System for identification of cells by electrophoresis
First Claim
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1. An electrophoretic method for identifying cells comprising the steps of:
- (a) simultaneously performing on an electrophoretic film, multiple electrophoretic separations on a sample from a control, a standard population of cells, and at least one sample from an unknown population of cells each of the samples containing a least some electrophoretically separable substances which are characteristic of all the cells;
(b) developing the electrophoretic separations of control, standard, and unknown cells with regard to an electrophoretically separable, characteristic substance;
(c) comparing the developed separations for the control and standard samples to determine the range of separation for the characteristic substance under the conditions used; and
(d) based on the range of separation so determined, comparing the separations for the unknown and standard samples to identify the unknown cells.
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Abstract
Cells are identified electrophoretically through isoenzyme analysis. The use of standard and control cells allows semi-skilled workers to achieve reproducible results. A coding sequence is assigned to the cels to be identified using a grid to interpret the electrophoretic separations observed on a series of electrophoretic films, each film being developed for a particular isoenzyme. Comparison of the coding sequence with a compendium of coding sequences for known cells identifies the cells to be identified.
73 Citations
38 Claims
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1. An electrophoretic method for identifying cells comprising the steps of:
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(a) simultaneously performing on an electrophoretic film, multiple electrophoretic separations on a sample from a control, a standard population of cells, and at least one sample from an unknown population of cells each of the samples containing a least some electrophoretically separable substances which are characteristic of all the cells; (b) developing the electrophoretic separations of control, standard, and unknown cells with regard to an electrophoretically separable, characteristic substance; (c) comparing the developed separations for the control and standard samples to determine the range of separation for the characteristic substance under the conditions used; and (d) based on the range of separation so determined, comparing the separations for the unknown and standard samples to identify the unknown cells. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14)
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15. A method for identifying cells comprising the steps of:
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(a) electrophoretically separating extracts from standard cells, control cells and the unknown cells to be identified simultaneously on separate tracks of an electrophoretic film; (b) developing the electrophoretic film with regard to a first preselected electrophoretically separable characteristic substance using a reagent specific for that substance to produce a pattern of one or more bands of an insoluble product in each track for which the substance is present in the extract, the pattern, where present, being indicative of the extent of electrophoretic migration of the first preselected substance for the standard, control, and unknown cells; (c) interpreting the developed electrophoretic film by reference to a grid having a plurality of spaced lines thereon and having a sequence of symbols associated with the lines, the interpretation occurring by aligning the film with the grid by reference to the developed pattern in the track for the standard cells and determining by reference to the grid first and second symbols corresponding to the developed patterns in the tracks for the extracts from the control cells and the unknown cells, respectively; (d) recording the first and second symbols so determined at first and second locations, respectively, on a data sheet; (e) repeating steps a, b, c, and d for a predetermined number of additional electrophoretically separable characteristic substances, the symbols determined for these substances being recorded on the data sheet at predetermined locations located relative to the first and second locations to form a first coding sequence for the control cells and a second coding sequence for the unknown cells; (f) comparing the coding sequence for the the control cells with a reference coding sequence for those cells to determine whether the electrophoretic separations have been performed properly; and (g) for properly performed separations, comparing the coding sequence for the unknown cells with a compendium of predetermined coding sequences for known cells to identify the unknown cells. - View Dependent Claims (16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24)
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25. A system for identifying cells electrophoretically comprising:
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(a) extracts from a standard and a control cells; (b) an extract from an unknown cells; (c) a set of reagents for developing characteristic substances in electrophoretic separations of the standard, control, and unknown cells, each reagent being identified by a code distinct from the codes used for each other reagent, the number of reagents being chosen to permit characterization of the unknown cells; (d) a set of electrophoretic films having means for receiving samples from the extracts of the standard, control, and unknown cells, the films being identified by the codes used for the reagents, one code for each film; (e) an electrophoretic device; and (f) means for interpreting the electrophoretic films including means for compiling a sequence of symbols indicative of the separation achieved for the developed characteristic substances of the unknown cells. - View Dependent Claims (26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38)
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Specification