Method and apparatus for repairing metal in an article

• US 4,743,733 A
• Filed: 10/01/1984
• Issued: 05/10/1988
• Est. Priority Date: 10/01/1984
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: General Electric Company
• Original Assignee: General Electric Company
• Inventors: Mehta, Paul P., Cooper, Ernest B. Jr., Otten, Robert R.
• Primary Examiner(s): Albritton, C. L.
• Application Number:
  US06/655,775
• Time in Patent Office: 1,317 Days
• Field of Search: 219/121 LE, 219/121 LF, 219/121 LC, 219/121 LD, 219/121 EC, 219/121 ED, 219/121 EP, 219/121 EG, 427/53.1, 118/641
• US Class Current: 219/121.66
• CPC Class Codes: B05B 7/1445 involving vibrations B05B7/145 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: B05B 7/1463 the means for supplying particulate material comprising a gas inlet for pressurising or avoiding depressurisation of a powder container
• CPC Class Codes: B05B 7/166 the material to be sprayed being heated in a container B05B7/208 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: B05B 7/228 using electromagnetic radiation, e.g. laser
• CPC Class Codes: B23K 2103/50 Inorganic material, e.g. metals, not provided for in B23K2103/02 – B23K2103/26
• CPC Class Codes: B23K 26/32 taking account of the properties of the material involved
• CPC Class Codes: B23K 26/34 Laser welding for purposes other than joining
• CPC Class Codes: B23K 35/0244 Powders, particles or spheres; Preforms made therefrom
• CPC Class Codes: B23P 6/007 using only additive methods, e.g. build-up welding
• CPC Class Codes: F01D 5/005 Repairing methods or devices

Abstract

In the repair of a metallic article portion, a metal powder and laser beam are applied concurrently, the laser beam being applied in a power density range of 10⁴ to 10⁶ watts per square centimeter at an interaction time between the laser and the article and powder of 0.005-2 seconds to generate a repair layer.

Apparatus for delivering a consistent, continuous flow of powder comprises the combination of an enclosed powder reservoir including means to introduce a gas under pressure, a mechanical means to feed powder into a conduit, a conduit vibrating means, and a fluid-cooled powder delivery nozzle.

Claims

1. In a method for repairing an article having an article portion of a metallic material, the steps of:

concurrently applying to the article portion a laser beam and a powder comprising metal powder;

the metal powder being of a composition substantially the same as the metallic material of the article portion;

the laser being applied, at a laser beam spot, to the powder and the article portion beneath the powder in a power density range of 10⁴ to 10⁶ watts per square centimeter to melt both the metal powder and material of the article portion to generate a molten interaction zone from the metal powder and the metallic material of the article portion, while

maintaining an interaction time in the range of 0.005-2 seconds between the beam and the powder and article portion beneath the powder thereby reducing the heat affected zone in the article portion and providing a repair layer on the article portion consolidated from the powder and metallic material of the portion.

2. The method of claim 1 in which relative lateral movement is provided between the laser beam spot and the article portion between the laser beam spot and the article portion to cooperate with the power density in maintaining the interaction time and to enable progressive movement, cooling and resolidification of the molten interaction zone.

3. The method of claim 1 in which the laser beam is of a continuous wave type.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein:

the powder is applied at a rate in the range of about 1-30 grams per minute; and

the laser is applied with a beam spot size at the article portion in the range of about 0.005-0.2 inches.

5. The method of claim 1 for repairing an article having an article portion of a metallic material, the portion including an edge of the article, wherein the laser is applied with the central axis of the beam spot being away from the edge of the article.

6. The method of claim 1 in which the powder is provided in a substantially moisture-free condition.

7. The method of claim 6 in which the powder is heated to remove moisture prior to applying the powder to the article portion.

8. The method of claim 1 wherein the sequence of steps is repeated to provide a plurality of superimposed, bonded-together repair layers using the preceding repair layer as the article portion for the concurrent application of powder and laser beam.