Method and apparatus for enlarging or reducing an image on the basis of precalculated reference pel contribution rate data and two-dimensional reference window shifting amount data stored in a table memory

• US 4,725,892 A
• Filed: 04/25/1986
• Issued: 02/16/1988
• Est. Priority Date: 06/27/1985
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Suzuki, Naoshi, Yanagisawa, Hiroshi, Yokemura, Taketoshi
• Primary Examiner(s): NOT, DEFINED
• Assistant Examiner(s): Svihla, Randall S.
• Application Number:
  US06/855,559
• Time in Patent Office: 662 Days
• Field of Search: 358/77, 358/287, 358/280, 382/47, 364/577, 340/728, 340/731
• US Class Current: 382/299
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 3/40 Scaling of whole images or parts thereof, e.g. expanding or contracting
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 1/3935 with modification of image resolution, i.e. determining the values of picture elements at new relative positions

Abstract

A method and apparatus for reducing or enlarging an image. More specifically, this invention can increase or decrease the magnification ratio of an image even while scanning each line. This invention involves converting a first image with a first pel density to a second image with a second pel density. The intensity P of a new pel at a point p of the second image is represented by ##EQU1## where m is the number of reference pels of the first image that are sampled and that are within a given two-dimensional reference window when it is in a predetermined position corresponding to the point p, where Ii is the intensity of the i-th pel of the m sampled reference pels, and where αi is a contribution rate indicating how much the i-th pel contributes to the intensity P. Pre-calculated contribution rate data (αi) and pre-calculated shifting amount data indicating the relative amount the reference window is to be shifted are stored in a memory. The shifting amount data is used to position the reference window to a predetermined position where the m reference pels are sampled, and the contribution rate data and the values of the m sampled pels are used to determine the intensity P.

Claims

1. An image conversion apparatus, in which, when a first image with a first pel density is converted to a second image with a second pel density, the intensity P of a new pel (estimated pel) at a point p of said second image is represented by ##EQU5## when m is a number of reference pels of said first image that are sampled and that are within a two-dimensional reference window when said window is in a predetermined position corresponding to the point p, where Ii is the intensity of i-th pel of said m sampled reference pels, where m is ≧

3, and where α

i is a contribution rate indicating how much the i-th pel contributes to the intensity P, said image conversion apparatus comprising;

first storage means for storing said first image;

address controlling means for shifting said reference window to sample m reference pels of said first image at each of a plurality of predetermined positions;

second storage means for storing previously-calculated shifting amount data indicating how much said reference window is to be shifted and for storing previously-calculated contribution rate data for each of said m sampled reference pels in the form of a data table by interrelating the shifting amount data and the contribution rate data;

calculating means for calculating the intensity P of said new pel; and

addressing means for accessing said second storage means so as to supply therefrom said shifting amount data and said contribution rate data to said address controlling means and to said calculating means, respectively.

2. An image conversion apparatus as recited in claim 1, wherein a magnification ratio of said second image relative to said first image may be selectively varied by selecting said shifting amount data stored in said second storage means in accordance with a desired magnification ratio representing either an enlargement or a reduction of said first image.

3. An image conversion apparatus as recited in claim 1 wherein said second storage means comprises a table memory for storing said shifting amount data and said contribution rate data.

4. An image conversion apparatus as recited in claim 1, wherein said addressing means comprises an address counter for accessing said second storage means so as to supply therefrom said shifting amount data to an address controller in said address controlling means, and so as to supply therefrom said contribution rate data to a plurality of multipliers in said calculating means.

5. An image conversion apparatus, in which, when a first image with a first pel density is converted to a second image with a second pel density, the intensity P of a new pel (estimated pel) at a point p of said second image represented by ##EQU6## where m is a number of reference pels of said first image that are sampled and that are within a two-dimensional reference window when said window is in a predetermined position corresponding to the point p, where Ii is the intensity of the i-th pel of said m sampled reference pels, where m is ≧

3, and where α

i is a contribution rate indicating how much the i-th pel contributes to the intensity P, said image conversion apparatus comprising;

an input buffer for storing said first image;

address controlling means for shifting said reference window to simultaneously sample m reference pels of said first image at each of a plurality of predetermined positions;

a table memory for storing previously-calculated shifting amount data indicating how much said reference window is to be shifted and for storing previously-calculated contribution rate data for each of said m sampled reference pels in the form of a data table interrelating the shifting amount data, the contribution rate data, and the identity of corresponding new pels of said second image;

calculating means for calculating the intensity P of said new pel, said calculating means comprising a plurality of multipliers and an arithmetic logic unit; and

an address counter for accessing said table memory so as to supply therefrom said shifting amount data to said address controlling means, whereby shifting of said reference window is variably controlled in accordance with said shifting amount data, and so as to supply therefrom said contribution rate data to said calculating means.

6. A method of converting an image, wherein a first image with a first pel density is converted to a second image with a second pel density, the intensity P of a new pel (estimated pel) at a point p of said second image being represented by the expression ##EQU7## where m is a number of reference pels of said first image that are sampled and that are within a two-dimensional reference window when said window is in a predetermined position corresponding to the point P, where Ii is the inensity of the i-th pel of said m sampled reference pels, where m≧

3, and where α

i is a contribution rate indicating how much the i-th pel contributes to the intensity P, the method comprising the steps of;

storing said first image in a first storage means;

storing previously-calculated shifting amount data indicating how much said reference window is to be shifted in a second storage means;

storing previously-calculated contribution rate data for each of said m sampled reference pels in said second storage means such that said shifting amount data and said contribution rate data are interrelated in the form of a data table;

shifting said reference window in accordance with said shifting amount data;

sampling said m reference pels of said first image; and

calculating the intensity P of said new pel using said contribution rate data and the values of said m sampled reference pels in accordance with the expression for the intensity P.

7. A method as recited in claim 6, wherein a magnification ratio of said second image relative to said first image may be selectively varied by selecting said shifting amount data stored in said second storage means in accordance with a desired magnification ratio.

8. A method as recited in claim 6, wherein said second storage means is a table memory.