Sensor having ion-selective electrodes
First Claim
1. A sensor for the potentiometric determination of the activity of an ion or other concentration of a component in a sample, the ion being selected from the group consisting of hydrogen ions, potassium ions, sodium ions, chloride ions, ammonium ions, carbonate ions, bicarbonate ions, and calcium ions, the sensor comprising:
- a. a frame having an upper section and a lower section, each section having at least two openings therethrough and grooves in the mating surfaces thereof between the openings, the upper section and the lower section mating in such a relationship that the holes in the two sections are aligned and the grooves in the mating surfaces are aligned to form internal channels between the openings;
b. ion selective electrodes in the openings, each electrode being comprised of;
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Abstract
A sensor and a method are disclosed for the potentiometric determination of the ion content or activity of a sample and the concentration of other components (e.g., glucose, urea, triglycerides, enzymes, drugs) of a sample. The sensor comprises ion-selective electrodes which are held in a frame and have porous material between them; the porous material provides a means to establish ionic flow between the electrodes. Each ion-selective electrode is comprised of a membrane which is selectively permeable to the ion or other substance whose activity or concentration is being determined; a reference electrode; and an internal reference material.
145 Citations
15 Claims
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1. A sensor for the potentiometric determination of the activity of an ion or other concentration of a component in a sample, the ion being selected from the group consisting of hydrogen ions, potassium ions, sodium ions, chloride ions, ammonium ions, carbonate ions, bicarbonate ions, and calcium ions, the sensor comprising:
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a. a frame having an upper section and a lower section, each section having at least two openings therethrough and grooves in the mating surfaces thereof between the openings, the upper section and the lower section mating in such a relationship that the holes in the two sections are aligned and the grooves in the mating surfaces are aligned to form internal channels between the openings; b. ion selective electrodes in the openings, each electrode being comprised of; - View Dependent Claims (3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 15)
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2. an ion selective membrane which is comprised of an ionophore selective for the ion whose activity is to be determined;
- a thermoplastic resin or a plastic; and
a plasticizer;2. a reference electrode; and 3. an internal reference material having a known concentration of the ion whose activity is to be determined; c. retainer means for securing the ion selective membranes in the openings; and d. porous material in the spaces between the openings in the sensor frame, the porous material, when conductive, providing ionic flow between the ion selective electrodes in the openings.
- a thermoplastic resin or a plastic; and
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12. A sensor for the potentiometric determination of the activity in a sample of an enzyme which catalyzes a reaction which results in a change in ionic activity of the sample or the concentration in a sample of a component which is a substrate for an enzymatic reaction which results in a change in ionic activity of the sample, the sensor comprising:
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a. a frame having an upper section and a lower section, each section having at least two openings therethrough and grooves in the mating surfaces thereof between the openings, the upper section and the lower section mating in such a relationship that the holes in the two sections are aligned and the grooves in the mating surfaces are aligned to form internal channels between the openings; b. ion selective-electrodes in the openings, each electrode being comprised of; 1. a layer having at least one enzyme which catalyzes a reaction which results in a change in ionic activity of the sample or at least one substrate of a reaction which results in a change in ionic activity of the sample immobilized thereon; 2. an ion selective membrane comprised of an ionophore selective for the ion the activity of which is changed in the sample;
a thermoplastic resin or a plastic; and
a plasticizer;3. a reference electrode; and 4. an internal reference material having a known concentration of the ion whose activity in the sample changes as a result of the enzyme whose activity is being determined; c. retainer means for securing the ion selective membranes in the openings; and d. porous membranes in the spaces between the openings in the sensor frame, the porous material, when conductive, providing ionic flow between the ion selective electrodes in the openings.
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Specification