Energy management system

• US 4,695,738 A
• Filed: 09/30/1985
• Issued: 09/22/1987
• Est. Priority Date: 09/30/1985
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Daniel Wilmot
• Original Assignee: Daniel Wilmot
• Inventors: Wilmot, Daniel
• Primary Examiner(s): Shoop, Jr., William M.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Logan, Sharon D.
• Application Number:
  US06/781,946
• Time in Patent Office: 722 Days
• Field of Search: 307/31, 307/32, 307/38, 307/39, 307/41, 307/34, 307/35, 361/166, 361/167, 361/170, 361/191
• US Class Current: 307/31
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2310/60 Limiting power consumption in the network or in one section of the network, e.g. load shedding or peak shaving
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/14 by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/3225 Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 20/222 Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving

Abstract

An energy management system for controlling a plurality of electrical loads having assigned priorities of use employs electronic relays to sense the flow of current in the loads. Signals from the electronic relays are used by power relays or by a combination of control relays and power relays to disable selected electrical loads. An additional control relay can be employed to prevent disabling of a selected load. A repeat cycle time delay relay can be employed to alternate disabling of selected loads.

Claims

1. An energy management system for controlling a plurality of electrical loads, the electrical loads having first, second, and third priorities of use, respectively, comprising:

first sensing means for sensing currenrt flow in the first electrical load and for providing an output signal in response thereto;

second sensing means for sensing current flow in the first electrical load or the second electrical load and for providing an output signalin response thereto;

first interrupting means for interrupting current flow in the second electrical load, the first interrupting means being electrically connected to the first sensing means and being actuated upon receiving an output signal from the first sensing means;

second interrupting means for interrupting current flow in the third electrical load, the second interrupting means being electrically connected to the second sensing means and being actuated upon receiving an output signal from the second sensing means; and

a step-down transformer, the output side of the transformer being electrically connected to each of the sensing means and the interrupting means.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the first and second sensing means are electronic relays.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein the first and second interrupting means are relays.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein the first electrical load is as conventional home range, the second electrical load is a conventional home clothes dryer, and the third electrical load is a conventional home water heater.

5. An energy management system for controlling a plurality of electrical loads, each load being assigned a priority of use, comprising:

first sensing means in the form of an electronic relay for sensing current flow in the first electrical load and for providing an output signal in response thereto;

second sensing means in the form of an electronic relay for sensing current flow in the second electrical load and for providing an output signal in response thereto;

third sensing means in the form of an electronic relay for sensing current flow in the third electrical load and for providing an output signal in response thereto;

first control means for receiving an output signal from the first sensing means and for providing an output signal in response thereto;

second control means for receiving an output signal from the second sensing means and for providing an output signal in response thereto;

third control means for receiving an output signal from the third sensing means and for providing an output signal in response thereto;

first interrupting means for interrupting current flow in the second electrical load, the first interrupting means being electrically connected to the first control means and being uutuated upon receiving an output signal from the first control means;

second interrupting means for interrupting current flow in the third electrical load, the third interrupting means being electrically connected to both the first and second control means and being actuated upon receiving an output signal from either the first or second control means;

third interrupting means for interrupting current flow in the fourth electrical load, the third interrupting means being electrically connected to the first, second, and third control means and being actuated upon receiving an output signal from any one of the first, second, or third control means;

the first, second, and third control menas being in the form of relays having coils in series with their associated sensing means and having normally open contacts in series with their associated interrupting means;

the first, second, and third interrupting means being in the form of relays having coils in series with the contacts of their associated control relays and having normally closed contacts in series with their associated electrical loads; and

a step-down transformer, the control means being connected across the output side of the transformer, and the interrupting means being connected across the input side of the transformer.

6. The system of claim 5, further including a manually operated control means electrically connected to a predetermined interrupting means for disabling operation of the predetermined interrupting means.

7. The system of claim 6, further including signal means for alerting the operator that the manually operated control means has been actuated.

8. The system of claim 5, wherein the first electrical load is a conventional home range, the second electrical load is a conventional home clothes dryer, the third electrical load is a conventional home water heater, and the fourth electrical load is a conventional home furnace.

9. The system of claim 5, further including repeat cycle time delay means for interrupting current flow alternately in predetermined electrical loads, the repeat cycle time delay means being electrically connected to the control means associated with the predetermined electrical loads and being actuated upon receiving an output signal from the control means associated with the predetermined electrical loads.

10. The system of claim 9 wherein the repeat cycle time delay means is a relay having its coil in series with the control means associated with the predetermined electrical loads and having contacts in series with the predetermined electrical loads, the contacts being alternately opened and closed upon activation of the repeat cycle time delay relay coil.

11. An energy management system for controlling a plurality of electrical loads, the electrical loads having first, second, third, and fourth priorities of use, respectively, comprising:

a first current sensor for sensing current flow in the first electrical load and for providing an output signal in response thereto;

a second current sensor for sensing current flow in the second electrical load and for providing an output signal in response thereto;

a third current sensor for sensing current flow in the third electrical load and for providing an output signal in response thereto;

a first control relay, the coil of the first control relay being actuated upon receiving an ouptut signal from the first current sensor, the first control relay further including three pairs of normally open contacts;

a second control relay, the second control relay receiving the output signal from the second current sensor, the second control relay further including two pairs of normally open contacts;

a third control relay, the third control relay receiving the output signal of the third current sensor, the third control relay further including a pair of normally open contacts;

a first power relay, the coil of the first power relay being connected in series with one of the normally open contacts of the first control relay, the first power relay including a pair of normally closed contacts in series with the second electrical load;

a second power relay, the second power relay being connected in series with normally open contacts of the first and second control relays, the second power relay having a pair of normally closed contacts in series with the third electrical load; and

a third power relay, the third power relay being connected in series with normally open contacts of the first, second, and third power relays, the third control relay having a pair of normally closed contacts in series with the fourth electrical load.

12. The system of claim 11, further comprising a fourth control relay, the coil of the fourth control relay being in series with a manually operated, normally open switch, the fourth control relay having a pair of normally closed contacts in series with the coil of the third power relay.

13. The sytem of claim 12, wherein:

the fourth control relay includes a pair of normally open contacts in parallel with the coil of the fourth control relay, the normally open contacts being electrically connected to one side of the coil of the fourth control relay; and

a manually operated, normally closed switch is in series with the coil of the fourth control relay.

14. The system of claim 11, wherein the first electrical load is a conventional home range, the second electrical load is a conventional home clothes dryer, the third electrical load is a conventional home water heater, and the fourth electrical load is a conventional home electric furnace.

15. The system of claim 11, further comprising:

a fourth power relay, the fourth power relay including normally closed contacts in series with a fifth electrical load; and

a repeat cycle time delay control relay, the repeat cycle time delay control relay having a coil connected in parallel with the contacts from the first, second, and third control relays, the repeat cycle time delay control relay having a pair of contacts, one of which is in series with the coil of the third power relay, and the other of which is in series with the coil of the fourth power relay, the contacts of the repeat cycle time delay relay being opened and closed alternately upon activation of the repeat cycle time delay relay coil.

16. The system of claim 15, wherein the first electrical load is a conventional home range, the second electrical load is a conventional home clothes dryer, the third electrical load is a conventional home water heater, the fourth electrical load is a portion of the heating circuitry of a conventional home electric furnace, and the fifth electrical load is the remaining portion of the heating circuitry of the electric furnace.