Diffuser fiber incident energy concentrator and method of using same

• US 4,733,929 A
• Filed: 02/05/1986
• Issued: 03/29/1988
• Est. Priority Date: 02/05/1986
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: David C. Brown
• Original Assignee: David C. Brown
• Inventors: Brown, David C.
• Primary Examiner(s): Sikes, William L.
• Assistant Examiner(s): HEALY, BRIAN
• Application Number:
  US06/826,304
• Time in Patent Office: 783 Days
• Field of Search: 350/96.10, 350/96.29, 350/96.30, 350/96.34, 350/96.24, 350/96.15, 350/320, 362/32, 250/227
• US Class Current: 385/31
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/0006 Coupling light into the fibre in general G02B6/4298
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/03694 Multiple layers differing in properties other than the refractive index, e.g. attenuation, diffusion, stress properties
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/2817 using reflective elements to split or combine optical signals
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 359/90 Methods

Abstract

This invention relates to a coaxial diffuser optical fiber wave guide incident radiation energy concentrator using internal diffusion to scatter incident radiation energy into guided modes to effect a cumulative propagation of the energy along the wave guide axis which creates a concentration of the incident radiation energy at the collector'"'"'s edges.

Claims

1. An incident radiant energy concentration device comprising an optical wave guide element having an edge and a length dimension, and being a cylindrical optical wave guide, diffuser means coaxialy located within said optical wave guide to convert incident radiation energy within said wave guide to effect capture of energy in guided modes of said wave guide and by cumulative propagation of trapped energy along said wave guide length dimension and effect a concentration of incident radiation energy at the device'"'"'s edge.

2. An incident radiant energy concentration device as defined in claim 1 wherein said wave guide is circularly cylindrical.

3. A device according to claim 2 in which the diffuser means is a coaxial region of the wave guide core aligned along the center line of the wave guide core and containing microspheres and/or microparticles of material with the ability to reflect and or refract the incident radiation energy to effect a uniform internal scatter of the incident radiation energy within the wave guide core.

4. A device according to claim 3 in which the microspheres and microparticles that effect a scatter of the incident radiation energy are comprised of one or a combination of the following compounds and elements:

air, water, argon, carbon dioxide, helium, hydrogen, methane, nitrogen, silver, aluminum, magnesium carbonate, rutile, zircon or glass of a higher or lower refractive index with respect to the core material.

5. A device according to claim 3 in which the wave guide core is a material transparent to the incident radiation wave lengths selected from the group consisting of soda glass, crown glass, flint glass, acrylic polymer methylmethacrylate, polystyrene, polycarbonate, methylmethacrylate styrene copolymer, allyldiglycol carbonate or polymethylpentane.

6. A device according to claim 3 in which the wave guide core is encased by an outer cladding of material with a lower refractive index than the core material.

7. A device according to claim 6 in which the outer cladding is a material transparent to the incident radiation wave lengths selected from the group consisting of soda glass, crown glass, flint glass, acrylic polymer methylmethacrylate, air, polystyrene, polycarbonate, methylmethacrylate styrene copolymer, allylcliglycol carbonate or polymethylpentane.

8. A device for concentrating radiant energy comprising, an optical wave guide having a length dimension extending between a pair of ends, and a first external surface exposed to receive incident radiation between the ends of said length dimension and a second external surface exposed to emit radiation at at least one of said ends of said length dimension,

means for exposing said first external surface to incident radiation,

means coaxially located within said optical wave guide for internally changing the direction of travel of at least a portion of radiant energy within said optical wave guide to effect capture of a fraction of the internally incident radiation in guided modes of said optical wave guide and by cumulative propagation of trapped radiation energy along said wave guide length dimension to thereby effect a concentration of radiation energy and emission at at least one of said ends of said optical wave guide.

9. An radiation energy concentration device according to claim 8 in which said optical wave guide element has a core and including diffuser means within a coaxial region of said wave guide core aligned along the center line of said wave guide core and containing microspheres and/or microparticles of a size and material with the ability to reflect and or refract the incident radiation energy and effect a uniform internal scatter of the incident radiation energy within said wave guide core.

10. An radiation energy concentration device according to claim 9 in which said microspheres and microparticles that effect a scatter of the incident radiation energy are comprised of one or a combination of the following compounds and elements:

air, water, argon, carbon dioxide, helium, hydrogen, methane, nitrogen, silver, aluminum, magnesium carbonate, rutile, zircon or glass and having different refractive index with respect to the core material.

11. An radiation energy concentration device according to claim 10 in which said wave guide core is a material transparent to the incident radiation wavelengths and selected from the group consisting of soda glass, crown glass, flint glass, acrylic polymer methylmethacrylate, polystyrene, polycarbonate, methylmethacrylate styrene copolymer, allyldiglycol carbonate or polymethylpentane.

12. An incident radiation energy concentration device according to claim 9 in which said wave guide core is encased by an outer cladding of material with a lower refractive index than the core material.

13. An incident radiation energy concentration device according to claim 12 in which said outer cladding is a material transparent to the incident radiation wavelengths and selected from the group consisting of soda glass, crown glass, flint glass, acrylic polymer methylmethacrylate, air, polystyrene, polycarbonate, methylmethacrylate styrene copolymer, allylcliglycol carbonate or polymethylpentane.

14. An incident energy concentration device comprising a first optical wave guide element as defined in claim 8, at least one further optical wave guide element, each said optical wave guide element being arranged in an array to interrupt incident radiation from a predetermined direction.

15. An energy concentration device comprising a first plurality of optical wave guide elements as defined in claim 8, said first plurality of optical wave guide elements being arrayed to intercept radiation from a predetermined direction, and at least one further said optical wave guide element arrayed relative to said first optical wave guide elements to intercept incident radiation transmitted through said first plurality of optical wave guide elements.

16. The energy concentration device as defined in claim 14 wherein said each optical wave guide element in said first plurality have their respective said second external surfaces arrayed in a common plane.

17. A method of concentrating radiant energy comprising,

providing an optical wave guide having a length dimension and a first external surface exposed to receive incident radiation between said length dimension and a second external surface exposed to emit radiation at one end of said length dimension,

exposing said first external surface to incident radiation,

converting the direction of at least a portion of said energy within said optical wave guide to effect an internal capture of a fraction of the incident radiant energy in guided modes of said optical wave guide and by cumulative propagation of trapped radiation energy along said optical wave guide length dimension to effect a concentration of radiation energy and emission at at least one of said ends of said optical wave guide.

18. The method of concentrating radiant energy as defined in claim 17 in which there is provided at least one further object wave guide arrayed in such a way relative to the first said optical wave guide that incident radiant energy passing through the first said optical wave guide constitutes the incident radiation of said further optical wave guide to which the first external surface thereof is exposed, and converting the direction of at least a portion of said incident radiation in said at least one further optical wave guide to effect capture of a further portion of the incident radiation energy in guided modes of said optical wave guide by cumulative propagation of trapped radiation energy along said further optical wave guide length dimension to effect concentration of radiation energy and emission of same at at least one end of said further optical wave guide.