Low voltage operational amplifier having a substantially full range output voltage

• US 4,737,732 A
• Filed: 02/24/1987
• Issued: 04/12/1988
• Est. Priority Date: 02/24/1987
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. (NXP Semiconductors NV)
• Original Assignee: Motorola, Inc. (Motorola Solutions, Inc.)
• Inventors: Westwick, Alan L.
• Primary Examiner(s): Wan, Gene
• Application Number:
  US07/018,310
• Time in Patent Office: 413 Days
• Field of Search: 330/252, 330/253, 330/255, 330/257, 330/261
• US Class Current: 330/261
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2200/153 Feedback used to stabilise the amplifier
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2203/45402 the CMCL comprising a buffered addition circuit, i.e. the signals are buffered before addition, e.g. by a follower
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2203/45414 the CMCL comprising a current mirror addition circuit
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2203/45658 the LC comprising two diodes of current mirrors
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/3028 with symmetrical driving of the end stage
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/4565 Controlling the common source circuit of the differential amplifier
• CPC Class Codes: H04M 19/001 Current supply source at the exchanger providing current to substations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02D 30/70 in wireless communication networks

Abstract

A power amplifier particularly useful as a line driver operating at low power supply voltages is provided. An input portion comprising a differential input configuration is coupled to an output stage having a P-channel MOS transistor connected in series with an N-channel MOS transistor between two power supply voltage terminals. A control portion is coupled to both the input portion and the output stage for providing first and second control signals to the output portion. The control portion regulates the output quiescent current at a predetermined value independent of signal amplification provided by the input portion. The output signal can swing substantially between two power supply voltage potentials.

Claims

1. A low voltage line driver circuit having a substantially full range output voltage relative to a power supply voltage range, said output voltage provided by an output stage having a first transistor of a first conductivity type coupled between a power supply voltage terminal and an output terminal and having a second transistor of a second conductivity type coupled between the output terminal and a reference voltage terminal, said line driver circuit maintaining an output quiescent current substantially at a predetermined value, comprising:

input means coupled to the output stage for providing first and second control signals to the first and second transistors, respectively, to provide the output voltage in response to a differential between first and second input voltages; and

quiescent current control means coupled to both the input means and the output stage, for receiving first and second mirror currents from the first and second transistors and mirroring first and second compensation currents to the input means to adjust the output quiescent current in response to deviation from the predetermined value.

2. The low voltage line driver of claim 1 wherein the first conductivity type is P-type and the second conductivity type is N-type.

3. The low voltage line driver of claim 1 wherein the input means further comprises:

a first transistor of the second conductivity type having first and second current electrodes and a control electrode for receiving a first input voltage;

a second transistor of the second conductivity type having a first current electrode, a control electrode for receiving a second input voltage, and a second current electrode coupled to the second current electrode of the first transistor;

a third transistor of the second conductivity type having a first current electrode coupled to the second current electrode of the second transistor, a control electrode coupled to the quiescent current control means, and a second current electrode coupled to the reference voltage terminal;

a fourth transistor of the second conductivity type having a first current electrode coupled to the second current electrode of the second transistor, a control electrode coupled to the quiescent current control means, and a second current electrode coupled to the reference voltage terminal;

a fifth transistor of the first conductivity type having a first current electrode coupled to the power supply voltage terminal, and a control electrode coupled to both a second current electrode thereof and the first current electrode of the first transistor;

a sixth transistor of the first conductivity type having a first current electrode coupled to the power supply voltage terminal, and a control electrode coupled to both a second current electrode thereof and a first current electrode of the second transistor;

a seventh transistor of the first conductivity type having a first current electrode coupled to the power supply voltage terminal, a control electrode coupled to the second current electrode of the fifth transistor, and a second current electrode coupled to the quiescent current control means;

an eighth transistor of the second conductivity type having a first current electrode coupled to the second current electrode of the seventh transistor, a second current electrode, and a control electrode coupled to a second reference voltage terminal;

a ninth transistor of the second conductivity type having a first current electrode coupled to the second current electrode of the eighth transistor, a control electrode coupled to the quiescent current control means, and a second current electrode coupled to the first reference voltage terminal;

a tenth transistor of a first conductivity having a first current electrode coupled to the power supply voltage terminal, a control electrode coupled to the control electrode of the seventh transistor, and a second current electrode;

an eleventh transistor of a first conductivity type having a first current electrode coupled to the second current electrode of the tenth transistor, a control electrode coupled to the second reference voltage terminal, and a second current electrode; and

a twelfth transistor of a second conductivity type having a first current electrode coupled to the second current electrode of the eleventh transistor, a control electrode coupled to the quiescent current control means, and a second current electrode coupled to the first reference voltage terminal.

4. The low voltage line driver of claim 3 further comprising:

a first frequency compensation capacitor having a first electrode coupled to the second current electrode of the eighth transistor, and a second electrode coupled to the output terminal;

a second frequency compensation capacitor having a first electrode coupled to the second current electrode of the tenth transistor, and a second electrode coupled to the output terminal.

5. The low voltage line driver of claim 1 wherein the quiescent current control means comprise:

a first transistor of the first conductivity type having first and second current electrodes, and a control electrode;

a second transistor of the first conductivity type having first and second current electrodes, and a control electrode;

a third transistor of the first conductivity type having a first current electrode coupled to the power supply voltage terminal, a control electrode coupled to a bias voltage terminal, and a second current electrode coupled to the first current electrodes of the first and second transistors;

a fourth transistor of the second conductivity type having a first current electrode connected to a control electrode thereof and coupled to both the second current electrode of the first transistor and the input means;

a fifth transistor of the second conductivity type having a first current electrode connected to a control electrode thereof and coupled to both the second current electrode of the second transistor and the input means;

a sixth transistor of the first conductivity type having a first current electrode coupled to the power supply voltage terminal, a control electrode coupled to both the input means and a control electrode of the first transistor of the output stage, and a second current electrode;

a seventh transistor of the first conductivity type having a first current electrode coupled to the second current electrode of the sixth transistor, and a control electrode connected to a second current electrode thereof and coupled to a control electrode of the second transistor;

an eighth transistor of the second conductivity type having a first current electrode coupled to the second current electrode of the seventh transistor, a control electrode, and a second current electrode coupled to the reference voltage terminal;

a ninth transistor of the first conductivity type having a first current electrode coupled to the power supply voltage terminal, a control electrode coupled to the bias voltage terminal, and a second current electrode;

a tenth transistor of the first conductivity type having a first current electrode coupled to the second current electrode of the ninth transistor, a control electrode connected to a second current electrode thereof and coupled to the control electrode of the first transistor;

an eleventh transistor of the second conductivity type having a first current electrode coupled to the second current electrode of the tenth transistor, a control electrode coupled to both the input means and the second transistor of the output stage, and a second current electrode coupled to the reference voltage terminal;

a twelfth transistor of the first conductivity type having a first current electrode coupled to the power supply voltage terminal, a control electrode coupled to the bias voltage terminal, and a second current electrode; and

a thirteenth transistor of the second conductivity type having a first current electrode coupled to both the second current electrode of the twelfth transistor and the control electrode of the eighth transistor, the first current electrode also being connected to a control electrode thereof, and having a second current electrode coupled to the reference voltage terminal.

6. An amplifier circuit having a wide output voltage range in relation to a power supply voltage range for both low and high power supply voltage potentials, comprising:

an input stage having a first differential input pair of transistors, a load coupled to the first pair of transistors, and a current source coupled to the first pair of transistors for providing a source current to the first pair of transistors;

first and second intermediate stages coupled in parallel to the input stage for providing first and second control signals, respectively;

an output stage having two transistors of opposite conductivity type coupled in series for providing an output signal in response to the first and second control signals, the two output stage transistors conducting an output quiescent current having a substantially constant predetermined value when no output load is coupled to the output stage; and

output quiescent control means coupled to the input stage, the first and second intermediate stages and the output stage, said control means biasing a second differential input pair of transistors by mirroring the output quiescent current in each of the two transistors of the output stage to the control means, said control means mirroring first and second compensation currents to the first and second intermediate stages to adjust the output quiescent current in response to deviation from the predetermined value.

7. The amplifier circuit of claim 6 wherein the output stage further comprises:

a P-channel transistor having a source coupled to a positive first power supply voltage, a gate coupled to the first control signal, and a drain coupled to an output terminal for providing the output signal; and

an N-channel transistor having a drain coupled to the drain of the P-channel transistor, a gate coupled to the second control signal, and a source coupled to a first reference voltage less positive than the first power supply voltage.

8. The amplifier circuit of claim 6 further comprising:

a first frequency stabilizing capacitor having a first electrode coupled to the first intermediate stage, and a second electrode coupled to the output stage at an output terminal formed between the two transistors of opposite conductivity; and

a second frequency stabilizing capacitor having a first electrode coupled to the second intermediate stage, and a second electrode coupled to the output terminal.

9. A method of providing an amplifier having a wide output voltage range in relation to a power supply voltage range for both low and high power supply voltage potentials, comprising the steps of:

providing an input stage with a first differential input pair of transistors, a load coupled to the first pair of transistors, and a current source coupled to the first pair of transistors for providing a first predetermined current to the first pair of transistors;

coupling first and second intermediate stages in parallel to the input stage for providing first and second control signals, respectively;

coupling two transistors of opposite conductivity in series between terminals for receiving the high and low power supply voltage potentials, said two transistors receiving the first and second control signals, respectively, and providing an output signal in response thereto, and conducting a substantially constant output quiescent current of predetermined value when no output load is coupled to the two transistors;

coupling control means to the input stage, the first and second intermediate stages and the two transistors of opposite conductivity for biasing a second differential input pair of transistors by mirroring the predetermined output quiescent current in each of the two transistors of opposite conductivity to the control means; and

mirroring first and second compensation currents to the first and second intermediate stages to adjust variations of the output quiescent current in response to deviation from the predetermined value.