Process for smoothing the curves generated in a television scanning system

• US 4,698,768 A
• Filed: 01/30/1984
• Issued: 10/06/1987
• Est. Priority Date: 03/28/1980
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Societe Francaise D'Equipements Pour La Navigation Aerienne
• Original Assignee: Sfena Societe Francaise D'Equipements Pour La Navigation Aerienne
• Inventors: Vanypre, Dominique, Thuy, Pham D.
• Primary Examiner(s): Krass, Errol A.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Herndon, H. R.
• Application Number:
  US06/575,166
• Time in Patent Office: 1,345 Days
• Field of Search: 364/518, 364/521, 364/519, 178/18, 178/19, 250/202, 250/211.5, 250/678, 340/146.3, 340/703, 340/727, 340/728, 340/744, 340/731
• US Class Current: 345/442
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 5/20 Function-generator circuits, e.g. circle generators line or curve smoothing circuits

Abstract

A process for smoothing curves, comprising previous storage of a predetered number of patterns formed from at least two adjacent pixels disposed on the same line or in the same column, step-by-step calculation of the theoretical curve to be plotted, determination for each of the pitches of the pixel closest to the theoretical curve to be plotted, measurement of the distance e from this pixel to the theoretical curve, determination as a function of this distance e of the pattern which corresponds to the elementary position of the curve to be plotted and illumination of the pattern on a visualization surface.

Claims

1. A process for plotting, from a theoretical curve, a corresponding curve with smoothing on a visualization surface of a visualization module, said visualization surface being divided into pixels in a first mesh network with given pitch, by causing, through scanning, the illumination of a number of pixels whose position is determined so as to obtain the form of the theoretical curve to be plotted, this process comprising the following steps:

previous storage of a predetermined number of patterns formed from at least two adjacent pixels disposed in the same line or in the same column, and each representing an elementary curve portion, these patterns being addressable as a function of the position in the pattern of said theoretical curve,

determination, by an incremental procedure, of the set of points best following said theoretical curve in a second mesh network,

determination of the closest pixels of said visualization surface to said determined points,

measurement of the distance e from each of said closest pixels to said theoretical curve,

determination, as a function of this distance e, of the pattern whose elementary curve portion corresponds to that of said theoretical curve to be plotted, and

illumination of said pattern on said visualization surface.

2. The process as claimed in claim 1, wherein all the patterns have the same total luminance value.

3. The process as claimed in claim 1, in which said determination of the pattern whose elementary curve portion corresponds to that of said theoretical curve to be plotted comprises:

previous storage of reference values h₁ . . . h_n representative of successive fractions of the pitch of said first mesh network,

determination of the position of the value e with respect to said reference value, and

determination of the pattern which corresponds to said position.

4. The process as claimed in claim 3, wherein three patterns a, b, c, are used each formed from a pair of adjacent pixels, the position of the elementary curve portion of pattern a being central, whereas the positions of the elementary curve portions of patterns b and c are offset with respect to said central portion and wherein pattern a is applied when the value e satisfies the relationship (h₁ <

e<

h₂) or (h₃ <

e<

h₄), pattern b is applied when the value e satisfies the relationship (0<

e≦

h₃) and pattern c is applied when the value e satisfies the relationship (h₂ ≦

e≦

0) with (h₁ <

h₂ <

0<

h₃ <

h₄).

5. The process as claimed in claim 3, wherein four patterns d, e'"'"', f, g are used each formed by three aligned pixels, the position of the elementary curve portion of pattern d being central, the positions of the elementary curve portions of patterns e'"'"' and f being intermediate and the position of the elementary curve portion of pattern g being at the end and wherein the pattern d is applied when the value of e satisfies the relationship (h₅ ≦

e≦

h₆) or (h₇ <

e≦

h₈), pattern f is applied when the value of e satisfies the relationship (h₉ ≦

e≦

h₅), pattern e'"'"' is applied when the value of e satisfies the relationship (h₈ <

e≦

h₉) and pattern g is applied when the value of e satisfies the relationship (h₁₀ <

e<

h₉) with (h₅ <

h₆ <

h₇ <

h₈ <

h₉ <

h₁₀).

6. The process as claimed in claim 1 for smoothing a curve for equation F(x,y)=0, by an incremental procedure by determining, from the contact elements of the ends of the curve, the discrete set (xi, yi) of the points best following said curve in a mesh network with a finite number of lines and columns, whose pitch is reduced to a fraction of the pitch of the first mesh network of the visualization surface, this process comprising the following steps:

calculation of the partial derivatives of the function at the point marking the beginning of the curve with coordinates x=x_D, y=y_D,

determination of the horizontal and vertical character of the pattern to be applied depending on the sign of the first derivatives Fx, Fy and on the sign of the difference between the absolute values of FX and FY,

determination of an octant change,

testing for the end of the curve for algorithm termination,

determination of a new point incremented by Δ

x, -Δ

x, Δ

y or -Δ

y equal in absolute value to the reduced pitch depending on the octant and on the sign of the function F(x,y),

updating F(x,y) and said partial derivatives at the new point obtained on the reduced pitch mesh network,

depending on whether the pattern to be applied is vertical or horizontal, detection of the passage of x or y to a whole value,

in the case where y is whole, determination of a pattern as a function of the value e which is substantially equal to the value of the fractional part of x and illumination of the corresponding pattern,

in the case where x is whole, determination of a pattern as a function of the value e which is substantially equal to the value of the fractional part of y and illumination of the corresponding pattern, and

repetititon of the procedure from said detection of the change of octant once a pattern has been illuminated.

7. The process as claimed in claim 6, wherein, in the case where the variable y is whole, determination of a pattern as a function of the value e is obtained by means of truth table, from the sign of the derivative ∂

F(x,y)/∂

y and from the sign of the function F at the point considered, illumination of this pattern taking place at the point (x'"'"', y), x'"'"' being determined by a truth table as a function of the derivative ∂

F(x,y)/∂

y and of the sign of F(x,y), and wherein, in the case where the variable x is whole, determination of a pattern as a function of the value e is obtained by means of a truth table, from the sign of the derivative ∂

F(x,y)/∂

x and from the sign of the function F at the point considered, illumination of this pattern taking place at the point (x,y'"'"'), y'"'"' being determined by means of a truth table as a function of the derivative ∂

F(x,y)/∂

x and of the sign of F(x,y).

8. The process as claimed in claim 1 for plotting on a visualization surface having a first color C_n, a curve having a second color C_o, and an area adjacent to said curve and extending on both sides thereof, said area having several intermediate colors between said first and second colors, wherein said patterns are formed from at least two adjacent pixels each having one of said first, second and intermediate colors.

9. The process as claimed in claim 8, wherein said intermediate colors are taken from the color C_n, C_o joining said first and second colors in a uniform color space.

10. The process as claimed in claim 9, wherein the distance between two successive colors C_o, C₁ . . . C_n on said segment is constant.

11. The process as claimed in claim 9, in which said color space comprises three primary colors, and said first, second and intermediate colors being carried out by adding these primary colors.

12. The process as claimed in claim 11, wherein determination of the color of a pixel of a pattern close to the curve is obtained by applying to this pixel a reconstruction filter and calculating, by a convolution between the curve to be plotted and the filter, the contribution of the curve to this pixel through the filter, so as to deduce therefrom the color to be attributed to the pixel for regenerating the effect produced by the curve passing close to this pixel.

13. The process as claimed in claim 12, wherein the color C_p of the pixel is determined by the equation:

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">C.sub.p =C.sub.f +K(d,h) (C.sub.t -C.sub.f)

in which equation;

C_f is said first color,

C_t is the line color, and

K(d,h) is a variable whose value for a curve of given thickness depends on the reconstruction filter, on the distance d of the pixel to the curve and on the thickness of the curve.

14. The process as claimed in claim 13, wherein the variable K(d,h) is determined by a table of truth providing, for each of the pixels forming a pattern, the value of K(d,h) as a function of the value e for determining this pattern.