Automatic medicament ingredient mixing and injecting apparatus

• US 4,755,169 A
• Filed: 12/18/1986
• Issued: 07/05/1988
• Est. Priority Date: 05/20/1985
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Meridian Medical Technologies Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Survival Technology, Inc. (Meridian Medical Technologies Incorporated)
• Inventors: Karcher, Daniel M., Tarello, William R., Lopez, Claudio, Sarnoff, Stanley J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Pellegrino, Stephen C.
• Application Number:
  US06/943,135
• Time in Patent Office: 565 Days
• Field of Search: 604/82, 604/85-89, 604/90-92, 604/135, 604/136, 604/139, 604/148, 604/157, 604/51, 604/191
• US Class Current: 604/511
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2005/2013 triggering of discharging means by contact of injector with patient body
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2005/206 With automatic needle insertion
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2005/2073 preventing premature release, e.g. by making use of a safety lock
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2005/31598 having multiple telescopically sliding coaxial pistons encompassing volumes for components to be mixed
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/19 having more than one chamber , e.g. including a manifold coupling two parallelly aligned syringes through separate channels to a common discharge assembly surgical glue applicators A61B17/00491
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/2066 comprising means for injection of two or more media, e.g. by mixing
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/2448 comprising means for injection of two or more media, e.g. by mixing

Abstract

An automatic injector apparatus comprising an outer housing assembly, a hypodermic needle, first and second containers, a first liquid medicament ingredient in the first container and a second medicament ingredient in the second container, first and second pistons in the first and second containers respectively, a releasable stressed spring arrangement capable of being released twice, once for movement through a first piston moving stroke and second through a second piston moving stroke, a first releasing device operable in response to a first predetermined actuating procedure for accomplishing a first release of the spring arrangement so as to effect movement of the first piston through a liquid medicament ingredient moving stroke causing the liquid medicament ingredient to mix with the medicament ingredient in the second container to form liquid medicament and a second releasing device operable in response to a second actuating procedure for accomplishing a second release of the spring arrangement so as to effect movement of the second piston through an operative stroke causing the hypodermic needle to be moved into the muscle tissue of the patient and the liquid medicament to be moved through the needle into the muscle tissue of the patient.

Claims

1. In an automatic injector, including a medicament cartridge assembly and a stressed spring assembly for operating said medicament cartridge assembly, the improvement which comprises said stressed spring assembly comprising

a housing structure,

an elongated plunger having a plurality of annularly spaced elongated fingers connected with the rearward end of said plunger for radially inward ovement from a plunger retaining position into a plunger releasing position,

said fingers having exterior plunger retaining surfaces on outer portions thereof and interior plunger releasing surfaces on inner portions thereof,

spring means operatively connected between said housing structure and said plunger for movement from a storage position in a releasably secured stressed condition through a forward plunger moving stroke in response to the release of the releasable securement of the stressed condition thereof,

releasing means (1) disposed in a storage position in engagement with said interior plunger releasing surfaces in radially inward movement preventing relation with respect to said fingers and (2) operable in response to a predetermined manual actuation procedure to be moved out of said storage position in radially inward movement enabling relation with respect to said fingers,

cooperating plunger retaining surface means on said housing structure engaging said exterior plunger retaining surfaces for (1) retaining (a) said plunger against forward movement and (b) said spring means in stressed condition when said releasable means is in said storage position and (2) for enabling the stressed condition of said spring means to effect (a) radially inward movement of said fingers and (b) forward movement of said plunger in response to the movement of said releasing means out of said storage position and the movement of said spring means through said forward plunger moving stroke.

2. The improvement as defined in claim 1 wherein said releasing means includes a releasing pin having a movement preventing portion disposed in engagement with the associated interior plunger retaining surfaces when said releasing pin is in a storage position, an actuating button spaced rearwardly from said movement preventing portion and movable forwardly to move the latter out of its storage position and a movement enabling portion fixed between said movement preventing portion and said actuating button for permitting radially inward movement of the associated fingers when said actuating button is moved forwardly.

3. A method of injecting a liquid medicament into the muscle tissue of a patient with the use of an automatic injector having therein a hypodermic needle, a releasable energy source and a plurality of separate medicament ingredients one of which is in powder form and another of which is a liquid diluent for said powder ingredient, which comprises the steps of

performing a manual actuating procedure with respect to said automatic injector to thereby release energy from the releasable energy source,

utilizing energy released from the releasable energy source as aforesaid to intermix said separate medicament ingredients within the automatic injector,

dissolving the powder ingredient in the liquid diluent so as to form injectable liquid medicament from the intermixed ingredients, and

utilizing further released energy of the releasable energy source to move the hypodermic needle into the muscle tissue of the patient and the liquid medicament formed as aforesaid through the hypodermic needle and into the muscle tissue of the patient.

4. A method as defined in claim 3 wherein the further released energy of the releasable energy source utilized in said needle and liquid medicament moving step is made available by a second release of energy from said releasable energy source resulting from the performance of a second manual actuating procedure.

5. A method aas defined in claim 4 wherein said automatic injector is manually agitated after the intermixing of the plurality of medicament ingredients and before the utilization of the further released energy to insure that said dissolving step is completed.

6. A method as defined in claim 5 wherein said releasable energy source is in the form of stressed spring means.

7. A method as defined in claim 6 wherein said spring means comprises separate first and second stressed spring assemblies capable of being separately released.

8. A method as defined in claim 6 wherein said spring means comprises a single stressed spring assembly capable of being sequentially released.

9. A method as defined in claim 6 wherein said intermixing step is performed by moving the liquid diluent ingredient into an expansible container containing the powder ingredient.

10. A method as defined in claim 3 wherein said intermixing step is performed by moving the liquid diluent ingredient into an expansible container containing the powder ingredient.

11. A method of injecting a liquid medicament into the muscle tissue of a patient with the use of an automatic injector having therein a hypodermic needle, a releasable energy source and a plurality of separate medicament ingredients one of which is in powder form and another of which is a liquid diluent for said powder ingredient, which comprises the steps of

performing successive first and second manual procedures in a time sequence closely following one another,

causing as a reuslt of the first manual procedure the separate medicament ingredients within the automatic injector to intermix to an extent sufficient to dissolve the powder ingredient in the liquid diluent so as to form injectable liquid medicament form the intermixed ingredients,

causing as a reuslt of the second manual procedure the release of energy from the releasable energy source and

utilizing the released energy source to move the hypodermic needle into the muscle tissue of the patient and the liquid medicament formed as aforesaid through the hypodermic needle and into the muscle tissue of the patient.

12. A method as defined in claim 11 wherein as an initial result of the first manual procedure energy from the releasable energy source is released and the released energy from said releasable energy source is utilized to cause the intermixing of the separate medicament ingredients.