Composition and method for hidden identification

• US 4,767,205 A
• Filed: 01/28/1986
• Issued: 08/30/1988
• Est. Priority Date: 01/28/1986
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Caribbean Microparticles Corporation
• Original Assignee: Flow Cytometry Standards Corporation
• Inventors: Schwartz, Abraham, Woodward, Gary A.
• Primary Examiner(s): NOT, DEFINED
• Assistant Examiner(s): NOT, DEFINED
• Application Number:
  US06/823,208
• Time in Patent Office: 945 Days
• Field of Search: 356/71, 250/458.1
• US Class Current: 356/71
• CPC Class Codes: D06H 1/00 Marking textile materials; Marking in combination with metering or inspecting
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 1/12 otherwise than by punching
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/086 with markings consisting of randomly placed or oriented elements, the randomness of the elements being useable for generating a unique identifying signature of the record carrier, e.g. randomly placed magnetic fibers or magnetic particles in the body of a credit card
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/10 at least one kind of marking being used for authentication, e.g. of credit or identity cards verification of coded identity or credit cards in mechanisms actuated by them G07F7/12
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 7/12 using a selected wavelength, e.g. to sense red marks and ignore blue marks
• CPC Class Codes: G06V 20/95 Pattern authentication; Markers therefor; Forgery detection
• CPC Class Codes: G07F 7/086 by passive credit-cards adapted therefor, e.g. constructive particularities to avoid counterfeiting, e.g. by inclusion of a physical or chemical security-layer for security documents G07D7/00; for the reading of record-carriers in general G06K7/00; for the design of coded credit-cards G06K19/10
• CPC Class Codes: G09F 3/00 Labels, tag tickets, or similar identification or indication means medals or badges A44C3/00; making labels B31D1/02; sheets temporarily attached together B42F; labelling B65C; labels on record carriers G11B23/38, G11B23/40; Seals; Postage or like stamps

Abstract

An identification method and identification kit are based upon making up groups of microsized particles normally invisible to the naked eye with each particle in each group being of a selected uniform size, shape and color. Coded identification is established by transferring a population of particles from a selected number of the groups to the item to be identified and then confirming such identification by examining the marked item under high magnification with a light microscope.

Claims

1. A method for coded identification of a selected item comprising:

(a) making up a selected number of groups of highly uniform microbeads of a size of 2-20 microns and normally invisible to the naked eye, each group being made up of highly uniform microbeads of substantially the same uniform size, shape and color with the specific combination of size, shape and color in one group not being repeated in any other group;

(b) transferring highly uniform microbeads from a selected number of groups to the item to be identified such that the item to be identified is characterized by populations of highly uniform microbeads from the selected groups which are highly dispersed in the selected item or in a medium applied thereto, to encode such item according to the combination of size, shape and color of the highly dispersed microbeads transferred; and

(c) examining the item or applied medium comprising the transferred highly dispersed microbeads under light microscope magnification to verify the code established by the highly dispersed microbeads so transferred.

2. The method of claim 1, including the step of separately dispersing the highly uniform microbeads from each group in the medium to be applied to the item to be identified.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein said highly uniform microbeads comprise spherical polymer microbeads.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein at least two said groups are made up and the highly uniform microbeads from at least two said groups are transferred to said item.

5. The method of claim 1 wherein said highly uniform microbeads contain a fluorescent dye and including the step of examining the transferred highly uniform microbeads under a microscope with a light source effective to cause said microbeads to fluoresce.

6. The method of claim 1 wherein said highly uniform microbeads are formed to contain a magnetic substance and including the step of initially separating the transferred highly dispersed microbeads from the item identified by magnetically attracting said transferred highly dispersed microbeads from said item.

7. The method of claim 1 wherein said selected number of groups comprises a single group.

8. The method of claim 2 wherein said highly uniform microbeads comprise spherical polymer microbeads and said medium comprises a solution in which said spherical microbeads are confined.

9. The method of claim 2 wherein said medium comprises a film forming a medium in which said spherical microbeads are confined and including the step of stripping said film from said item prior to identifying said transferred particles.

10. The method of claim 8 wherein said medium comprises epoxy resin.

11. The method of claim 8 wherein said medium contains a fluorescent dye.

12. The method of claim 10 wherein the epoxy contains a fluorescent dye.

25. A method according to claim 1, wherein at least two said groups are made up and the highly uniform microbeads from at least two said groups are mixed with each other and transferred to said item.

26. A method according to claim 1, wherein said item is a fibrous web.

27. A method according to claim 1, wherein said item is a paper document.

28. A method according to claim 27, wherein said highly uniform microbeads are interiorly contained in the paper document.

29. A method according to claim 1, wherein said item is cloth.

30. A method according to claim 1, wherein said item is a resin article.

31. A method according to claim 1, wherein said item is a particulate material.

13. An identification kit for coded identification of a selected item, comprising:

(a) a selected number of containers;

(b) a group of highly uniform microbeads of a size of 2-20 microns normally invisible to the naked eye within each container made up of highly uniform microbeads of substantially the same uniform microbeads of substantially the same uniform size, shape and color with the specific combination of size, shape and color in one group not being repeated in any other group; and

(c) means to apply highly uniform microbeads from a selected number of containers to the item to be identified in the form of highly dispersed populations of microbeads from the selected groups, to encode such item according to the combination of size, shape and color of the highly dispersed microbeads transferred.

14. An identification kit as claimed in claim 13 wherein said highly uniform microbeads comprise spherical polymer microbeads.

15. An identification kit as claimed in claim 13 wherein said highly uniform microbeads are formed to contain a fluorescent dye.

16. An identification kit as claimed in claim 13 wherein said highly uniform microbeads are formed to contain a magnetic substance.

17. An identification kit as claimed in claim 13 wherein said selected number of containers comprises a single container.

18. An identification kit as claimed in claim 13 wherein said application means includes a medium containing a fluorescent dye and said highly uniform microbeads.

19. An identification kit as claimed in claim 14 wherein said highly uniform microbeads are formed to contain fluorescent dye.

20. An identification kit as claimed in claim 14 wherein said highly uniform microbeads are formed to contain a magnetic substance.

21. An identification kit as claimed in claim 14 wherein said application means includes a medium containing a fluorescent dye and said highly uniform microbeads.

22. An identified item containing a selected number of groups of highly uniform microbeads of a size of 2-20 microns and normally invisible to the naked eye, highly dispersed in the item or in a medium applied thereto;

each group being made up of highly uniform microbeads of substantially the same uniform size, shape and color with the specific combination of size, shape and color in one group not being repeated in any other group.

23. An identified item as claimed in claim 22 wherein said selected number of groups comprises a single group.

24. An identified item as claimed in claim 22 wherein said highly uniform microbeads comprise spherical polymer microbeads.

32. An identified item according to claim 22, containing at least two said groups of highly uniform microbeads mixed with one another.

33. A fibrous web as the identified item according to claim 22.

34. A paper document as the identified item according to claim 22.

35. An identified item according to claim 22, wherein said highly uniform microbeads are interiorly contained in the paper document.

36. A cloth article as the identified item according to claim 22.

37. A resin article as the identified item according to claim 22.

38. A resin article as the indentified item according to claim 22, wherein the highly uniform microbeads are spherical polymeric microbeads.

39. A particulate material as the identified article according to claim 22.