Method and system for detecting an object with a radio wave

• US 4,706,031 A
• Filed: 04/01/1985
• Issued: 11/10/1987
• Est. Priority Date: 03/30/1984
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Hitachi, Ltd.
• Original Assignee: Hitachi, Ltd.
• Inventors: Hiramoto, Kazuo, Takahashi, Fuminobu, Nishi, Masatsugu, Sonoda, Shinji, Michiguchi, Yoshihiro
• Primary Examiner(s): Eisenzopf, Reinhard J.
• Assistant Examiner(s): EDMONDS, WARREN
• Application Number:
  US06/718,390
• Time in Patent Office: 953 Days
• Field of Search: 324/330, 324/332, 324/334, 324/337, 324/338, 324/344, 324/233, 324/58.5 B, 343/719, 343/459, 250/222.1, 342/22, 342/127, 342/27, 342/55, 342/118, 342/123, 342/124, 342/177, 342/179, 342/181
• US Class Current: 324/337
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 13/0209 Systems with very large relative bandwidth, i.e. larger than 10 %, e.g. baseband, pulse, carrier-free, ultrawideband
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 13/885 for ground probing prospecting or detecting using electromagnetic waves G01V3/12
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 13/89 for mapping or imaging
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/411 Identification of targets based on measurements of radar reflectivity G01S7/415 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01V 3/12 operating with electromagnetic waves operating with millimetre waves G01V8/005

Abstract

Method and apparatus for detecting an object by using a radio wave which is radiated by an antenna toward the object to be detected. An echo wave of the radio wave reflected from the object is received by the antenna. On the basis of phase difference between the transmitted waveform and the received waveform, material of the object is discriminatively identified. The object is displayed as an image on a display unit.

Claims

1. A method of detecting of detecting location, shape and material of an object, comprising the steps of:

radiating a radio wave toward an object;

receiving an echo wave of said radio wave reflected from said object to detect an intensity of said echo wave;

comparing a phase of the radiated radio wave with that of said echo wave to detect a phase difference between said radiated wave and said echo wave; and

displaying on a display unit the location and shape of the object on the basis of the intensity of said echo wave and displaying on said display unit the material of said object on the basis of said phase difference between said radiated wave and said echo wave.

2. A method according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of radio waves having different frequencies are radiated toward the object, and said phase difference is obtained for each of said radio waves of different frequencies.

3. A method according to claim 1, wherein at the step of receiving the echo wave, only the echo is detected tht makes appearance within a predetermined time interval after lapse of a preset time from the transmission of said radio wave.

4. A method according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of radio wave having different phases are radiated toward the object, and said phase difference is obtained for each of said radio waves having different phases.

5. A method according to claim 1, wherein the step of radiating the radio wave toward said object includes a step of transmitting the radio wave from a plurality of positions to receive the echo waves resulting from the radio waves reflected from said object, and said phase difference is a obtained for said echo waves.

6. A method according to claim 1, wherein said step of displaying image includes a step of controlling the display intensity of said display unit in dependence on said phase difference between said echo and said radiated radio wave.

7. A method according to claim 2, wherein the step of displaying includes a step of displaying an image on said display unit when a difference in phase deviation of said echo wave between said radio waves of different frequencies lies within a range of preset values.

8. A method according to claim 1, wherein said step of displaying includes a step of displaying an image in different colors in dependence on phase difference between said radio wave radiated toward said object and said echo wave reflected from said object.

9. A method according to claim 5, wherein said image displaying step includes a first step of arithmetically determining a distance to said object on the basis of the time elapsed from radiation of said radio wave to reception of said echo wave, a second step of plotting a first arc having a radius corresponding to said distance and indicated in correspondence with the intensity of said echo wave;

a third step of plotting other arcs on both sides of sid first arc in the radial direction, said other arcs being indicated in correspondence with intensities smaller than the intensity of said echo wave by a predetermined value, and a step of repeating execution of said first to third sub-steps for each of said plural positions by scanning with said radio wave and adding the intensities of the arcs intersecting one another independence on the number of intersections, and a step of displaying as the image on said display unit only those intersections for which the value of said added intensities is greater than a predetermined value.

10. A system for detecting location, shape and material of an object, comprising:

means for radiating a radio wave toward an object;

means for detecting an echo wave of said radio wave reflected from said object to detect an intensity of said echo wave;

phase difference for comparing a phase of said radiated radio wave with that of said echo wave to detect a phase difference between said radiated wave and said echo wave; and

means for displaying on a display unit the location and shape of said object on the basis of the intensity of said echo wave, and for displaying on said display unit the material of said object on the basis of said phase difference between said radiated wave and said echo wave.

11. A system for detecting an object according to claim 10, wherein said phase information extracting means determines whether said echo wave is in positive phase or negative phase relative to said radiated radio wave to thereby supply outputs which differ in dependence on positive and negative phases to said image displaying means.

12. A system for detecting an object according to claim 10, wherein said means for radiating the radio wave toward said object emits a plurality of radio waves of frequences differing from one another, said phase difference means comparing said radio waves of different frequencies with the echo waves having correspondingly different frequencies and producing outuputs to said display unit which outputs differ from each other in dependence on whether differences in phase deviation of said echo waves among said radio waves of different frequencies are within a range of predetermined values.