Method for zero byte time slot interchange

• US 4,757,499 A
• Filed: 12/22/1986
• Issued: 07/12/1988
• Est. Priority Date: 12/22/1986
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: AG Communication Systems Corp. (Nokia Corporation)
• Original Assignee: GTE Communication Systems Corporation (Verizon Communications Inc.)
• Inventors: Gorshe, Steve S.
• Primary Examiner(s): NOT, DEFINED
• Assistant Examiner(s): Scutch, III, Frank M.
• Application Number:
  US06/944,134
• Time in Patent Office: 568 Days
• Field of Search: 370/68, 370/99, 370/110.1, 370/68.1, 370/100, 379/65, 379/93, 379/94
• US Class Current: 370/376
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 3/047 Distributors with transistors or integrated circuits
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 25/4925 using balanced bipolar ternary codes
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 7/0083 taking measures against momentary loss of synchronisation, e.g. inhibiting the synchronisation, using idle words or using redundant clocks

Abstract

This method is a scheme for suppressing excessive amounts of logic zeros transmitted via T-carrier line facilities between switching systems or channel banks. This scheme provides proper zero bit suppression for alternating mark inversion signalling (AMI). A proper AMI signal contains no more than 15 consecutive logic zero bit positions. This scheme provides for encoding and decoding a 4 frame octet group of an extended superframe. Logic ones are introduced into octets which would otherwise violate the AMI signalling rules. These logic ones are then removed by the receiving system and replaced with the indicated all zero octets before being given to down stream processing. Intermediate storage octets are utilized to contain addresses of an all zero octet. This scheme provides for minimal buffering at the encoding system, which facilitates error detection and correction by the decoding system.

Claims

1. In a data transmission system having first and second digital switching systems connected via T-carrier line facilities for the bidirectional transmission of data, each said switching system including a method for Zero Byte Time Slot Interchange (ZBTSI), said ZBTSI method comprising the steps of:

first determining whether there is a single all zero octet contained in a plurality of frames of said data, said all zero octet being an octet containing 8-bits of zeros;

first storing an address representing said all zero octet in a predetermined location within said data and storing a contents of said predetermined location in said single all zero octet, said step of first storing being performed in response to a detection of said single all zero octet;

second determining whether there are multiple all zero octets in said plurality of frames of data, said step of second determining being performed in response to an absence of said detection of said one all zero octet;

third determining whether a certain intermediate storage octet is an all zero octet, said step of third determining being performed in response to a detection of multiple all zero octets;

second storing a contents of said intermediate storage octet into a first all zero octet, said step of second storing being performed in response to a lack of detection of said certain intermediate storage octets being all zero octets;

first chaining each of said all zero octets to said next all zero octet via insertion of an address representing a location of a next all zero octet into a contents said all zero octet, said step of first chaining being performed in response to said step of second storing;

first iterating said steps of second storing and first chaining for each of said plurality of frames of data;

fourth determining whether any of said intermediate storage octets are all zero octets, said fourth determining being performed in response to a detection of an intermediate storage octet being an all zero octet;

third storing a contents of an intermediate storage octet into a next previous intermediate storage octet, said step of third storing being performed in response to said step of fourth determining;

second chaining said each of said all zero octets to said a next all zero octet and said intermediate storage octet via insertion of an address representing a location of a next all zero octet into a contents of said all zero octet, said step of second chaining being performed in response to said step of third storing; and

second iterating said steps of third storing and second chaining.

2. A ZBTSI method as claimed in claim 1, said step of first determining including the step of fifth determining whether said single all zero octet is contained in a first frame of said plurality.

3. A ZBTSI method as claimed in claim 2, said step of fifth determining further including the steps of:

fourth storing a contents of octet numbers 24, 48, 72 and 96 into a location of said all zero octet, octet number 24, octet number 48 and octet number 72, respectively; and

fifth storing an address of said all zero octet into said octet number 96.

4. A ZBTSI method as claimed in claim 3, said step of first determining further including the step of sixth determining whether said single all zero octet is contained in a second frame of said plurality.

5. A ZBTSI method as claimed in claim 4, said step of six determining further including the step of sixth storing:

a contents of said octet number 48 into said all zero octet;

the contents of octet number 72 into octet number 48;

the contents of octet number 96 into octet number 48; and

the address of said all zero octet into octet number 96.

6. A ZBTSI method as claimed in claim 5, said step of first determining further including the step of seventh determining whether said single all zero octet is contained in said third frame of said plurality.

7. A ZBTSI method as claimed in claim 6, said step of seventh storing:

a contents of said octet number 72 into said all zero octet;

a contents of octet 96 into said octet number 72; and

an address of said all zero octet into said octet number 96, said step of seven storing being performed in response to a detection of said single all zero octet in said third frame.

8. A ZBTSI method as claimed in claim 7, said step of seventh determining further including the step of eighth storing an address of said all zero octet into said octet number 96 and a contents of said octet number 96 into said all zero octet.

9. A ZBTSI method as claimed in claim 8, said step of third determining including the step of eighth determining whether said first all zero octet is contained within the group of octet numbers 72 through 96.

10. A ZBTSI method as claimed in claim 9, said step of second storing further including the steps of:

ninth storing a contents of octet number 96 into said first all zero octet;

tenth storing an address of a previous all zero octet into a contents of a next all zero octet; and

eleventh storing an address of a last all zero octet into a contents of said octet number 96.

11. A ZBTSI method as claimed in claim 10, said step of third determining further including the step of ninth determining whether a particular intermediate storage octet is a non-all zero octet.

12. A ZBTSI method as claimed in claim 11, said step of third determining further including the step of tenth determining whether said first all zero octet is contained within the group of octet numbers 48 through 71.

13. A ZBTSI method as claimed in claim 12, said step of second storing further including the steps of:

twelfth storing a contents of octet number 72 into said first all zero octet;

thirteenth storing said address of said previous all zero octet into said contents of said next all zero octet;

fourteenth storing said contents of octet number 96 into said contents of octet number 72; and

performing said steps of ninth, tenth and eleventh storing.

14. A ZBTSI method as claimed in claim 13, said step of third determining further including the step of eleventh determining whether said first all zero octet is contained in the group of octet numbers 24 through 47.

15. A ZBTSI method as claimed in claim 14, said step of eleventh determining including the steps of:

fifteenth storing a contents of a predetermined intermediate storage octet into a contents of said first all zero octet;

sixteenth storing an address of said previous all zero octet into a contents of a next all zero octet; and

second performing said steps of twelfth, thirteenth and fourteenth storing and first performing.

16. A ZBTSI method as claimed in claim 15, said step of eleventh determining further including the steps of:

seventeenth storing a contents of a predetermined intermediate storage octet into said contents of said first all zero octet;

eighteenth storing said address of said previous all zero octet into said contents of said next all zero octet; and

third performing said steps of fifteenth and sixteenth storing and second performing.

17. A ZBTSI method as claimed in claim 16, said step of fourth determining including the step of twelfth determining whether there is at least one other all zero octet contained within a last twenty five octets of said data.

18. A ZBTSI method as claimed in claim 17, said step of twelfth determining including the steps of:

ninth storing said address of said previous all zero octet into a contents of said octet number 96; and

twentieth storing said address of said previous all zero octet into a contents of said next all zero octet, said steps of nineteenth and twentieth storing being being performed in response to a detection of at least one other all zero octet contained within a last 25 octets of said data.

19. A ZBTSI method as claimed in claim 18, said step of twelfth determining further including the steps of:

twenty-first storing an address representing ninety-six into a contents of octet number 96; and

twenty-second storing an address of said previous all zero octet into a predetermined intermediate storage octet.

20. A ZBTSI method as claimed in claim 19, wherein there is further included the steps of:

thirteenth determining whether there are other all zero octets within said plurality of frames of data; and

setting a first all zero octet indicator within a contents of said first all zero octet, said step of setting being performed in response to said detection of no other all zero octets being contained within said plurality of frames of data.

21. A ZBTSI method as claimed in claim 20, wherein there is further included the step of fourteenth determining whether there are other all zero octets contained within a previous 24 octets.

22. A ZBTSI method as claimed in claim 21, said step of fourteenth determining including the steps of twenty-third storing an address of said intermediate storage octet into a first all zero octet contained within said previous 24 octets;

and

twenty-fourth storing an address of a next all zero octet into a contents of said previous all zero octet.

23. A ZBTSI method as claimed in claim 22, said step of fourteenth determining further including the steps of:

twenty-fifth storing an address representing said intermediate storage octet into a contents of said intermediate storage octet; and

twenty-sixth storing an address of a previous all zero octet into a contents of said next all zero octet.

24. A ZBTSI method as claimed in claim 23, wherein there is further included the step of twenty-seventh storing an address of a next previous all zero octet into said previous intermediate storage octet.

25. A ZBTSI method as claimed in claim 24, said step of fourth determining including the step of twenty-eighth storing an address of a next previous all zero octet into a contents of said intermediate storage octet, said step of twenty-eighth storing being performed in response to lack of detection of said intermediate storage octet being an all zero octet.

26. A ZBTSI method as claimed in claim 25, said step of fourth determining further including the step of twenty-ninth storing an address of said previous all zero octet into an octet contained in the previous 24 octets.

27. A ZBTSI method as claimed in claim 26, said step of fourth determining further including the steps of:

fifteenth determining whether said intermediate storage octet is octet number 48; and

sixteenth determining whether said octet number 24 is a non-all zero octet.

28. A ZBTSI method as claimed in claim 27, said step of sixteenth determining further including the step of fourth performing said step of fourteenth determining in response to a lack of detection of said octet number 24 being a non-all zero octet.

29. A ZBTSI method as claimed in claim 28, said step of sixteenth determining further including the step of fifth performing said step of eleventh determining, said step of fifth performing being performed in response to a detection of said octet number 24 being a non-all zero octet.

30. A ZBTSI method as claimed in claim 29, wherein there is further included the step of transmitting said plurality of frames of said data.