Touch position sensitive optical waveguides

• US 4,701,017 A
• Filed: 03/03/1986
• Issued: 10/20/1987
• Est. Priority Date: 03/03/1986
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: The Dow Chemical Company (Dow, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Dow, Inc.
• Inventors: Reese, Herschel H., Gutek, Beth I., Kookootsedes, Gust J., Pretzer, Gale H.
• Primary Examiner(s): LEE, JOHN D
• Application Number:
  US06/835,507
• Time in Patent Office: 596 Days
• Field of Search: 350/96.11, 350/96.12, 350/96.13, 350/96.14, 350/96.15, 350/96.29, 350/96.30, 350/96.34, 428/425.5, 428/429, 428/447, 428/448, 525/477, 525/478, 528/15, 528/31, 528/32
• US Class Current: 385/141
• CPC Class Codes: C08G 77/12 containing silicon bound to hydrogen C08G77/045 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: C08G 77/18 to alkoxy or aryloxy groups
• CPC Class Codes: C08G 77/20 containing silicon bound to unsaturated aliphatic groups C08G77/045 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: C08G 77/458 containing polyurethane sequences
• CPC Class Codes: C08L 83/00 Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
• CPC Class Codes: C08L 83/04 Polysiloxanes
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/042 by opto-electronic means
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0421 by interrupting or reflecting a light beam, e.g. optical touch-screen
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31598 Next to silicon-containing [silicone, cement, etc.] layer
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31612 As silicone, silane or siloxane
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31663 As siloxane, silicone or silane

Abstract

Touch position sensitive optical waveguides comprise a layer of optically transparent polyorganosiloxane elastomer exhibiting a hardness of up to 100 on the Shore 00 scale. The elastomer layer is the product of a hydrosilation reaction and at least one surface of the layer bears a dirt- and puncture-resistant coating formed from a polyurethane, a polyorganosiloxane or an organosiloxane/urethane copolymer. The compressability, compressive strength and resiliency of the waveguide are within specified limits.

Claims

1. A transparent touch position sensitive optical waveguide exhibiting a thickness of at least 2.5 mm and consisting essentially of a layer of cured, fracture resistant, resin reinforced polyorganosiloxane elastomer having two substantially parallel major surfaces, at least one of which is bonded to a dirt- and puncture resistant coating, where said elastomer exhibits a hardness of from 0, measured using the Shore 00 durometer scale, to a value of 10, measured using the Shore A durometer scale, and is the product of a hydrosilation reaction between the ingredients of a composition comprising:

A. at least one liquid polydiorganosiloxane exhibiting a viscosity of from 0.1 to 40 Pa.s at 25°

C. and containing either a vinyl radical or a silicon-bonded hydrogen atom at each of the two terminal positions;

B. an amount of an organosiloxane crosslinking agent sufficient to produce said elastomer by a hydrosilation reaction between said crosslinking agent and the other ingredients of said composition;

C. from 5 to about 40 percent, based on the total weight of said composition, of a benzene soluble resinous copolymer comprising triorganosiloxy units of the general formula R"₃ SiO_1/2, diorganovinylsiloxy units of the general formula CH₂ ═

CH(R'"'"'")₂ SiO_1/2, and SiO₂ units, where R" and R'"'"'" are individually monovalent hydrocarbon or halohydrocarbon radicals containing from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms and free of ethylenic unsaturation, the molar ratio of combined triorganosiloxy units and diorganovinylsiloxy units to SiO₂ units is from 0.7 to 1.2 and said copolymer contains from 0.1 to 8 weight percent of silicon-bonded vinyl radicals; and

D. a platinum-containing hydrosilation catalyst in an amount sufficient to cure said composition to said elastomer;

where the molar ratio of silicon-bonded hydrogen atoms to vinyl radicals in said composition does not exceed 1;

1, said coating is formed from a polymeric material selected from the group consisting of (a) polyurethanes derived from aromatic, aliphatic or cycolaliphatic diisocyanates and organic polyols, (b) polyorganosiloxane and (c) block copolymers comprising (1) repeating units of a polyurethane and (2) up to 50 mole percent, based on total repeating units in said block copolymer, of diorganosiloxane units; and

where a coated surface of said waveguide resists fracturing under a force of 5 kilograms applied using a 1.6 cm.-diameter sphere the compressibility at any point on a coated surface of the waveguide is such that the force required to depress said surface a distance of 1 mm is no greater than 200 grams applied using a 1.6 cm.- diameter sphere, and the waveguide recovers at least 95% of its initial thickness within one second after being compressed up to 50% of its initial thickness for a period of up to one minute.

2. A waveguide according to claim 1 wherein said polydiorganosiloxane is represented by the general formula ##STR2## where R represents a monovalent hydrocarbon radical or a monovalent halohydrocarbon radical, G represents hydrogen or a vinyl radical, and n represents a degree of polymerization equivalent to a viscosity of from 0.1 to about 40 Pa.s at 25°

C. and the crosslinking agent comprises an organohydrogensiloxane containing an average of at least three silicon-bonded hydrogen atoms per molecule.

3. A waveguide according to claim 2 where G is vinyl, R represents a monovalent hydrocarbon radical containing from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, said organohydrogensiloxane contains at least three repeating units per molecule that are selected from the group consisting of HSiO₁.5, R'"'"'HSiO and R'"'"'₂ HSiO₀.5, where R'"'"' represents a monovalent hydrocarbon radical containing from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, any remaining repeating units are selected from the group consisting of monoorganosiloxane, diorganosiloxane, triorganosiloxy and SiO₂, and the molar ratio of vinyl radicals to silicon-bonded hydrogen atoms in said composition is at least 2:

1.

4. A waveguide according to claim 3 where said composition exhibits a viscosity of up to 100 Pa.s at 25°

C., and R, R'"'"', R" and R'"'"'" are methyl, phenyl or 3,3,3-trifluoropropyl.

5. A waveguide according to claim 4 where R, R'"'"', R" and R'"'"'" are methyl, the crosslinking agent comprises a dimethylsiloxy/methylhydrogensiloxy copolymer containing an average of from 10 to 50 repeating units and from 3 to 5 silicon-bonded hydrogen atoms per molecule, the composition includes a dimethylhydrogensiloxy terminated polydimethylsiloxane containing an average of from 10 to 50 repeating units per molecule and providing from about 10 up to 85 mole percent of the silicon-bonded hydrogen atoms present in said composition, the molar ratio of vinyl radicals to silicon-bonded hydrogen atoms present in said composition is from 2:

1 to 4;

1, said platinum-containing hydrosilation catalyst is a reaction product of hexachloroplatinic acid and a vinyl containing organosiloxane compound, and said coating is formed from a polyurethane derived from an aromatic diisocyanate.

6. A waveguide according to claim 5 where said composition contains two of said liquid polydiorganosiloxanes, the first of which exhibits a viscosity of from 0.1 to 3 Pa.s at 25°

C. and the second of which exhibits a viscosity of from 20 to 40 Pa.s at 25°

C., said dimethylhydrogensiloxy terminated polydimethylsiloxane contains from 30 to 70 mole percent of the silicon-bonded hydrogen atoms present in said composition and said coating is a preformed film of said polyurethane.

7. A waveguide according to claim 6 where said composition contains a platinum catalyst inhibitor.

8. A waveguide according to claim 7 where said platinum catalyst inhibitor is an acetylenic alcohol.

9. A waveguide according to claim 6 where said film has been bonded to said elastomer using a primer selected from the group consisting of polyorganohydrogensiloxanes, copolymers containing diorganosiloxane and organohydrogensiloxane units and silanes containing at least two alkoxy groups per molecule.

10. A waveguide according to claim 6 where the elastomer exposed at the perimeter of the waveguide is rendered dirt resistant by reaction with at least one organosilicon compound.

11. A waveguide according to claim 10 where said organosilicon compound is a copolymer consisting essentially of diorganosiloxane and organohydrogensiloxane units and said reaction is carried out in the presence of a platinum-containing hydrosilation catalyst.

12. A waveguide according to claim 6 in the form of a touch position sensitive screen for use in conjunction with a synchronized light source.