Self-locking fiber optic seal

• US 4,729,626 A
• Filed: 07/15/1982
• Issued: 03/08/1988
• Est. Priority Date: 07/15/1982
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: E J Brooks Company
• Original Assignee: The Fiber-Lock Corporation
• Inventors: Stieff, Lorin R.
• Primary Examiner(s): Sikes, William L.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Ullah, Akm E.
• Application Number:
  US06/398,490
• Time in Patent Office: 2,063 Days
• Field of Search: 350/96.10, 350/96.15, 350/96.20, 350/96.22, 350/96.24, 340/541, 340/542, 340/543, 340/555, 340/556, 70/1, 70/416, 70/DIG. 51
• US Class Current: 385/115
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/3624 Fibre head, e.g. fibre probe termination optical details of light guide terminations G02B6/241; reshaping of light guides G02B6/2552; optical details of coupling light into or out of fibre end G02B6/262
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/3636 the mechanical coupling means being grooves G02B6/3652 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G09F 3/0376 using a special technique to detect tampering, e.g. by ultrasonic or optical means
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 70/7915 Tampering prevention or attack defeating

Abstract

A seal has a fiber optic bundle which passes through a fastening device. One end of the bundle is exposed to a light source and the light pattern emitted from the other end is observed to determine whether anyone has tampered with the bundle or the fastening device. The bundle has end fittings which are received in intersecting passageways formed in a block and which pass through each other at the intersection. A flat portion of one end fitting passes through a one-way push nut integrally formed in the other end fitting to interlock the fittings. Alternatively, one fitting is press fit in the block and the other fitting is engaged by a one-way push nut mounted in an enlarged portion of its respective passageway. The shapes of the passageways correspond to the shapes of their respective fittings to prevent rotation of the fittings and to align the fittings for intermeshing with each other. The fibers in the bundle are divided and extend through divided passageways formed in one of the end fittings. The block is unitary or is formed of two mirror image halves. A hanger receiving hole is formed in the block.

Claims

1. Fiber optic seal apparatus comprising an elongated fiber optic bundle having first and second ends provided with first and second interlocking end fittings respectively, each of the end fittings being provided with fiber end light communicating openings for permitting passage of light through said fiber optic bundle, wherein the first end fitting is provided with a generally V-shaped groove having open top and bottom ends on opposite sides thereof and the second end fitting is provided with a flat longitudinally extending portion having a thickness slightly larger than the width of said open bottom end and smaller than the width of said open top end, said flat portion passing into the top end and out of the bottom end of said V-shaped groove and being held within the groove by engagement between said flat portion and said bottom end of the groove, the first end fitting being further provided with pathways on opposite sides of the V-shaped groove, a first portion of the fibers in said bundle extending through one of the pathways and the remainder of said fibers in said bundle extending through the other of said pathways.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising a block having first and second passageways intersecting within the block, each passageway having an inlet opening on a surface of the block for receiving an end fitting and an outlet opening on an opposite surface of the block for communicating light to or from the light communicating opening in the end fitting received in the passageway, wherein the first and second end fittings are received in said first and second passageways respectively, the first and second end fittings interlocking with each other at the intersection of said first and second passageways.

3. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein about half of the fibers in said bundle extend through each of the pathways.

4. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the first end fitting is further provided with a pathway generally coaxial with the V-shaped groove which communicates with the pathways on the sides of the V-shaped groove for receiving the fibers extending through said latter pathways.

5. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein each of the end fittings is provided with fiber end light communicating openings for permitting passage of light through said fiber optic bundle and wherein each of the passageways has an outlet opening on a surface of the block opposite said surface with said inlet opening for communicating light to or from the light communicating opening in the end fitting received in the passageway.

6. The apparatus of claims 2, 1 or 28 further comprising means for fixing the rotational orientation of the ends of the fiber optic bundle within the block.

7. The apparatus of claim 6 wherein said fixing means comprises portions of said passageways having cross-sectional shapes corresponding to cross-sectional shapes of said ends of the fiber optic bundle.

8. Fiber optic seal apparatus comprising an elongated fiber optic bundle having first and second ends provided with first and second interlocking end fittings respectively, each of the end fittings being provided with fiber and light communicating openings for permitting passage of light through said fiber optic bundle, wherein the second end fitting passes through the first end fitting at said intersection.

9. Fiber optic seal apparatus comprising:

an elongated fiber optic bundle having first and second ends provided with first and seocnd interlocking end fittings respectively, each of the end fittings being provided with fiber and light communicating openings for permitting passage of light through said fiber optic bundle, and wherein the first end fitting is provided with a one-way locking means for receiving the second end fitting and for preventing said received second end fitting from being withdrawn therefrom.

10. Sealing apparatus comprising:

a block, first and second passageways intersecting within the block, each passageway having and inlet opening on the surface of the block for receiving an end fitting, and link means having first and second ends provided with first and second interlocking end fittings respectively, wherein the first and second end fittings are received in said first and second passageways respectively, the first and second end fittings interlocking with each other at the intersection of first and second passageways, and wherein the first end fitting is provided with a one-way locking means for receiving the second end fitting and for preventing said second end fitting from being withdrawn therefrom.

11. The apparatus of claim 9 or 10 wherein said one-way locking means comprises a push nut.

12. The apparatus of claim 11 wherein the push nut is formed integrally with said first end fitting.

13. The apparatus of claim 12 wherein the push nut comprises a generally V-shaped groove having open top and bottom ends on opposite sides of the first end fitting.

14. The apparatus of claim 13 wherein slits perpendicular to said bottom end are formed in ends of side walls of the groove to facilitate flexure of said side walls.

15. The apparatus of claim 13 wherein said second end fitting is provided with a flat longitudinally extending portion having a thickness slightly larger than the width of said open bottom end of the V-shaped groove and smaller than the width of said open top end of the V-shaped groove, said flat portion passing into the top end and out of the bottom end of said V-shaped groove and being held within said groove by engagement between said flat portion and said bottom end of the groove.

16. The apparatus of claim 15 wherein the flat portion of said second end fitting is provided with serations.

17. Sealing apparatus comprising

a block,

first and second passageways intersecting within the block, each passageway having an inlet opening on a surface of the block for receiving an end fitting, and

link means having first and second ends provided with first and second interlocking end fittings respectively,

wherein the first and second end fittings are received in said first and second passageways respectively, the first and second end fittings interlocking with each other at the intersection of the first and second passageways,

further comprising means for aligning the end fittings in the block to enable locking interconnection of said first and second end fittings, wherein said passageways have cross-sectional shapes related to the cross-sectional shapes of their respective end fittings, wherein the cross-sectional shape of said first passageway differs from the cross-sectional shape of the second passageway.

18. The apparatus of claim 17 wherein the first passageway has a generally T-shaped cross-section and the second passageway has a generally rectangular cross-section.

19. The apparatus of claim 18 wherein the passageways are oriented at the crossing with the second passageway in alignment with the portion of said first passageway defining the leg of said T-shaped cross-section.

20. The apparatus of claim 19 wherein the first end fitting is provided with a generally V-shaped groove having open top and bottom ends on opposite sides thereof and the second end fitting is provided with a flat longitudinally extending portion having a thickness slightly larger than the width of said open bottom end and smaller than the width of said open top end, said flat portion passing into the top end and out of the bottom end of said V-shaped groove and being held within the groove by engagement between said flat portion and said bottom end of the groove, the V-shaped groove being aligned with said leg defining portion.

21. Sealing apparatus comprising

a block,

first and second passageways intersecting within the block, each passageway having an inlet opening on a surface of the block for receiving an end fitting, and

link means having first and second ends provided with first and second interlocking end fittings respectively,

wherein the first and second end fittings are received in said first and second passageways respectively, the first and second end fittings interlocking with each other at the intersection of the first and second passageways,

further comprising means for aligning the end fittings in the block to enable locking interconnection of said first and second end fittings, wherein said passageways have cross-sectional shapes related to the cross-sectional shapes of their respective end fittings, wherein the first passageway has a generally T-shaped cross-section and the first end fitting has a generally triangular cross-section, the base of said triangular cross-section being held within the first passageway perpendicular to the leg of said T-shaped cross-section.

22. Sealing apparatus comprising

a block,

first and second passageways intersecting within the block, each passageway having an inlet opening on a surface of the block for receiving a link end,

link means having first and second ends received in the first and second passageways respectively, the second end passing through the first end at the intersection of the first and second passageways, and

wherein the second passageway is provided with locking means for preventing withdrawal of the second link end from the block.

23. The apparatus of claim 22 wherein the link means comprises a fiber optic bundle.

24. The apparatus of claim 22 wherein the block is formed of two mirror image portions.

25. The apparatus of claim 22 wherein the locking means comprises one-way locking means for receiving the second end and preventing said received second end from being withdrawn therefrom.

26. The apparatus of claim 25 wherein the one-way locking means comprises a push nut.

27. The apparatus of claim 25 wherein the push nut comprises a plate extending across the second passageway at a location spaced from an outer end thereof, said plate being provided with a generally V-shaped depression having open top and bottom ends extending transversely across the passageway.

28. The apparatus of claim 27 wherein slits perpendicular to said bottom end are formed in the ends of the walls of the depression to facilitate flexure of said walls.

29. The apparatus of claim 27 wherein the second link end is provided with an end fitting having a flat longitudinally extending portion having a thickness slightly larger than the width of said open bottom end of the V-shaped groove and smaller than the width of said open top end of the V-shaped groove, said flat portion passing into the top end and out of the bottom end of said V-shaped groove and being held within said groove by engagement between said flat portion and said bottom end of the groove.

30. The apparatus of claim 29 wherein the first link end is provided with an end fitting having an opening formed therein to permit passage of said flat portion there- through.

31. The apparatus of claim 22 wherein the first link end is press fit within the block.

32. The apparatus of claims 22 or 35 wherein the first passageway has a relatively wide body portion and a relatively narrow end portion and wherein the first link end is provided with an end fitting having a relatively wide body portion and a relatively narrow end portion, the end portion of said end fitting being press fit within the end portion of said first passageway.

33. The apparatus of claim 30 further comprising means for aligning the end fitting in the block to enable said flat portion to pass through the opening in said end fitting on the first link end.

34. The apparatus of claim 33 wherein the aligning means comprises portions of said passageways having cross-sectional shapes corresponding to cross-sectional shapes of said end fittings.

35. The apparatus of claim 23 wherein each of the passageways has an outlet opening on a surface of the block opposite said surface with said inlet opening for communicating light to and from the ends of the fiber optic bundle received in the passageway.

36. The apparatus of claim 30 wherein the link means comprises a fiber optic bundle and the first end fitting is further provided with pathways on opposite sides of the opening formed therein, a portion of the fibers in said bundle extending through one of the pathways and the remainder of the fibers in said bundle extending through the other of the pathways.

37. The apparatus of claim 36 wherein the first end fitting is further provided with a pathway generally coaxial with the opening formed therein which communicates with the pathways on the sides of the opening for receiving the fibers extending through said latter pathways,

38. The apparatus of claim 27 wherein the second passageway has an enlarged portion for accommodating the plate.

39. A method for making an end fitting on a fiber optic bundle comprising

providing a cylindrical tubular member,

shaping the cylindrical member to form divided passageways therein,

dividing the fiber optic bundle,

inserting the bundle into the member, a portion of the fibers entering one passageway and the remainder of the fibers entering the other passageway,

crimping an end of the member onto the fiber optic bundle, and

flatening the cylindrical member.

40. The method of claim 39 further comprising applying a bonding agent to the fibers and bonding the fibers to the member.

41. Sealing apparatus comprising

a block,

first and second passageways intersecting within the block, each passageway having an inlet opening on a surface of the block for receiving an end fitting, and

link means having first and second ends provided with first and second interlocking end fittings respectively,

wherein the first and second end fittings are received in said first and second passageways respectively, the first and second end fittings interlocking with each other at the intersection of the first and second passageways, wherein the second end fitting passes through the first end fitting at said intersection.