Data communication method and apparatus using multiple physical data links

• US 4,703,475 A
• Filed: 12/04/1985
• Issued: 10/27/1987
• Est. Priority Date: 12/04/1985
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Bell Telephone Laboratories, Inc. (Nokia Corporation)
• Original Assignee: American Telephone & Telegraph Company (AT&T, Inc.)
• Inventors: Quan, Zoe S., Schreiner, Philip A., Dretzka, Ellen E.
• Primary Examiner(s): NOT, DEFINED
• Assistant Examiner(s): Scutch, III, Frank M.
• Application Number:
  US06/805,304
• Time in Patent Office: 692 Days
• Field of Search: 370/60, 370/94, 370/110.1, 370/99
• US Class Current: 370/394
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 69/14 Multichannel or multilink protocols
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 69/324 in the data link layer [OSI layer 2], e.g. HDLC
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 9/40 Network security protocols

Abstract

A multi-link interprocessor communication protocol that allows a pair of processors to increase the speed of their communication by using multiple physical links in parallel. When a message is sent from one processor to another, the message is packetized into smaller segments and loaded onto the available physical links according to a simple algorithm. The individual packets are received at the other end, their accurate transmission verified, and the received packets are then reassembled in the proper order. Packets of one or more messages to the same destination can go over the same physical link, or over different physical links; that is, there is no association of any message to any particular physical communication link. Packets received out of order on a per logical channel basis are stored until a correct sequence of packets is received after which their transmission to the message destination is effected. The reordering of packets is accomplished using a multi-link header advantageously comprising only a single byte.

Claims

1. A method of conveying information via a plurality of logical channels from a source to a destination having multiple physical links interposed therebetween, said method comprising

packetizing said information into a plurality of packets each including therein a definition of one of said logical channels and a definition of a logical channel sequence number with respect to the defined logical channel,

transmitting said plurality of packets over said links in such manner that ones of the packets defining the same logical channel are transmittable over different ones of said links,

separating a plurality of packets received on said links, according to logical channels defined therein, and

communicating said separated packets to said destination in a defined ordered sequence according to logical channel sequence numbers defined therein, and

wherein said communicating step comprises communicating said separated packets receivable from said links in an ordered sequence different from said defined ordered sequence.

2. A method in accordance with claim 1 wherein said communicating step comprises

transmitting to said destination, each of said separated packets received in said defined ordered sequence,

storing any of said separated packets received out of said defined ordered sequence, and

transmitting to said destination, previously stored packets which are now transmittable in said defined ordered sequence.

3. A method for the transmission of an information message via a plurality of logical channels from a source having multiple physical links extended therefrom, said method comprising

packetizing said information message into a plurality of packets each including therein a definition of one of said logical channels and a definition of a logical channel sequence number with respect to the defined logical channel, and

assigning said plurality of packets for transmission over said links in such manner that ones of the packets defining the same logical channel are transmittable over different ones of said links.

4. A method of processing packetized information received in a plurality of logical channels on multiple physical links, said method comprising

separating packets received from said links according to logical channels defined within said received packets, and

ordering said separated packets in a defined sequence according to logical channel sequence numbers within said separated packets.

5. A method in accordance with claim 4 further comprising

transmitting to a destination, each of said separated packets received in said defined sequence,

storing any of said separated packets received out of said defined sequence, and

transmitting to said destination, previously stored packets which are now transmittable in said defined sequence.

6. A method of conveying information from a source to a destination having multiple physical links interposed therebetween, said method comprising

assigning a message to be transmitted by said source, to one of a plurality of logical channels,

packetizing said message into a plurality of packets each having a header defining the logical channel assigned to said message,

adding a second header defining a logical channel sequence number to each of the packets of said message,

transmitting the packets of said message over said links in such manner that ones of the packets of said message are transmittable over different ones of said links,

monitoring each of said links for the receipt of packets,

transmitting to said destination, each of the packets of said message received on said links in sequence on a per logical channel basis as defined by the logical channel sequence numbers included in those packets,

storing any packets of said message received on said links out of sequence on a per logical channel basis as defined by the logical channel sequence numbers included in those packets, and

transmitting to said destination any previously stored packets of said message which, from a given packet of said message transmitted to said destination, complete a consecutive sequence of packets of said message.

7. A method in accordance with claim 6 wherein said second header comprises at most one byte.

8. A method in accordance with claim 6 wherein said assigned message includes a message sequence number, and wherein one of said plurality of packets is defined as the last packet of said message, said method further comprising

detecting the receipt from said links of the last packet of said message, and

determining whether the message sequence number of said message is within an allowable range of message sequence numbers.

9. A method in accordance with claim 6 wherein said transmitting the packets of said message over said links step comprises

assigning the packets of said message to available ones of said links and

transmitting each of the packets of said message on its assigned link,

wherein said second header further defines a link sequence number for each packet transmitted on a given one of said links, and wherein said monitoring step comprises

determining whether the packets received on each of said links are in order on a per link basis as defined by the link sequence numbers included in those packets.

10. A method in accordance with claim 9 wherein said second header comprises at most one byte.

11. In a multi-layer communication system having a plurality of logical channels and having multiple physical communication links, said system comprising at the transmitting end

a packet layer for dividing source information into packets each defining one of said logical channels, and

multiple link layers each associated with one of said links for receiving packets from said transmitting end packet layer and enclosing the received packets in frames for transmission over the associated link;

and

said system comprising at the receiving end

multiple link layers each associated with one of said links for receiving frames from the associated link and extracting packets therefrom and,

a packet layer for receiving packets from said receiving end link layers to reform said source information at the receiving end,

a method of conveying said source information comprising

including a logical channel sequence number in each packet passed from said transmitting end packet layer to said transmitting end link layers and

ordering on a per logical channel basis based on logical channel sequence numbers, the packets passed from said receiving end link layers to said receiving end packet layer.

12. A method in accordance with claim 11 wherein said system further comprises at the transmitting end

a session layer for passing messages, comprising source information and including message sequence numbers, to said transmitting end packet layer,

said system further comprising at the receiving end

a session layer for receiving messages comprising packets passed from said receiving end packet layer,

and wherein said method further comprises

determining whether the message sequence numbers of the messages received by said receiving end session layer are within an allowable range of message sequence numbers.

13. A method in accordance with claim 11 further comprising

including a link sequence number in each packet passed from said transmitting end packet layer to each one of said transmitting end link layers, and

determining whether the packets extracted by each of said receiving end link layers are in order as defined by the link sequence numbers included in those packets.

14. An arrangement for conveying information via a plurality of logical channels from a source to a destination having multiple physical links interposed therebetween, said arrangement comprising

means for packetizing said information into a plurality of packets each including therein a definition of one of said logical channels and a definition of a logical channel sequence number with respect to the defined logical channel,

means for transmitting said plurality of packets over said links with ones of the packets defining the same logical channel being transmittable over different ones of said links,

means for receiving a plurality of packets on said links,

means for separating said received packets according to the logical channels defined therein, and

means cooperating with said separating means for ordering the separated packets according to the logical channel sequence numbers defined therein.

15. An arrangement in accordance with claim 14 further comprising

means responsive to the ordering of said separated packets for transmitting the ordered packets of each logical channel to said destination.

16. An arrangement in accordance with claim 14 further comprising

means for transmitting to said destination, each of said separated packets received in sequence on a per logical channel basis as defined by the logical channel sequence numbers included in those packets,

means for storing any of said separated packets that were received out of sequence on a per logical channel basis as defined by the logical channel sequence numbers included in those packets, and

means for transmitting to said destination, previously stored packets which are now transmittable in sequence on a per logical channel basis as defined by the logical channel sequence numbers included in those packets.

17. An arrangement for the transmission of information via a plurality of logical channels from a source having multiple physical links extended therefrom, said arrangement comprising

means for packetizing said information into a plurality of packets each including therein a definition of one of said logical channels and a definition of a logical channel sequence number with respect to the defined logical channel and

means for assigning said plurality of packets for transmission over said links in such manner that ones of the packets defining the same logical channel are transmittable over different ones of said links.

18. An arrangement for processing packetized information received in a plurality of logical channels on multiple physical links, said arrangement comprising

means for separating packets received from said links according to logical channels defined within said received packets, and

means for ordering said separated packets in a defined sequence according to logical channel sequence numbers defined within said separated packets.

19. An arrangement in accordance with claim 18 further comprising

means responsive to the ordering of said separated packets for transmitting the ordered packets of each logical channel to a destination.

20. An arrangement in accordance with claim 19 further comprising

means for transmitting to said destination, each of said separated packets received in sequence on a per logical channel basis as defined by logical channel sequence numbers included in those packets,

means for storing any of said separated packets received out of sequence on a per logical channel basis as defined by logical channel sequence numbers included in those packets and

means for transmitting to said destination, previously stored packets which are now transmittable in sequence on a per logical channel basis as defined by the logical channel sequence numbers included in those packets.

21. A switching arrangement comprising

first switching means comprising first means for establishing switched-connections between a first plurality of ports and between said first plurality of ports and at least one outlet connected to an inter-module connection arrangement, and first control means for controlling said first establishing means,

second switching means comprising second means for establishing switched-connections between a second plurality of ports and between said second plurality of ports and at least one outlet connected to said intermodule connection arrangement, and second control means for controlling said second establishing means, and

a plurality of physical links interconnecting said first and second control means

wherein said first switching means further comprises

means for packetizing information into a plurality of packets each including therein a definition of one of a plurality of logical channels and a definition of a logical channel sequence number with respect to the defined logical channel,

means for transmitting said plurality of packets over said links with ones of the packets defining the same logical channel being transmittable over different ones of said links, and

wherein said second switching means further comprises

means for receiving a plurality of packets on said links, and

means for separating said received packets according to the logical channels defined therein, and

wherein said second control means is responsive to packets received in at least one of said logical channels for controlling said second establishing means.

22. A switching arrangement in accordance with claim 21 wherein said second switching means further comprises

means for packetizing information into a second plurality of packets each including a definition of a second plurality of logical channels and a definition of a logical channel sequence number with respect to the defined logical channel,

means for transmitting said second plurality of packets over said links with ones of the packets defining the same logical channel being transmittable over different ones of said links, and

wherein said first switching means further comprises

means for receiving a plurality of packets on said links, and

means for separating said packets received by said receiving means of said first switching means according to the logical channels defined therein, and

wherein said first control means is responsive to packets received in at least one of said second plurality of logical channels for controlling said first establishing means.

23. A program-controlled digital switching system having a plurality of remote switching modules and having an inter-processor packetized communication arrangement for communication among said remote switching modules used for conveying information via a plurality of logical channels from one remote switching module to another remote switching module having multiple physical data links interposed therebetween, said arrangement comprising in said one remote switching module,

means for packetizing said information into a plurality of packets each including therein a definition of one of said logical channels and a definition of a logical channel sequence number with respect to the defined logical channel,

and said arrangement comprising in said another remote switching module,

means for receiving a plurality of packets on said links,

means for separating said received packets according to the logical channels defined therein and

means cooperating with said separating means for ordering the separated packets according to the logical channel sequence numbers defined therein.

24. A method of processing a plurality of packets for transmission over multiple physical data links comprising

assigning said plurality of packets for transmission over said links, wherein each of said plurality of packets includes therein a definition of one of said logical channels and a definition of a logical channel sequence number with respect to the defined logical channel, and

communicating said assigned packets to selectable ones of said links.

25. A method of conveying units of information from a source to a destination having multiple physical links interposed therebetween, said method comprising

packetizing said units of information into a plurality of packets each including therein a definition of a unit identification and a definition of a packet sequence number with respect to the defined unit identification,

transmitting said plurality of packets over said links in such manner that ones of the packets included in the same unit of information are transmittable over different ones of said links,

separating a plurality of packets received on said links, according to the unit identifications defined therein, and

communicating said separated packets to said destination in a defined ordered sequence according to packet sequence numbers defined therein, and

wherein said communicating step comprises communicating said separated packets receivable from said links in an ordered sequence different from said defined ordered sequence.

26. A method in accordance with claim 25 wherein said communicating step comprises

transmitting to said destination, each of said separated packets received in said defined ordered sequence,

storing any of said separated packets received out of said defined ordered sequence, and

transmitting to said destination, previously stored packets which are now transmittable in said defined ordered sequence.

27. A method for the transmission of units of information from a source having multiple physical links extended therefrom, said method comprising

packetizing said units of information into a plurality of packets each including therein a definition of a unit identification and a definition of a packet sequence number with respect to the defined unit identification, and

assigning said plurality of packets for transmission over said links in such manner that ones of the packets included in the same unit of information are transmittable over different ones of said links.

28. A method of processing packetized information received on multiple physical links, said method comprising

separating packets received from said links according to unit identifications defined within said received packets, and

ordering said separated packets in a defined sequence according to packet sequence numbers within said separated packets.

29. A method in accordance with claim 28 further comprising

transmitting to a destination, each of said separated packets received in said defined sequence,

storing any of said separated packets received out of said defined sequence, and

transmitting to said destination, previously stored packets which are now transmittable in said defined sequence.

30. An arrangement for conveying units of information from a source to a destination having multiple physical links interposed therebetween, said arrangement comprising

means for packetizing said units of information into a plurality of packets each including therein a definition of a unit identification and a definition of a packet sequence number with respect to the defined unit identification,

means for transmitting said plurality of packets over said links with ones of the packets included in the same unit of information being transmittable over different ones of said links,

means for receiving a plurality of packets on said links,

means for separating said received packets according to the unit identifications defined therein, and

means cooperating with said separating means for ordering the separated packets according to the packet sequence numbers defined therein.

31. An arrangement for the transmission of units of information from a source having multiple physical links extended therefrom, said arrangement comprising

means for packetizing said units of information into a plurality of packets each including therein a definition of a unit identification and a definition of a packet sequence number with respect to the defined unit identification and

means for assigning said plurality of packets for transmission over said links in such manner that ones of the packets included in the same unit of information are transmittable over different ones of said links.

32. An arrangement for processing packetized information received on multiple physical links, said arrangement comprising

means for separating packets received from said links according to unit identifications defined within said received packets, and

means for ordering said separated packets in a defined sequence according to packet sequence numbers defined within said separated packets.