Illuminator for cultivating plant

• US 4,749,916 A
• Filed: 06/18/1985
• Issued: 06/07/1988
• Est. Priority Date: 12/19/1984
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha (Mitsubishi Electric Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha (Mitsubishi Electric Corporation)
• Inventors: Yamanoshita, Makoto, Anzai, Yoshinori, Yamazaki, Hiroyoshi
• Primary Examiner(s): NOT, DEFINED
• Application Number:
  US06/746,077
• Time in Patent Office: 1,085 Days
• Field of Search: 315/DIG. 4, 315/DIG. 5, 315/DIG. 7, 315/307, 315/308, 315/312, 315/313, 315/314, 315/97, 315/360, 315/362, 315/254, 47/DIG. 6
• US Class Current: 315/254
• CPC Class Codes: A01G 7/045 with electric lighting
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 41/42 in two steps only
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 60/14 Measures for saving energy, e.g. in green houses
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 315/05 Starting and operating circuit for fluorescent lamp
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 315/07 Starting and control circuits for gas discharge lamp using transistors
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 47/06 Plant growth regulation by control of light thereon

Abstract

An illuminator for cultivating a plant by a discharge lamp excited by the output of a high frequency power source by utilizing photosynthetic mechanism. The output power of the high frequency power source is controlled to high and low powers by a bright and dark controller to alternatively supply the high and low powers to the discharge lamp in predetermined periods.

Claims

1. An illuminator to provide light for cultivating a plant comprising:

high frequency power source means having an output and an input connected via a converter to a d.c. power source,

discharge lamp means excited by the output of said high frequency power source means to supply light for cultivating the plant, and

bright and dark controller means for controlling the output of said high frequency power source means to alternatively supply high power and low power to said discharge lamp means,

said controller means controlling to satisfy the conditions of F₁ /F₀ ≧

2, t₁ >

100 microseconds, t₀ +t₁ <

20 milliseconds, where t₁ is the period of the high power to be supplied to said discharge lamp, t₀ is the period of the low power, F₀ is the rated power of said discharge lamp means, and F₁ is the high supply power.

3. An illuminator as claimed in claim 1 wherein said discharge lamp means includes a plurality of discharge lamps arranged to irradiate from above and below the plant and controlled by said controller means to provide different intensities and periods of illumination to permit adjustment of bright and dark periods.

4. An illuminator as claimed in claim 1 wherein the d.c. power source is a rectified a.c. power source.

5. An illuminator as claimed in claim 1 further including asymmetrical discharge detection means for detecting when said discharge lamp means becomes an asymmetrical discharge state so as to provide a constant output power for said discharge lamp means.

6. An illuminator as claimed in claim 5 further including display means for indicating externally the asymmetrical discharge state detected by said asymmetrical discharge detection means.

7. An illuminator as claimed in claim 5 wherein said bright and dark controller means comprises a reset-type thermal protector operable responsive to temperature rise occurring upon an increase in discharge current.

2. An illuminator to provide light for cultivating a plant comprising:

high frequency power source means having an output and an input connected via a converter to a d.c. power source,

discharge lamp means excited by the output of said high frequency power source means to supply light for cultivating the plant,

bright and dark controller means for controlling the output of said high frequency power source means to alternatively supply high power and low power to said discharge lamp means,

said controller means controlling to satisfy the conditions of F₁ /F₀ ≧

2, t₁ >

100 microseconds, t₀ +t₁ <

20 milliseconds, where t₁ is the period of the high power to be supplied to said discharge lamp and is set at a desired value, t₀ is the period of the low power, F₀ is the rated power of said discharge lamp means, F₁ is the high supply power, and a sum T of the high power period t₁ and the low power period t₀ and the output F₁ are varied in accordance with the set desired value of t₁.

8. A method for cultivating a plant comprising:

irradiating a plant with light in alternating controlled bright and dark periods using a discharge lamp means supplied by alternating high and low power from a high frequency power source means and satisfying the conditions of F₁ /F₀ ≧

2, t₁ >

100 microseconds, t₀ +t₁ <

20 milliseconds, where t₁ is the period of the high power to be supplied to said discharge lamp means, t₀ is the period of the low power, F₀ is the rated power of said discharge lamp means, and F₁ is the high supply power.

9. A method for cultivating a plant according to claim 8 wherein the low supply power is zero or substantially zero to flow a small amount of current through the discharge lamp during dark periods to maintain discharge lamp means discharge during the dark periods.

10. An illuminator to provide light for cultivating a plant comprising:

high frequency power source means provided by a plurality of high frequency power sources and having an output and an input connected via a converter to a d.c. power source,

discharge lamp means excited by the output of said high frequency power source means to supply light for cultivating the plant,

bright and dark controller means including a plurality of bright and dark controllers for controlling the output of said high frequency power source means to alternatively supply high power and low power to said discharge lamp means, said bright and dark controllers being synchronized with each other so that periods of high power thereof are not superposed on one another,

said controller means controlling to satisfy the conditions of F₁ /F₀ ≧

2, t₁ >

100 microseconds, t₀ +t₁ <

20 milliseconds, where t₁ is the period of the high power to be supplied to said discharge lamp and is set at a desired value, t₀ is the period of the low power, F₀ is the rated power of said discharge lamp means, and F₁ is the high supply power.

11. An illuminator to provide light for cultivating a plant comprising:

high frequency power source means provided by a plurality of high frequency power sources and having an output and an input connected via a converter to a d.c. power source,

discharge lamp means including a plurality of discharge lamps excited by the output of said high frequency power source means to supply light for cultivating the plant,

bright and dark controller means including a plurality of bright and dark controllers for controlling the output of said high frequency power source means to alternatively supply high power and low power to said discharge lamp means at displaced periods relative thereto,

said controller means controlling to satisfy the conditions of F₁ /F₀ ≧

2, t₁ >

100 microseconds, t₀ +t₁ <

20 milliseconds, where t₁ is the period of the high power to be supplied to said discharge lamp and is set at a desired value, t₀ is the period of the low power, F₀ is the rated power of said discharge lamp means, and F₁ is the high supply power.

12. An illuminator to provide light for cultivating a plant comprising:

high frequency power source means having an output and an input connected via a converter to a d.c. power source,

discharge lamp means including a plurality of discharge lamps having different light emitting spectra and excited by the output of said high frequency power source means to supply light for cultivating the plant,

bright and dark controller means for controlling the output of said high frequency power source means to alternatively supply high power and low power to said discharge lamp means,

said controller means controlling to satisfy the conditions of F₁ /F₀ ≧

2, t₁ >

100 microseconds, t₀ +t₁ <

20 milliseconds, where t₁ is the period of the high power to be supplied to said discharge lamp and is set at a desired value, t₀ is the period of the low power, F₀ is the rated power of said discharge lamp means, and F₁ is the high supply power.

13. An illuminator to provide light for cultivating a plant comprising:

high frequency power source means having an output and an input connected via a converter to a solar-charged battery,

discharge lamp means excited by the output of said high frequency power source means to supply light for cultivating the plant,

bright and dark controller means for controlling the output of said high frequency power source means to alternatively supply high power and low power to said discharge lamp means,

said controller means controlling to satisfy the conditions of F₁ /F₀ ≧

2, t₁ >

100 microseconds, t₀ +t₁ <

20 milliseconds, where t₁ is the period of the high power to be supplied to said discharge lamp and is set at a desired value, t₀ is the period of the low power, F₀ is the rated power of said discharge lamp means, and F₁ is the high supply power.

14. An illuminator to provide light for cultivating a plant comprising:

high frequency power source means having an output and an input connected via a converter to a d.c. power source including a solar-charged battery for use in daytime and a rectified a.c. power source for use at night or low solar conditions,

discharge lamp means excited by the output of said high frequency power source means to supply light for cultivating the plant,

bright and dark controller means for controlling the output of said high frequency power source means to alternatively supply high power and low power to said discharge lamp means,

said controller means controlling to satisfy the conditions of F₁ /F₀ ≧

2, t₁ >

100 microseconds, t₀ +t₁ <

20 milliseconds, where t₁ is the period of the high power to be supplied to said discharge lamp and is set at a desired value, t₀ is the period of the low power, F₀ is the rated power of said discharge lamp means, and F₁ is the high supply power.

15. An illuminator to provide light for cultivating a plant comprising:

high frequency power source means provided by a microwave generator and having an output and an input connected via a converter to a d.c. power source,

discharge lamp means excited by the output of said high frequency power source means to supply light for cultivating the plant,

bright and dark controller means for controlling the output of said high frequency power source means to alternatively supply high power and low power to said discharge lamp means,

said controller means controlling to satisfy the conditions of F₁ /F₀ ≧

2, t₁ >

100 microseconds, t₀ +t₁ <

20 milliseconds, where t₁ is the period of the high power to be supplied to said discharge lamp and is set at a desired value, t₀ is the period of the low power, F₀ is the rated power of said discharge lamp means, F₁ is the high supply power.