Multi-frequency jet ventilation technique and apparatus
First Claim
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1. A variable frequency jet ventilator system comprising:
- entrainment module means for defining an entrainment chamber having an axis and a supply outlet which is coaxial with said chamber, said entrainment module means further defining an inlet port and a constantly open vent port for said entrainment chamber, said inlet and vent ports being in uninterrupted fluid communication via said entrainment chamber whereby gas entering said entrainment chamber through said inlet port may continuously flow through said vent port, each of said ports having an axis and upstream and downstream ends, said inlet port and said vent port being generally axially aligned;
means connected to the upstream end of said inlet port for continuously supplying humidified gas to said entrainment chamber via said inlet port to thereby establish a bias flow across said entrainment chamber between said inlet and vent ports;
means for generating pulses of gas;
means for controlling said pulse generating means to vary the frequency of generation of the gas pulses;
nozzle means for imparting a high velocity to gas pulses, said nozzle means having a discharge end which opens into said entrainment chamber, said nozzle means being fluidically coupled to said pulse generating means to receive the pulses of gas whereby high velocity gas pulses are discharged into said entrainment chamber, said nozzle means being oriented to cause the discharged gas pulses to be directed along said entrainment chamber axis toward said supply outlet, said nozzle means being positioned such that high velocity gas pulses discharged from said nozzle means will entrain humidified gas from the bias flow to produce humidified gas pulses which exit said supply outlet; and
means coupled to said entrainment chamber supply outlet for delivering the humidified gas pulses to a patient'"'"'s respiratory system.
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Abstract
Respiration therapy is accomplished by generating pulses of inhalation gas for delivery to a patient. The inhalation gas pulses may be generated by entraining humidified low pressure gas with pulses of high pressure entrainment gas. The pulses of entrainment gas may be of variable frequency, duration and duty cycle and are produced by modulating the flow of a highly pressured gas with a solenoid operated valve.
198 Citations
21 Claims
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1. A variable frequency jet ventilator system comprising:
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entrainment module means for defining an entrainment chamber having an axis and a supply outlet which is coaxial with said chamber, said entrainment module means further defining an inlet port and a constantly open vent port for said entrainment chamber, said inlet and vent ports being in uninterrupted fluid communication via said entrainment chamber whereby gas entering said entrainment chamber through said inlet port may continuously flow through said vent port, each of said ports having an axis and upstream and downstream ends, said inlet port and said vent port being generally axially aligned; means connected to the upstream end of said inlet port for continuously supplying humidified gas to said entrainment chamber via said inlet port to thereby establish a bias flow across said entrainment chamber between said inlet and vent ports; means for generating pulses of gas; means for controlling said pulse generating means to vary the frequency of generation of the gas pulses; nozzle means for imparting a high velocity to gas pulses, said nozzle means having a discharge end which opens into said entrainment chamber, said nozzle means being fluidically coupled to said pulse generating means to receive the pulses of gas whereby high velocity gas pulses are discharged into said entrainment chamber, said nozzle means being oriented to cause the discharged gas pulses to be directed along said entrainment chamber axis toward said supply outlet, said nozzle means being positioned such that high velocity gas pulses discharged from said nozzle means will entrain humidified gas from the bias flow to produce humidified gas pulses which exit said supply outlet; and means coupled to said entrainment chamber supply outlet for delivering the humidified gas pulses to a patient'"'"'s respiratory system. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17)
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18. A variable frequency jet ventilation system comprising:
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means for generating gas pulses, said gas pulse generating means including; a source of pressurized gas, said gas source having a discharge port; conduit means having first and second ends, said conduit means being coupled at a first end thereof to said discharge port; normally closed valve means interposed in said conduit means to selectively interrupt the flow of pressurized gas from said source through said conduit means, said valve means comprising a solenoid actuated valve; and means for generating control voltage pulses for said valve means solenoid operated valve, said control voltage pulses each having at least initial and second magnitude levels, said second voltage level being sufficient to cause current flow through the solenoid of the valve adequate to hold the valve in the open state but insufficient to open the valve, said initial voltage level being greater than said second voltage level and causing sufficient current flow through the solenoid of the valve to actuate the valve from the closed state to the open state; means defining an entrainment chamber, said entrainment chamber having a supply outlet at one end thereof, said supply outlet having an axis; nozzle means for imparting high velocity to gas pulses delivered thereto, said nozzle means being in fluid communication with said gas pulse generating means via the second end of said conduit means and having an open discharge end which extends into said entrainment chamber whereby the generated gas pulses are accelerated injected into said chamber, said nozzle means having an axis and which is generally coaxial with said discharge end and said entrainment chamber supply outlet whereby gas pulses injected into said entrainment chamber from said nozzle means discharge end are directed toward said supply outlet, said nozzle means being at least in part externally shaped to smoothly diverge in the upstream direction from the discharge end thereof; means for establishing a stream of gas across said entrainment chamber, the established gas stream being directed to at least in part intersect the axis of said nozzle means and supply outlet, the gas stream establishing means being located and oriented such that gas pulses from said nozzle means will entrain gas from the gas stream and carry the entrained gas through said supply outlet; means for constantly venting said entrainment chamber, said venting means being positioned to receive the gas stream; and means coupled to said entrainment chamber defining means supply outlet for delivering the gas pulses with entrained gas from the stream to the respiratory system of a patient. - View Dependent Claims (19, 20, 21)
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Specification