Stereoscopic fluoroscope arrangement

• US 4,737,972 A
• Filed: 11/21/1986
• Issued: 04/12/1988
• Est. Priority Date: 02/24/1982
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Schoolman Scientific Corporation
• Original Assignee: Schoolman Scientific Corporation
• Inventors: Schoolman, Arnold
• Primary Examiner(s): Fields, Carolyn E.
• Assistant Examiner(s): NOT, DEFINED
• Application Number:
  US06/935,066
• Time in Patent Office: 508 Days
• Field of Search: 378/99, 378/41, 378/42, 358/111
• US Class Current: 378/41
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 1/00193 adapted for stereoscopic vision
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/022 Stereoscopic imaging
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/4441 the rigid structure being a C-arm or U-arm
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/462 characterised by constructional features of the display
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/462 characterised by constructional features of the display
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/463 characterised by displaying multiple images or images and diagnostic data on one display composite display in devices for short-range imaging with acoustic waves G01S7/52074
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 30/34 Stereoscopes providing a stereoscopic pair of separated images corresponding to parallactically displaced views of the same object, e.g. 3D slide viewers
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 30/35 using reflective optical elements in the optical path between the images and the observer
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 13/158 Switching image signals
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 13/189 Recording image signals; Reproducing recorded image signals
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 13/194 Transmission of image signals
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 13/221 using the relative movement between cameras and objects
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 13/239 using two 2D image sensors having a relative position equal to or related to the interocular distance H04N13/243 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 13/275 from 3D object models, e.g. computer-generated stereoscopic image signals
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 13/286 having separate monoscopic and stereoscopic modes
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 13/296 Synchronisation thereof; Control thereof
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 13/344 with head-mounted left-right displays
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 13/398 Synchronisation thereof; Control thereof

Abstract

A stereoscopic fluoroscope apparatus includes a pair of spaced x-ray tubes mounted on a support opposite a respective pair of x-ray image intensifiers having a pair of video cameras coupled thereto. The x-ray tubes and image intensifiers are positioned to form a stereoscopic pair of fluorescent images which are converted to video signals by the cameras. The cameras are connected to a head worn video stereoscopic display including miniature right and left video display devices therein for stereoscopic viewing of the images produced by irradiating a target of examination. The apparatus includes provisions for selectively routing the video signals representing the x-ray images to external signal receivers such as remote video monitors, video recorders, or computers and for routing external video signals to the stereoscopic display unit for displaying the images represented thereby.

Claims

1. A stereoscopic fluoroscope apparatus comprising:

(a) a right x-ray source and a left x-ray source supported in spaced relation and controlled to irradiate a target of examination with x-rays;

(b) a right image intensifier and a left image intensifier each supported in spaced relation to a respective x-ray source to form a fluorescent radiographic image wherein said target is irradiated by x-rays of the associated x-ray source;

(c) a right video camera and a left video camera coupled respectively with the image intensifiers and converting the fluorescent images to video signals representing same;

(d) a video stereoscopic display unit including right and left video display devices operatively connected respectively to said right and left cameras and positioned for stereoscopic viewing of said images of said target, said right and left video display devices being liquid crystal display devices; and

(e) head support means having said stereoscopic display unit mounted thereon for supporting said display unit entirely by the head of a viewer of said display unit.

2. An apparatus as set forth in claim 1 including:

(a) timer switch means connected to the x-ray sources to periodically and alternately activate said x-ray sources to irradiate said target.

3. An apparatus as set forth in claim 1 including:

(a) video recorder means interconnected between said cameras and said display unit for recording said video signals representing said images of said target.

4. An apparatus as set forth in claim 1 including:

(a) an extra video monitor interconnected between said cameras and said display unit for displaying images sensed by one of said cameras at a location remote from said display unit.

5. An apparatus as set forth in claim 1 including:

(a) computer means interconnected between said cameras and said display unit for digitizing and storing said images and for displaying previously digitized and stored images on said display unit.

6. An apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein:

(a) said video display devices are color video display devices; and

(b) said computer means includes color graphics circuitry for color enhancing said images and for displaying the color enhanced images on said display unit.

7. An apparatus as set forth in claim 1 including:

(a) video signal switching means interconnected between said cameras and said display unit and providing for the routing of said video signals from said cameras to external video signal utilization devices and the routing of external video signals to said display unit to display images represented by said external video signals on said display unit.

8. An apparatus as set forth in claim 1 including:

(a) a substantially semicircular support arm supporting the x-ray sources and the image intensifiers and cameras in respective diametrically spaced relation.

9. An apparatus as set forth in claim 8 including:

(a) a support base having said support arm movably connected thereto; and

(b) motor means connected between said base and said arm for selective positioning of said x-ray sources and said image intensifiers and cameras in relation to said target.

10. A stereoscopic fluoroscope apparatus comprising:

(a) a support base;

(b) a substantially semicircular support arm movably connected to said base;

(c) motor means connected between said base and said arm to selectively position said arm;

(d) a right x-ray source and a left x-ray source positioned in spaced relation on said arm;

(e) timer switch means connected to the x-ray sources to periodically and alternately activate said x-ray sources to irradiate a target of examination;

(f) a right image intensifier and a left image intensifier positioned in spaced relation on said arm and diametrically across said arm respectively from said x-ray sources, the image intensifiers forming respective fluorescent images of said target as irradiated by the associated x-ray source;

(g) a right video camera and a left video camera coupled respectively to said image intensifiers and converting the fluorescent images to respective signals representing same;

(h) a video stereoscopic display unit including right and left video display devices operatively connected respectively to said right and left cameras and positioned for stereoscopic viewing of said images of said target, said right and left video display devices being liquid crystal display devices; and

(i) head support means having said stereoscopic display unit mounted thereon for supporting said display unit entirely by the head of a viewer of said display unit.

11. An apparatus as set forth in claim 10 including:

(a) computer means interconnected between said cameras and said display unit for digitizing and storing said images and for displaying previously digitized and stored images on said display unit.

12. An apparatus as set forth in claim 10 including:

(a) an extra video monitor interconnected between said cameras and said display unit for displaying images sensed by one of said cameras at a location remote from said display unit.

13. A stereoscopic fluoroscope apparatus comprising:

(a) a support base;

(b) a substantially semicircular support arm movably connected to said base;

(c) motor means connected between said base and said arm to selectively position said arm;

(d) a right x-ray source and a left x-ray source positioned in spaced relation on said arm;

(e) timer switch means connected to the x-ray sources to periodically and alternately activate said x-ray sources to irradiate a target of examination;

(f) a right image intensifier and a left image intensifier positioned in spaced relation on said arm and diametrically across said arm respectively from said x-ray sources, the image intensifiers forming respective fluorescent images of said target as irradiated by the associated x-ray source;

(g) a right video camera and a left video camera coupled respectively to said image intensifiers and converting said fluorescent images to respective video signals representing same;

(h) a video stereoscopic display unit including right and left color video display devices operatively connected respectively to said right and left cameras and positioned for stereoscopic viewing of said images of said target, said right and left color video display devices being color liquid crystal display devices;

(i) computer means interconnected between said cameras and said display unit to digitize and store said images and to display previously digitized and stored images on said display unit;

(j) said computer means including color graphics circuitry to color enhance said images and to display the color enhanced images on said display unit; and

(k) head support means having said stereoscopic display unit mounted thereon for supporting said display unit entirely by the head of a viewer of said display unit.

14. A stereoscopic fluoroscope apparatus comprising:

(a) a right x-ray source and a left x-ray source supported in spaced relation and controlled to irradiate a target of examination with x-rays;

(b) a right image intensifier and a left image intensifier each supported in spaced relation to a respective x-ray source to form a fluorescent radiographic image such that said target is irradiated by x-rays of the associated x-ray source;

(c) a right video camera and a left video camera coupled respectively with the image intensifiers and converting the fluorescent images to video signals representing same;

(d) a video stereoscopic display unit including right and left video display devices operatively connected respectively to said right and left cameras and positioned for stereoscopic viewing of said images of said target, said right and left video display devices being cathode ray tubes; and

(e) head support means having said stereoscopic display unit mounted thereon for supporting said display unit entirely by the head of a viewer of said display unit.

15. A stereoscopic fluoroscope apparatus comprising:

(a) a support base;

(b) a substantially semicircular support arm movably connected to said base;

(c) motor means connected between said base and said arm to selectively position said arm;

(d) a right x-ray source and a left x-ray source positioned in spaced relation on said arm;

(e) timer switch means connected to the x-ray sources to periodically and alternately activate said x-ray sources to irradiate a target of examination;

(f) a right image intensifier and a left image intensifier positioned in spaced relation on said arm and diametrically across said arm respectively from said x-ray sources, the image intensifiers forming respective fluorescent images of said target as irradiated by the associated x-ray source;

(g) a right video camera and a left video camera coupled respectively to said image intensifiers and converting the fluorescent images to respective signals representing same;

(h) a video stereoscopic display unit including right and left video display devices operatively connected respectively to said right and left cameras and positioned for stereoscopic viewing of said images of said target, said right and left video display devices being cathode ray tubes; and

(i) head support means having said stereoscopic display unit mounted thereon for supporting said display unit entirely by the head of a viewer of said display unit.

16. A stereoscopic fluoroscope apparatus comprising:

(a) a support base;

(b) a substantially semicircular support arm movably connected to said base;

(c) motor means connected between said base and said arm to selectively position said arm;

(d) a right x-ray source and a left x-ray source positioned in spaced relation on said arm;

(e) timer switch means connected to the x-ray sources to periodically and alternately activate said x-ray sources to irradiate a target of examination;

(f) a right image intensifier and a left image intensifier positioned in spaced relation on said arm and diametrically across said arm respectively from said x-ray sources, the image intensifiers forming respective fluorescent images of said target as irradiated by the associated x-ray source;

(g) a right video camera and a left video camera coupled respectively to said image intensifiers and converting said fluorescent images to respective video signals representing same;

(h) a video stereoscopic display unit including right and left color video display devices operatively connected respectively to said right and left cameras and positioned for stereoscopic viewing of said images of said target, said right and left color video display devices being color cathode ray tubes;

(i) computer means interconnected between said cameras and said display unit to digitize and store said images and to display previously digitized and stored images on said display unit;

(j) said computer means including color graphics circuitry to color enhance said images and to display the color enhanced images on said display unit; and

(k) head support means having said stereoscopic display unit mounted thereon for supporting said display unit entirely by the head of a viewer of said display unit.