Revolving cutters for rock bits
First Claim
Patent Images
1. A rotary drag bit for drilling wells, comprising:
- a bit body rotatable about a central axis adapted to be secured to a drill column, said bit body having a face opposite to the drill column connection; and
a plurality of insert cutters mounted in said face along respective radial lines emanating from said central axis and on respective circumferences of said central axis, each insert cutter comprising;
a mounting block of high strength material with a bearing mounted through its face at the end opposite the end mounted in the face of the bit body, an axis of said bearing is skewed at an angle to its radial line in the plane of the bit body face; and
a diamond cutter element with journal means mounted for rotation in said bearing, said cutter element having a plurality of diamond cutting segments embedded in its circumference.
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Accused Products
Abstract
A mechanism is disclosed for rock bits whereby cutting elements, rotatably mounted to fixtures with journals, are constantly forced to rotate or precess by the interaction of the earth formation and the cutter. The cutters are fixed in skewed or offset positions on a cutting face of a rotary drill bit head. These cutting elements act as drag or shear cutters when they are operated in an earth formation.
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Citations
52 Claims
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1. A rotary drag bit for drilling wells, comprising:
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a bit body rotatable about a central axis adapted to be secured to a drill column, said bit body having a face opposite to the drill column connection; and a plurality of insert cutters mounted in said face along respective radial lines emanating from said central axis and on respective circumferences of said central axis, each insert cutter comprising; a mounting block of high strength material with a bearing mounted through its face at the end opposite the end mounted in the face of the bit body, an axis of said bearing is skewed at an angle to its radial line in the plane of the bit body face; and a diamond cutter element with journal means mounted for rotation in said bearing, said cutter element having a plurality of diamond cutting segments embedded in its circumference. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25)
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26. A rotary drag bit for drilling wells comprising:
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a bit body rotatable about a central axis adapted to be secured to a drill column, said bit body having a face opposite to the drill column connection; and a plurality of insert cutters mounted in said face along respective radial lines emanating from said central axis and on respective circumferences of said central axis, each insert cutter comprising; a pair of bearing blocks, each block having a bearing extending from its face at the end opposite the end mounted in the face of the bit, said pair of bearing blocks being aligned in parallel, an axis of said bearing in said bearing blocks is skewed at an angle to its radial line in the plane of the bit body face; and a truncated cone shaped cutter element mounted for rotation about a shaft mounted in each bearing, the base of the cone facing the direction of rotation of the bit. - View Dependent Claims (27, 28, 29)
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30. A rotary drag bit for drilling wells, comprising:
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a bit body rotatable about a central axis adapted to be secured to a drill column, said bit body having a face opposite to the drill column connection; and a plurality of insert cutters mounted in said face along radial lines emanating from said central axis, each insert cutter comprising; a mounting block of high strength material with a bearing through its face at the end opposite the end mounted in the face of the bit body, an axis of said bearing is skewed at an angle to its radial line; and a cutter element having a first cutting end and a second base end with journal means formed therebetween mounted for rotation in said bearing, said cutter element, at said first cutting end, forms a rounded, toroidally shaped peripheral edge, said rounded edge having a multiplicity of cutting segments embedded in at least its toroid surface. - View Dependent Claims (31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42)
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43. A rotary drag bit for drilling wells comprising:
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a bit body rotatable about a central axis and including means for connecting the bit body to a drill string, said bit body having a face opposite to the drill string connection; and a plurality of drag cutters mounted on said face along respective radial lines emanating from said central axis and at different respective distances from the central axis for collectively scraping formation across substantially the entire bottom of a borehole being drilled, each drag cutter comprising; a mounting block with bearing means at the end remote from the face of the bit body; and a diamond cutter element with journal means mounted for rotation relative to said bearing means, said cutter element having a plurality of cutting segments embedded in a circumferential cutting face, the cutting face being skewed at an angle from a radial line from the central axis to the cutter element so that the cutter element precesses as the cutting face contacts the borehole formation. - View Dependent Claims (44, 45, 46, 47)
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48. A rotary drag bit for drilling wells comprising:
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a bit body rotatable about a central axis and including means for connecting the bit body to a drill string, said bit body having a face opposite to the drill string connection; a plurality of drag cutters mounted on said face along respective radial lines emanating from said central axis for collectively scraping formation across the bottom of a borehole being drilled, each drag cutter comprising; a cutter wheel having a circumferentially extending external cutting face; a plurality of diamond cutting segments embedded in the cutting face; bearing means for rotatably supporting the cutting wheel; and means for mounting the bearing means on the bit body for rotation around an axis skewed from a tangent to a radius to a periphery of the wheel about ninety degrees from said axis of the wheel at an angle in the range of from ten degrees to sixty degrees. - View Dependent Claims (49, 50)
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51. A rotary rock bit for drilling wells comprising:
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a bit body rotatable about a central axis and including means for connecting the bit body to a drill string, said bit body having a face opposite to the drill string connection; and a plurality of drag cutters mounted on said face along respective radial lines emanating from said central axis for collectively scraping formation across the bottom of a borehole being drilled, each drag cutter comprising; a cutter wheel having a circumferentially extending external cutting face; a plurality of diamond cutting segments embedded in the cutting face; bearing means for rotatably supporting the cutting wheels; and means for mounting the bearing means on the bit body for rotation around an axis normal to a radius of the bit body wherein a periphery of the wheel taken about ninety degrees from an axis of said wheel is offset from the radius of the bit body a sufficient distance to assure that the cutter wheel rotates due to tangential force on the cutter wheel as the drill bit is rotated around its axis on the bottom of a hole being drilled. - View Dependent Claims (52)
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Specification