Articulated vehicle

• US 4,735,432 A
• Filed: 05/02/1986
• Issued: 04/05/1988
• Est. Priority Date: 09/04/1984
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Multidrive Limited
• Original Assignee: Multidrive Limited
• Inventors: Brown, David P.
• Primary Examiner(s): Love, John J.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Hill, Mitchell J.
• Application Number:
  US06/878,285
• Time in Patent Office: 704 Days
• Field of Search: 280/400, 280/404, 280/408, 280/482, 280/142, 280/426, 280/100, 280/442, 180/14.1, 180/14.4, 180/23, 180/24.01, 180/139, 180/235, 180/241, 180/79.4
• US Class Current: 280/404
• CPC Class Codes: B62D 13/005 operated from tractor steering system
• CPC Class Codes: B62D 49/005 Tractors for semi-trailers combinations of tractor plus semi- trailer B62D53/06
• CPC Class Codes: B62D 53/005 Combinations with at least three axles and comprising two or more articulated parts articulated buses B62D47/025
• CPC Class Codes: B62D 53/06 Semi-trailers
• CPC Class Codes: B62D 59/02 driven from external propulsion unit

Abstract

The vehicle has a main chassis (2) pivotally supported by front and rear sub-chassis (1,6), one of which carries the engine. Constant velocity power is communicated between the two sub-chassis (1,6) by an intermediate shaft (20) connected to front and rear shafts (18,21) extending along the center-lines (1'"'"',6'"'"') of the respective sub-chassis (1,6). For steering, pivoting of the rear sub-chassis (6) is controlled in dependence of the pivoting of the front sub-chassis (1) so that, during, turning, the center-lines (1'"'"',6'"'"') of the sub-chassis intersect at a point (61) nearer to the pivot axis (27) of the front sub-chassis (1) than to the pivot axis (30) of the rear sub-chassis (6). The universal joints (20a,20b) of the intermediate shaft (20) are equidistant from the intersection point (61). The rear sub-chassis (6) thus pivots through a smaller angle than the front sub-chassis (1).

Claims

1. In an articulated vehicle including a front sub-chassis and a rear sub-chassis each having a respective front and rear pivot axis and at least one drive axle, a main chassis pivotally supported by each sub-chassis for relative pivotal movement about the respective pivot axes, a mechanism for communicating constant velocity power between the sub-chassis having an intermediate shaft which extends substantially along the centerline of the main chassis when the centerlines of the sub-chassis and the main chassis are aligned, universal joints on the ends of the intermediate shaft connected respectively to a front shaft extending substantially along the centerline of the front sub-chassis and a rear shaft extending substantially along the centerline of the rear sub-chassis, steering means for causing the front sub-chassis to pivot relative to the main chassis, and control means for controlling the pivoting of the rear sub-chassis relative to the main chassis in response to the pivoting of the front sub-chassis, the improvement in the control means comprising:

menas for controlling pivoting of the rear sub-chassis so that, during turning, the centerlines of the front and rear sub-chassis intersect each other at a point whose locus of travel is nearer to the front pivot axis of the front sub-chassis than to the rear pivot axis of the rear sub-chassis, and the universal joints of the intermediate shaft are positioned equidistant from said point of intersection.

2. The improvement as claimed in claim 1 wherein said control means further comprises:

an axially movable member mounted on the rear sub-chassis; and

a pivotal connection between the front sub-chassis and said axially movable member.

3. The improvement as claimed in claim 2 wherein said steering means comprises:

at least one hydraulic ram acting between the front sub-chassis and the main chassis and at least one hydraulic ram acting between the rear sub-chassis and the main chassis.

4. The improvement as claimed in claim 3 wherein said axially movable member comprises:

a bearing structure mounted on the rear sub-chassis; and

a slidable member engaging said bearing structure for axial sliding movement with respect thereto.

5. The improvement as claimed in claim 4 wherein:

said bearing structure comprises a plurality of rollers; and

said pivotal connection comprises a first bracket rigidly mounted on the rear end of the front sub-chassis, a second bracket mounted on said slidable member, and a pivot pin connecting said brackets together.

6. The improvement as claimed in claim 5 wherein said steering means comprises:

two front hydraulic rams each having opposite ends and each connected at one end thereof to one side of the main chassis and at the other end thereof to the front sub-chassis.

7. The improvement as claimed in claim 6 wherein said steering means further comprises:

two rear hydraulic rams each having opposite ends and each connected at one end thereof to one side of the main chassis and at the other end thereof to the rear sub-chassis.

8. The improvement as claimed in claim 2 wherein said axially movable member comprises:

a bearing structure mounted on the rear sub-chassis; and

a slidable member engaging said bearing structure for axial sliding movement with respect thereto.

9. The improvement as claimed in claim 8 wherein:

said bearing structure comprises a plurality of rollers; and

said pivotal connection comprises a first bracket rigidly mounted on the rear end of the front sub-chassis, a second bracket mounted on said slidable member, and a pivot pin connecting said brackets together.

10. The improvement as claimed in claim 1 wherein:

said locus crosses the centerline of the main chassis nearer to the front pivot axis of the front sub-chassis than to the rear pivot axis of the rear sub-chassis.

11. The improvement as claimed in claim 1 wherein said steering means comprises:

at least one hydraulic ram acting between the front sub-chassis and the main chassis and at least one hydraulic ram acting between the rear sub-chassis and the main chassis.

12. The improvement as claimed in claim 11 wherein said steering means comprises:

two front hydraulic rams each having opposite ends and each connected at one end thereof to one side of the main chassis and at the other end thereof to the front sub-chassis.

13. The improvement as claimed in claim 12 wherein said steering means further comprises:

two rear hydraulic rams each having opposite ends and each connected at one end thereof to one side of the main chassis and at the other end thereof to the rear sub-chassis.