Pump for oscillating a fluid in vivo

• US 4,723,941 A
• Filed: 09/06/1985
• Issued: 02/09/1988
• Est. Priority Date: 09/06/1985
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Industrial Technology Research Institute
• Original Assignee: Research Corporation
• Inventors: Fjerstad, Wayne H., Caskey, Patrick E., Thistle, Johnson L.
• Primary Examiner(s): Pellegrino, Stephen C.
• Application Number:
  US06/773,404
• Time in Patent Office: 886 Days
• Field of Search: 604/151, 604/152, 604/27, 604/35, 604/31, 604/43, 604/54, 604/319, 604/118-120, 417/415
• US Class Current: 604/152
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/22084 stone- or thrombus-dissolving
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/772 operating alternately
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/81 Piston pumps, e.g. syringes

Abstract

A pump for oscillating a fluid into and out from a body area. The pump forms a fluid chamber for holding the fluid, and comprises a piston for forcing fluid outward from the fluid chamber and into the body, and for drawing fluid inward from the body and into the fluid chamber. A motor is connected to the piston, and a control circuit is connected to the motor to control movement of the piston. The control circuit has a first state actuating the motor to force the fluid into the body, and a second state actuating the motor to draw the fluid from the body, and the control circuit may be adjusted to vary the rates at which fluid is forced into and drawn from the body.

Claims

1. A pump for directing an oscillating fluid into and out from a body area, the pump comprising:

means forming a pump inlet and a fluid chamber in communication therewith for holding the fluid;

oscillating means for forcing fluid outward from the fluid chamber and into the body area, and for drawing fluid inward from the body area and into the fluid chamber;

power means connected to the oscillating means to drive said oscillating means; and

control means connected to the power means to control movement of the oscillating means, the control means including

(i) switch means having a first state actuating the power means to force fluid outward from the pump and into the body area, and a second state actuating the power means to draw fluid from the body area and inward into the pump, the switch means including first adjustable means to vary the rate at which fluid is forced into the body area, and second adjustable means to vary the rate at which fluid is drawn from the body area, and

(ii) switch control means to change the switch means between the first and second positions, the switch control means including

(A) detector means generating a first signal when the oscillating means reaches a first position and generating a second signal when the oscillating means reaches a second position, and

(B) means connected to the detector means for receiving the first and second control signals therefrom, to change the switch means to the second state in response to receiving the first control signal from the detector means, and to change the switch means to the first state in response to receiving the second control signal from the detector means.

2. A pump according to claim 1 wherein:

the oscillating means includes a piston supported for reciprocating movement in the fluid chamber; and

the detector means includes

(i) a front detector generating the first control signal when the piston reaches a predetermined forward position, and

(ii) a back detector generating the second control signal when the piston reaches a predetermined rearward position.

3. A pump according to claim 2 wherein:

the power means includes an electric motor having a rotatable shaft;

the switch means includes

(i) a first relay coil having open and closed positions,

(ii) a second relay coil having open and closed positions, and

(iii) a means connecting the relay coils to the motor and actuating the motor to rotate the shaft in a first direction when the first relay coil is closed and actuating the motor to rotate the shaft in a second direction when the second relay coil is closed; and

the means connected to the detector means includes a logic sub-circuit to open the first relay coil and close the second relay coil in response to receiving the first control signal from the front detector, and to close the first relay coil and open the second relay coil in response to receiving the second control signal from the back detector.

4. A pump according to claim 3 wherein:

the means connecting the relay coils to the motor includes

(i) a controller having a control input connection,

(ii) a first line connecting the control input to the first relay coil, and

(iii) a second line connecting the control input to the second relay coil;

the first adjustable means includes a first variable potentiometer located in the first line to vary the amplitude of a voltage signal applied to the control input of the controller; and

the second adjustable means includes a second variable potentiometer located in the second line to vary the amplitude of a voltage signal applied to the control input of the controller.

5. A pump according to claim 3 wherein:

the logic sub-circuit includes

(i) a flip-flop having first and second input connections and first and second output connections,

(ii) a first line connecting the first input connection of the flip-flop to the front detector,

(iii) a second line connecting the second input connection of the flip-flop to the back detector,

(iv) a first nand gate having first and second input connections and an output connection, the first input connection of the first nand gate being connected to the first output connection of the flip flop, the output connection of the first nand gate being connected to the first relay coil, and

(v) a second nand gate having first and second input connections and an output connection, the first input connection of the second nand gate being connected to the second output connection of the flip flop, the output connection of the second nand gate being connected to the second relay coil;

when the logic sub-circuit receives the first

control signal from the front detector, the first output connection of the flip-flop changes from a high voltage level to a low voltage level and the second output connection of the flip-flop changes from a low voltage level to a high voltage level;

when the logic sub-circuit receives the second control signal from the back detector, the first output connection of the flip-flop changes from a low voltage level to a high voltage level and the second output connection of the flip-flop changes from a high voltage level to a low voltage level.

6. A pump according to claim 5 wherein the switch control means further includes a stop-start sub-circuit connected to the logic sub-circuit to selectively initiate and terminate movement of the piston.

7. A pump according to claim 6 wherein:

the stop-start sub-circuit includes a stop-start flip-flop having an output connection connected to both the second input connection of the first nand gate and the second input connection of the second nand gate; and

movement of the piston is started when the output connection of the start-stop flip-flop changes from a low voltage level to a high voltage level, and movement of the piston is stopped when the output connection of the start-stop flip-flop changes from a high voltage level to a low voltage level.

8. A pump according to claim 7 wherein:

the start-stop flip-flop has first and second input connections;

the start-stop sub-circuit further includes

(i) a start switch having open and closed positions and connected to the first input connection of the start-stop flip-flop, and

(ii) a stop switch having open and closed positions and connected to the second input connection of the start-stop flip-flop;

when the output connection of the start-stop flip-flop is at a high voltage level, the output connection of the start-stop flip-flop changes to a low voltage level when the stop switch is closed; and

when the output connection of the start-stop flip-flop is at a low voltage level, the output connection of the start-stop flip-flop changes to a high voltage level when the start switch is closed.

9. Apparatus for agitating a therapeutic fluid introduced into a localized area of a patient'"'"'s body to disslove solids therein, the apparatus comprising:

a pump including a pump inlet and a fluid chamber in communication therewith for holding an agitating fluid;

fluid conducting means for connecting the pump inlet to the localized area of the patient'"'"'s body;

the pump further including

oscillating means to alternately inject the agitating fluid into and aspirate the agitating fluid from the body area through the fluid conducting means to agitate the therapeutic fluid in the body area,

(ii) power means connected to the oscillating means to drive said oscillating means,

(iii) first adjustable means connected to the power means to control the rate at which fluid is injected into the body area, and

(iv) second adjustable means connected to the power means to control the rate at which fluid is aspirated from the body area.

10. Apparatus according to claim 9 wherein the fluid conducting means includes:

a trap for collecting debris aspirated from the body area;

a first tube for connecting the trap to the pump inlet to conduct fluid therebetween; and

a second tube for connecting the trap to the body area to conduct fluid therebetween.

11. Apparatus according to claim 10 wherein the pump further comprises auxiliary inlet means to conduct additional agitating fluid into the pump chamber during operation of the pump.

12. Apparatus according to claim 11 wherein the therapeutic fluid and the agitating fluid have the same composition.