Temperature limiting arrangement for a glass-ceramic cooktop appliance

• US 4,740,664 A
• Filed: 01/05/1987
• Issued: 04/26/1988
• Est. Priority Date: 01/05/1987
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: General Electric Company
• Original Assignee: General Electric Company
• Inventors: Welle, Louis A. Jr., Payne, Thomas R.
• Primary Examiner(s): Shaw, Clifford C.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Walberg, Teresa J.
• Application Number:
  US07/000,684
• Time in Patent Office: 477 Days
• Field of Search: 219/448, 219/449, 219/450, 219/451, 219/452, 219/453, 219/458, 219/459, 219/464, 219/492, 219/493, 219/494, 219/497, 219/463, 219/460
• US Class Current: 219/448.12
• CPC Class Codes: G05D 23/24 the sensing element having a resistance varying with temperature, e.g. a thermistor
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 2213/04 Heating plates with overheat protection means
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 2213/07 Heating plates with temperature control means
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 3/74 Non-metallic plates , e.g. vitroceramic, ceramic or glassceramic hobs, also including power or control circuits

Abstract

An improved power control system for a glas-ceramic cooktop appliance of the type having at least one radiant heating unit disposed beneath the glass-ceramic cooking surface, and a user actuable input keyboard to enable the user to select one of a plurality of power settings for the heating unit. The control system monitors the glass-ceramic temperature and the rate of change of the glass-ceramic temperature to detect abnormal thermal load conditions on the glass-ceramic cooking surface. Upon detection of an abnormal load condition, the power level applied to the heating unit is lowered as a function of the sensed glass-ceramic temperature, the temperature rate of change, and the user selected power setting, to limit the temperature of the glass-ceramic cooking surface so as to avoid damage by excessive temperatures resulting from the abnormal thermal load conditions on the cooking surface.

Claims

1. In a household cooking appliance of the type having a glass-ceramic cooking surface for supporting loads to be heated, at least one radiant heating unit disposed beneath the glass-ceramic cooking surface to heat loads supported thereon, and user actuable input selection means for enabling the user to select one of a plurality of power settings for the heating unit;

a power control system comprising;

temperature sensing means for sensing the temperature of the glass-ceramic support surface proximate the heating unit; and

power control means responsive to the input selection means and said temperature sensing means, and operative to operate the heating unit at a steady state power level corresponding to the user selected power setting;

said power control means including means for determining the rate of change of the sensed glass-ceramic temperature, and means for monitoring the glass-ceramic temperature and the temperature rate of change to detect an abnormal thermal load condition on the glass-ceramic cooking surface;

said power control means being operative in response to detection of an abnormal load condition to operate the heating unit at a power level lower than the steady state power level associated with the user selected power setting, said lower level being determined as a function of the sensed glass-ceramic temperature, the temperature rate of change, and the user selected power setting, to limit the temperature of glass-ceramic cooking surface so as to avoid damage by excessive temperatures resulting from abnormal thermal load conditions on the cooking surface.

2. The power control system of claim 1 wherein said means for monitoring the glass-ceramic temperature and the temperature rate of change to detect an abnormal load condition comprises means for comparing the sensed glass-ceramic temperature to a predetermined threshold reference temperature and means for comparing the measured temperature rate of change to a predetermined reference rate of change representing an abnormal load condition on the glass-ceramic cooking surface for the heating unit, said monitoring means detecting an abnormal load condition when the sensed temperature exceeds the reference temperature and the measured temperature rate of change exceeds the reference rate of change.

3. The power control system of claim 1 wherein said means for monitoring the glass-ceramic temperature and the rate of change to detect an abnormal load condition comprises means for comparing said sensed temperature to a first threshold reference temperature, a second threshold reference temperature higher than said first reference temperature, and a third reference temperature higher than said second reference temperature and means for comparing the measured rate of change temperature to a first reference rate of change representative of a first abnormal load condition, a second predetermined reference rate of change less than said first rate of change representing a second abnormal load condition and a third reference rate of change less than said second rate of change representing a third abnormal load condition,

said monitoring means detecting an abnormal load condition when said sensed temperature is greater than said first reference temperature and said measured rate of change exceeds said first reference rate of change or when said measured glass-ceramic temperature exceeds said second reference temperature and said measured rate of change exceeds either said first reference rate of change or said second reference rate of change or when said sensed utensil temperature exceeds said third reference temperature and said measured rate of change exceeds said first reference rate, said second reference rate or said third reference rate.

4. The power control system of claim 3 wherein said power control means is operative to reduce the power level applied to the surface unit by a first amount when said sensed temperature exceeds said first reference and said measured rate of change exceeds said first reference rate of change or when said sensed temperature exceeds said second reference and said measured rate of change exceeds said second reference rate, or when said sensed temperature exceeds said third reference rate and said measured rate of change exceeds said third reference rate of change, and to reduce the power level by a second amount greater than said first amount when said sensed temperature exceeds said second reference temperature and said measured rate exceeds said first reference rate or when said measured temperature exceeds said third reference temperature and the measured rate exceeds said second reference rate and to reduce the power level applied to the heating unit by a third amount greater than said second amount when said sensed temperature exceeds said third reference temperature and said measured rate exceeds said first reference rate.

5. Power control system of claim 4 wherein said first abnormal load condition corresponds to a boil dry condition, said second abnormal load condition corresponds to a warped pan condition, and said third abnormal condition corresponds to a no load condition.

6. Power control system of claim 3 wherein said first abnormal load condition corresponds to a boil dry condition, said second abnormal load condition corresponds to a warped pan condition, and said third abnormal condition corresponds to a no load condition.

7. Power control system of claim 1 wherein said means for monitoring said sensed temperature and said rate of change of said sensed temperature to detect an abnormal load condition comprises means for comparing the sensed glass-ceramic temperature to a first predetermined reference temperature representative of an abnoraally high temperature condition and means for comparing the rate of change to a predetermined negative reference rate of change, said abnormal load condition being detected when said sensed temperature exceeds said reference temperature and said measured rate of change is less negative than said reference rate of change,

whereby said power control arrangement operates the heating unit at successively lower power levels until the abnormal operating condition is corrected as signified by a glass-ceramic temperature less than said reference or a measured rate of change of glass-ceramic temperature more negative than said reference rate.

8. The power control arrangement of claim 7 wherein said power control means is further operative following the reduction of the power level applied to the heating unit to a level lower than the steady state level in response to the detection of an abnormal load condition after such a condition ceases to be detected, to gradually increase the power level applied to the heating unit until the applied power level again equals the steady state power level or until detection of an abnormal load condition recurs.

9. The control system of claim 8 wherein the means for measuring the temperature rate of change comprises timing means for establishing the time interval between successive rate of change measurements;

said timing means establishing a first time interval when the measured glass-ceramic temperature is above a second predetermined reference temperature lower than said first reference temperature representing the maximum desired steady state temperature for the glass-ceramic cooking surface and establishing a second time interval shorter than said first time interval when the sensed temperature is less than said second reference temperature.

10. The power control arrangement of claim 9 further comprising means for comparing the sensed glass-ceramic temperature to a third reference temperature higher than said second reference temperature, and wherein said power control means is operative to further lower the power level applied to the heating unit strictly as a function of the sensed glass-ceramic temperature, when the sensed glass-ceramic temperature exceeds said third reference temperature, to provide a quick response to excessive glass-ceramic temperature conditions.

11. In a household cooking appliance of the type having a ceramic glass-ceramic cooking surface for supporting loads to be heated, and at least one radiant heating unit disposed beneath the glass-ceramic cooking surface to heat loads supported thereon, a power control system comprising:

user actuable input selection means for enabling the user to select one of a plurality of power settings for the heating unit;

temperature sensing means for sensing the temperature of the glass-ceramic support surface proximate the heating unit., and

power control means responsive to said input selection means and said temperature sensing means, and operative to operate the heating unit at a steady state power level corresponding to the user selected power setting;

said power control means including means for comparing the sensed glass-ceramic temperature to a first predetermined reference temperature, means for measuring the rate of change of the sensed glass-ceramic temperature;

means for comparing the rate of change of the sensed glass-ceramic temperature to a positive reference rate of change representative of an abnormal load condition on the glass-ceramic cooking surface, means for comparing the measured glass-ceramic temperature to a second reference temperature higher than said first reference temperature, representative of an undesirably high glass-ceramic temperature and means for comparing the measured rate of change to a negative reference rate of change when the sensed temperature exceeds said second reference value;

said power control means being operative to operate the heating unit at a power level lower than the steady state power level associated with the user selected power setting when said sensed temperature is greater than said first reference temperature and said positive reference rate of change, or when said sensed temperature is greater than said second reference temperature and the measured rate is less negative than the negative reference rate of change, the lower power level being determined as a function of the sensed glass-ceramic temperature, the measured rate of change and the user selected power setting;

whereby as the glass-ceramic is heating up, the power is lowered when the temperature rate of change indicates the existence of an abnormal load condition characterized by an undesirably rapid increase in temperature, and the power level applied to the heating unit is also lowered if the temperature of the glass-ceramic is at an undesirably high temperature and is not decreasing at a satisfactory rate.

12. The control system of claim 11 wherein the means for measuring the slope comprises timing means for establishing the time interval between successive comparisons of the rate of change to the negative reference rate, said timing means establishing a first time interval when the measured glass-ceramic temperature is above a third predetermined reference temperature lower than said second reference temperature representing the maximum acceptable steady state temperature for the glass-ceramic cooking surface and establishing a second time interval shorter than said first time interval when the sensed temperature is less than said second reference temperature whereby the rate of decrease is measured more often when the sensed glass-ceramic temperature is below the third reference temperature to enable the power level to be increased toward the steady state level quickly in the event the power level had been reduced more than necessary to compensate for an abnormal load condition.

13. The power control arrangement of claim 12 further comprising means for comparing the sensed glass-ceramic temperature to a fourth reference temperature higher than said second reference temperature, and wherein said power control means is operative to further lower the power level applied to the heating unit strictly as a function of the sensed glass-ceramic temperature when the sensed glass-ceramic temperature exceeds said fourth reference temperature.

14. An electronic controller for a household cooking appliance of the type having a glass-ceramic cooking surface for supporting loads to be heated, and at least one radiant heating unit disposed beneath the glass-ceramic cooking surface to heat loads supported thereon, user actuable input selection means for enabling the user to select one of a plurality of power settings for the heating unit, and temperature sensing means for sensing the temperature of the glass-ceramic support surface proximate the heating unit, said electronic controller comprising:

power control means responsive to the input selection means and the temperature sensing means, operative to apply a steady state power level corresponding to the user selected power setting to the heating unit;

means for determining the rate of change of the sensed glass-ceramic temperature; and

means for monitoring the glass-ceramic temperature and the temperature rate of change to detect an abnormal thermal load condition on the glass-ceramic cooking surface;

said power control means being further operative in response to detection of an abnormal load condition to operate the heating unit at a power level lower than the steady state power level associated with the user selected power setting, said lower level being determined as a function of the sensed glass-ceramic temperature, the temperature rate of change, and the user selected power setting, to limit the temperature of glass-ceramic cooking surface so as to avoid damage by excessive temperatures resulting from abnormal thermal load conditions on the cooking surface.

15. The power control system of claim 14 wherein said means for monitoring the glass-ceramic temperature and the temperature rate of change to detect an abnormal load condition comprises means for comparing the sensed glass-ceramic temperature to a predetermined threshold reference temperature and means for comparing the measured temperature rate of change to a predetermined reference rate of change representing an abnormal load condition on the glass-ceramic cooking surface for the heating unit, said monitoring means detecting an abnormal load condition when the sensed temperature exceeds the reference temperature and the measured temperature rate of change exceeds the reference rate of change.

16. The power control system of claim 14 wherein said means for monitoring the glass-ceramic temperature and the rate of change to detect an abnormal load condition comprises means for comparing said sensed temperature to a first threshold reference temperature, a second threshold reference temperature higher than said first reference temperature, and a third reference temperature higher than said second reference temperature and means for comparing the measured rate of change temperature to a first reference rate of change representative of a first abnormal load condition, a second predetermined reference rate of change less than said first rate of change representing a second abnormal load condition and a third reference rate of change less than said second rate of change representing a third abnormal load condition,

said monitoring means detecting an abnormal load condition when said sensed temperature is greater than said first reference temperature and said measured rate of change exceeds said first reference rate of change or when said measured glass-ceramic temperature exceeds said second reference temperature and said measured rate of change exceeds either said first reference rate of change or said second reference rate of change or when said sensed utensil temperature exceeds said third reference temperature and said measured rate of change exceeds said first reference rate, said second reference rate or said third reference rate.

17. The power control system of claim 16 wherein said power control means is operative to reduce the power level applied to the surface unit by a first amount when said sensed temperature exceeds said first reference and said measured rate of change exceeds said first reference rate of change or when said sensed temperature exceeds said second reference and said measured rate of change exceeds said second reference rate, or when said sensed temperature exceeds said third reference rate and said measured rate of change exceeds said third reference rate of change, and to reduce the power level by a second amount greater than said first amount when said sensed temperature exceeds said second reference temperature and said measured rate exceeds said first reference rate or when said measured temperature exceeds said third reference temperature and the measured rate exceeds said second reference rate and to reduce the power level applied to the heating unit by a third amount greater than said second amount when said sensed temperature exceeds said third reference temperature and said reference rate exceeds said first reference rate.

18. Power control system of claim 14 wherein said means for monitoring said sensed temperature and said rate of change of said sensed temperature to detect an abnormal load condition comprises means for comparing the sensed glass-ceramic temperature to a first predetermined reference temperature representative of an abnormally high temperature condition and means for comparing the rate of change to a predetermined negative reference rate of change, said abnormal load condition being detected when said sensed temperature exceeds said reference temperature and said measured rate of change is less negative than said reference rate of change,

whereby said power control arrangement operates the heating unit at successively lower power levels until the abnormal operating condition is corrected as signified by a glass-ceramic temperature less than said reference or a measured rate of change of glass-ceramic temperature more negative than said reference rate.

19. The power control arrangement of claim 18 wherein said power control means is further operative following the reduction of the power level applied to the heating unit to a level lower than the steady state level in response to the detection of an abnormal load condition after such a condition ceases to be detected, to gradually increase the power level applied to the heating unit until the applied power level again equals the steady state power level or until detection of an abnormal load condition recurs.

20. The control system of claim 19 wherein the means for measuring the temperature rate of change comprises timing means for establishing the time interval between successive rate of change measurements;

said timing means establishing a first time interval when the measured glass-ceramic temperature is above a second predetermined reference temperature lower than said first reference temperature representing the maximum desired steady state temperature for the glass-ceramic cooking surface and establishing a second time interval shorter than said first time interval when the sensed temperature is less than said second reference temperature.

21. The power control arrangement of claim 20 further comprising means for comparing the sensed glass-ceramic temperature to a third reference temperature higher than said second reference temperature, and wherein said power control means is operative to further lower the power level applied to the heating unit strictly as a function of the sensed glass-ceramic temperature, when the sensed glass-ceramic temperature exceeds said third reference temperature, to provide a quick response to excessive glass-ceramic temperature conditions.

22. A method of controlling power in a cooking appliance of the type having a radiant heating unit disposed beneath a glass-ceramic cooking surface with means for sensing the temperature of the glass-ceramic cooking surface proximate the heating unit, user actuable input selection means for enabling the user to select from a plurality of power settings for the heating unit, said power control method comprising the steps of:

operating the electric heating unit at a steady state power level corresponding to the user selected power setting;

periodically measuring the glass-ceramic cooking surface temperature and comparing the measured temperature to a threshold reference temperature;

when the measured temperature is above the threshold temperature, periodically computing the rate of change of the measured temperature and comparing the computed rate to a reference rate representing an abnormal load condition on the cooking surface., and

when the measured rate is greater than the reference rate, reducing the power level applied to the heating unit as a function of the measured glass-ceramic temperature, the measured rate of change of the glass-ceramic temperature, and the user selected power setting to protect the glass-ceramic cooking surface from excessive temperatures.