 11, wherein:

said interpolated envelope value calculating means calculates an interpolated envelope value eV on the basis of an equation

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">eV=mdt.sub.bl-1 +(mad.sub.bl-1 -ad)×

{(mdt.sub.bl -mdt.sub.bl-1)/(mad.sub.bl -mad.sub.bl-1)}

where bl is a block number, mdt is a maximum value in a pertinent block, mad is an address corresponding to said maximum value, and ad is an address corresponding to a sample value of said input waveform signal; and

said envelope normalization processing means calculates a sample value Dt of said normalized waveform signal on the basis of an equation

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">Dt=MV×

dt/eV

where dt is a sample value of said input waveform signal before said normalization, and MV is a level value to be normalized.

13. An electronic musical instrument with a sampling function, comprising:

sampling means for sampling an input waveform signal;

waveform memory means for storing sampled waveform signal sampled by said sampling means as a digital signal;

waveform memory read/write circuit means for controlling the reading and writing of data with respect to said waveform memory means;

a central processing unit for receiving data stored in said waveform memory means and causing said received data to be subjected to a predetermined processing and then stored again in said waveform memory means;

D/A conversion means for receiving said stored waveform signal progressively read out from said waveform memory means at a rate designated by said waveform memory read/write circuit means; and

a sound system for generating a sound signal according to the output of said D/A conversion means;

said central processing unit executing;

a first step for dividing said waveform signal read out from said waveform memory means into a plurality of blocks and calculating an envelope signal for each said block; and

a second step for normalizing said waveform signal stored in said waveform memory according to said envelope signal calculated in said first step and storing said normalized waveform signal again in said waveform memory means.

14. An electronic musical instrument with a sampling function, comprising:

waveform detecting means for detecting the waveform of an externally supplied tone by detecting the level of said waveform;

envelope detecting means for detecting the envelope level of said externally supplied tone;

calculating means for providing a waveform having a uniform level independent of the envelope level from said envelope detecting means as a waveform level of said externally supplied tone through progressive real time calculation of the ratio of the waveform level from said waveform detecting means to said envelope level from said envelope detecting means; and

waveform memory means for storing said waveform calculated by said calculating means.

15. An electronic musical instrument with a sampling function according to claim 14, wherein said envelope detecting means detects an envelope level from a maximum value of the waveform level of the externally supplied tone for each predetermined interval of time.

16. The electronic musical instrument with a sampling function according to claim 14, wherein said envelope detecting means detects the envelope level from the maximum absolute value of the waveform level of the externally supplied tone for every predetermined interval of time.

17. The electronic musical instrument with a sampling function according to claim 14, wherein said calculating means includes dividing means for dividing the waveform level from said waveform detecting means by an envelope level detected by said envelope detecting means to thereby obtain said waveform.

18. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 17, wherein said dividing means consists of a shift circuit.

19. The electronic musical instrument with a sampling function according to claim 14, wherein said envelope detecting means includes:

a latch circuit;

a comparator circuit for comparing a waveform level signal having been stored in said latch circuit and a waveform level signal supplied at present;

means for changing the data in said latch circuit to said waveform level signal supplied at present when it is detected by said comparator circuit that said waveform level signal supplied at present is greater than said waveform level signal having been stored in said latch circuit; and

means for extracting data in said latch circuit as said envelope level for a predetermined period of time for each said predetermined period of time and initializing said latch circuit.