Bitmapped graphics workstation

• US 4,700,320 A
• Filed: 07/09/1985
• Issued: 10/13/1987
• Est. Priority Date: 07/09/1985
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Bell Telephone Laboratories, Inc. (Nokia Corporation)
• Original Assignee: American Telephone & Telegraph Company (AT&T, Inc.)
• Inventors: Kapur, Rajan N.
• Primary Examiner(s): Gruber, Felix D.
• Assistant Examiner(s): HERNDON, HEATHER R
• Application Number:
  US06/753,271
• Time in Patent Office: 826 Days
• Field of Search: 364/518, 364/521, 364/522, 340/720, 340/723, 340/724, 340/729, 340/730, 340/731, 340/734, 340/747
• US Class Current: 715/807
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 5/14 Display of multiple viewports

Abstract

A bitmapped graphics workstation comprising a host computer, window managing circuitry, a display memory, visual display device and multiplexing circuitry connecting the display memory to the display device. The window managing circuitry allows the display memory to be partitioned into plural individually contiguous bitmaps, each corresponding to a different displayed window. The window managing circuitry is divided into a common control section and individual window sections corresponding to each window that may be defined. The host computer writes data describing the parameters of each defined window into the individual window managing circuits. It also stores data to be displayed in the windows (including hidden data) in appropriate addresses of each of the bitmaps. As the display device is refreshed, the common and the window circuits of the manager cooperate to select window "winners", i.e., the foremost window at each pixel of the screen. The appropriate contents of the bitmap corresponding to the winner at any given time is read under control of the winning window circuit sent to the display device via the multiplexing circuitry.

Claims

1. A bitmapped graphics workstation comprising

a host processor, a visual output display device having a raster scanned display screen, and means for defining a plurality of independent window areas on the screen and for controlling the display of data in each of the windows, said means for defining and controlling further comprising

a plurality of bitmap storage areas each having contiguous storage words addressable by the host processor for storing display data associated with a different said window,

means for storing definitions of window boundaries on the screen,

means responsive to the window definition storing means for determining when the screen raster is refreshing an area of the screen associated with a defined window,

means responsive to the determining means for identifying a highest priority window at the location of the raster,

means activated by the identifying means for retrieving display data from one of the bitmap storage areas associated with the highest priority window at a generated address thereof corresponding to the screen position of the raster,

means for reading the data at the generated address, and

means for transmitting the retrieved display data to the display device in synchronism with the raster.

2. The invention of claim 1 in which the identifying means further comprises

means for storing an individual depth indication for each defined window identifying a conceptual layer on the screen for the window,

means for identifying from the stored depth indications a winning window, if any, having the highest depth priority at every display entity on the screen, and

means responsive to the winner identifying means for retrieving display data for the screen display entity from the bitmap associated with the winning window.

3. The invention of claim 2 further comprising

first access means for allowing the host processor to write display data into the bitmaps.

4. The invention of claim 3 further comprising

second access means for allowing the host processor to write window defining data into the window boundary storing means.

5. The invention of claim 4 further comprising

means for modulating into the display data sent to the display device signals for creating a background stipple pattern for the windows.

6. The invention of claim 5 further comprising

means for specifying individual stipple patterns for each window.

7. The invention of claim 6 wherein the stipple specifying means further comprises

means for storing individual stipple pattern indications for each window.

8. The invention of claim 7 further comprising

third access means for allowing the host processor to write data into the stipple pattern storing means.

9. The invention of claim 1 wherein the window boundary storing means further comprise

means for storing data representing screen coordinate positions which define the position of the associated window on the screen, and

the highest priority window identifying means further comprises

first counter means for identifying the horizontal position of the raster on the screen,

second counter means for identifying the vertical position of the raster on the screen,

means for comparing the window coordinate data with the contents of the first and second counters, and

means responsive to the comparing means for generating in window signals.

10. The invention of claim 9 wherein a said bitmap address identifies a bitmap word of display data of a prescribed width and wherein the first counter means identifies a horizontal position on a scan line of the display device that is an integer subdivision of the prescribed width of a said word.

11. The invention of claim 1 wherein the bitmap address generating means further comprises

first means for storing an address of a bitmap word associated with the beginning of the associated window on the screen when scanned from top-to-bottom and left-to-right,

second means for storing a bitmap address offset value representing the bitmap address distance between the right vertical edge of the associated window in one scan line on the screen and the beginning of the left vertical edge of the window in the next consecutive scan line of the screen,

third means for storing a bitmap address corresponding to the last word in the bitmap containing data associated with the window,

fourth means for storing a bitmap address identifying the first word in the bitmap associated with the window,

fifth means for storing a present bitmap address,

means for incrementing the contents of the fifth storing means in synchronism with movement of the raster,

means for gating the contents of the first storing means into the fifth storing means when the window is initially entered on each screen refresh,

means for adding the contents of the second storing means to the contents of the fifth storing means when the window is exited at the right vertical edge, and

means for gating the contents of the fourth storing means into the fifth storing means when the present bitmap address equals the contents of the third storing means.

12. A bitmapped graphics workstation comprising

a host processor,

a visual output display device having a raster scanned display screen, and

means for defining a plurality of independent display windows on the screen and for controlling the display of data in each of the windows, said means for defining and controlling further comprising

a common circuit connected to a plurality of individual window circuits,

the common circuit including a plurality of bitmaps individually associated with the window circuits,

and the window circuits each including

means for storing prescribed types of data defining a window

means responsive to the window defining data and to screen synchronization signals for detecting when the screen raster is in a window on the screen, and

means responsive to the window defining data to the "in window" detecting means and to the synchronization signals for generating addresses in the bitmap associated with the window and corresponding to the position of the screen raster,

and wherein the common circuit further comprises

means for retrieving screen display data from the bitmaps responsive to the addresses from the individual window circuits, and

means for transmitting the retrieved data serially to the display device in synchronization with the screen raster.

13. The invention of claim 12 in which each window circuit further comprises

means for storing an individual depth indication identifying a conceptual layer on the screen for its associated window, and

means in the "in window" detecting means for transmitting the depth indication to the common circuit when the screen raster is inside the screen window, wherein the common circuit further comprises

means for identifying from the depth indications received from the window circuits a winning window, if any, having the highest depth priority at every display entity on the screen, and

means for transmitting an indication of the winning window to the window circuits.

14. The invention of claim 13 wherein the "in window" detecting means further comprises

means for determining from the winning window indication whether or not this window circuit is associated with the winning window.

15. The invention of claim 14 in which the bitmap address generating means further comprises

means responsive to a signal from the determining means for activating the bitmap address generation means.

16. The invention of claim 15 further comprising

first access means for allowing the host processor to write display data into the bitmaps.

17. The invention of claim 16 further comprising

second access means for allowing the host processor to write window defining data into the window defining storing means.

18. The invention of claim 17 further comprising

means for modulating into the display data sent to the display device signals for creating a background stipple pattern for the windows.

19. The invention of claim 18 further comprising

means for specifying individual stipple patterns for each window.

20. The invention of claim 19 wherein the stipple specifying means further comprises

means for storing individual stipple pattern indications for each window.

21. The invention of claim 20 further comprising

third access means for allowing the host processor to write data into the stipple pattern storing means.

22. The invention of claim 12 wherein the means for "in window" detection further comprise

means for storing data representing screen coordinate positions which define the position of the associated window on the screen,

first counter means for identifying the horizontal position of the raster on the screen,

second counter means for identifying the vertical position of the raster on the screen,

means for comparing the window coordinate data with the contents of the first and second counters, and

means responsive to the comparing means for generating "in window" signals.

23. The invention of claim 12 wherein the bitmap address generating means further comprises

first means for storing an address of a bitmap word associated with the beginning of the associated window on the screen when scanned from top-to-bottom and left-to-right,

second means for storing a bitmap address offset value representing the bitmap address distance between the right vertical edge of the associated window in one scan line on the screen and the beginning of the left vertical edge of the window in the next consecutive scan line of the screen,

third means for storing a bitmap address corresponding to the last word in the bitmap containing data associated with the window,

fourth means for storing a bitmap address identifying the first word in the bitmap associated with the window, fifth means for storing a present bitmap address,

means for incrementing the contents of the fifth storing means in synchronism with movement of the raster,

means for gating the contents of the first storing means into the fifth storing means when the window is initially entered on each screen refresh,

means for adding the contents of the second storing means to the contents of the fifth storing means when the window is exited at the right vertical edge, and

means for gating the contents of the fourth storing means into the fifth storing means when the present bitmap address equals the contents of the third storing means.

24. An integrated semiconductor circuit for interfacing with a host processor, and

a visual output display device having a raster scanned display screen, said circuit comprising

means for defining a plurality of independent window areas on the screen and for controlling the display of data in each of the windows, said means for defining and controlling further comprising

a plurality of bitmap storage areas each having contiguous storage words addressable by the host processor for storing display data associated with a different said window,

means for storing definitions of window boundaries on the screen,

means responsive to the window defining means for identifying when the screen raster is refreshing an area of the screen associated with a defined window,

means activated by the identifying means for retrieving display data from one of the bitmap storage areas associated with the window at locations thereof corresponding to the screen position of the raster, and

means for transmitting the retrieved display data to the display device in synchronism with the raster.

25. The invention of claim 24 in which the defining and controlling means further comprises

means for storing an individual depth indication for each defined window identifying a conceptual layer on the screen for the window,

means for identifying from the stored depth indications a winning window, if any, having the highest depth priority at every display entity on the screen, and

means responsive to the winner identifying means for retrieving display data for the screen display entity from the bitmap associated with the winning window.

26. The invention of claim 25 in which the means for retrieving display data from the bitmaps further comprises

means responsive to the window defining means for generating an address in the winning window bitmap associated with the screen display entity.

27. The invention of claim 26 further comprising

first access means for allowing the host processor to write display data into the bitmaps.

28. The invention of claim 27 further comprising

second access means for allowing the host processor to write window defining data into the window boundary storing means.

29. The invention of claim 28 further comprising

means for modulating into the display data sent to the display device signals for creating a background stipple pattern for the windows.

30. The invention of claim 29 further comprising

means for specifying individual stipple patterns for each window.

31. The invention of claim 30 wherein the stipple specifying means further comprises

means for storing individual stipple pattern indications for each window.

32. The invention of claim 31 further comprising

third access means for allowing the host processor to write data into the stipple pattern storing means.

33. The invention of claim 24 wherein the means for "in window" detection further comprise

means for storing data representing screen coordinate positions which define the position of the associated window on the screen,

first counter means for identifying the horizontal position of the raster on the screen,

second counter means for identifying the vertical position of the raster on the screen,

means for comparing the window coordinate data with the contents of the first and second counters, and

means responsive to the comparing means for generating "in window" signals.

34. The invention of claim 24 wherein the bitmap address generating means further comprises

first means for storing an address of a bitmap word associated with the beginning of the associated window on the screen when scanned from top-to-bottom and left-to-right,

second means for storing a bitmap address offset value representing the bitmap address distance between the right vertical edge of the associated window in one scan line on the screen and the beginning of the left vertical edge of the window in the next consecutive scan line of the screen,

third means for storing a bitmap address corresponding to the last word in the bitmap containing data associated with the window,

fourth means for storing a bitmap address identifying the first word in the bitmap associated with the window,

fifth means for storing a present bitmap address,

means for incrementing the contents of the fifth storing means in synchronism with movement of the rester.

means for gating the contents of the first storing means into the fifth storing means when the window is initially entered on each screen refresh,

means for adding the contents of the second storing means to the contents of the fifth storing means when the window is exited at the right vertical edge, and

means for gating the contents of the fourth storing means into the fifth stroing means when the present bitmap address equals the contents of the third storing means.

35. An integrated semiconductor circuit for interiacing with a host processor, and

a visual output display device having a raster scanned display screen, said circuit comprising

means for defining a plurality of independent display windows on the screen and for controlling the display of data in each of the windows, said means for defining and controlling further comprising

a common circuit connected to a plurality of individual window circuits,

the common circuit including a plurality of bitmaps individually associated with the window circuits,

and the window circuits each including

means for storing prescribed types of data defining a window

means responsive to the window defining data and to screen synchronization signals for detecting when the screen raster is in an associated window on the screen, and

means responsive to the window defining data, to the "in window" detecting means and to the synchronization signals for generating addresses in the bitmap corresponding to the position of the screen raster.

36. The invention of claim 35 in which each window circuit further comprises

means for storing an individual depth indication identifying a conceptual layer on the screen for its associated window, and

means in the "in window" detecting means for transmitting the depth indication to the common circuit when the screen raster is inside the screen window, wherein the common circuit further comprises

means for identifying from the depth indications received from the window circuits a winning window, if any, having the highest depth priority at every display entity on the screen, and

means for transmitting an indication of the winning window to the window circuits.

37. The invention of claim 36 wherein the "in window" detecting means further comprises

means for determining from the winning window indication whether or not this window circuit is associated with the winning window.

38. The invention of claim 37 in which the bitmap address generating means further comprises

means responsive to a signal from the determining means for activating the bitmap address generation means.

39. The invention of claim 38 further comprising

first access means for allowing the host processor to write display data into the bitmaps.

40. The invention of claim 39 further comprising

second access means for allowing the host processor to write window defining data into the window defining storing means.

41. The invention of claim 40 further comprising

means for modulating into the display data sent to the display device signals for creating a background stipple pattern for the windows.

42. The invention of claim 41 further comprising

means for specifying individual stipple patterns for each window.

43. The invention of claim 42 wherein the stipple specifying means further comprises

means for storing individual stipple pattern indications for each window.

44. The invention of claim 43 further comprising

third access means for allowing the host processor to write data into the stipple pattern storing means.

45. The invention of claim 35 wherein the means for "in window" detection further comprise

means for storing data representing screen coordinate positions which define the position of the associated window on the screen,

first counter means for identifying the horizontal position of the raster on the screen,

second counter means for identifying the vertical position of the raster on the screen,

means for comparing the window coordinate data with the contents of the first and second counters, and

means responsive to the comparing means for generating "in window" signals.

46. The invention of claim 35 wherein the bitmap address generating means further comprises

first means for storing an address of a bitmap word associated with the beginning of the associated window on the screen when scanned from top-to-bottom and left-to-right.

second means for storing a bitmap address offset value representing the bitmap address distance between the right vertical edge of the associated window in one scan line on the screen and the beginning of the left vertical edge of the window in the next consecutive scan line of the screen,

third means for storing a bitmap address corresponding to the last word in the bitmap containing data associated with the window,

fourth means for storing a bitmap address identifying the first word in the bitmap associated with the window,

fifth means for storing a present bitmap address,

means for incrementing the contents of the fifth storing means in synchronism with movement of the raster,

means for gating the contents of the first storing means into the fifth storing means when the window is initially entered on each screen refresh,

means for adding the contents of the second storing means to the contents of the fifth storing means when the window is exited at the right vertical edge, and

means for gating the contents of the fourth storing means into the fifth storing means when the present bitmap address equals the contents of the third storing means.