Method and apparatus for multi color display

• US 4,770,500 A
• Filed: 06/10/1986
• Issued: 09/13/1988
• Est. Priority Date: 06/10/1986
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Kaiser Aerospace & Electronics Corporation
• Original Assignee: Kaiser Aerospace & Electronics Corporation
• Inventors: Fergason, James L., Kalmanash, Michael H.
• Primary Examiner(s): Miller, Stanley D.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Mai, Huy V.
• Application Number:
  US06/872,520
• Time in Patent Office: 826 Days
• Field of Search: 350/347 R, 350/347 E, 350/335, 350/378, 350/387, 350/388, 350/389, 350/391, 358/242, 358/58
• US Class Current: 349/80
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/03 based on ceramics or electro-optical crystals, e.g. exhibiting Pockels effect or Kerr effect G02F1/061 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/133533 Colour selective polarisers G02F1/1347 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/13473 for wavelength filtering or for colour display without the use of colour mosaic filters
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/1393 the birefringence of the liquid crystal being electrically controlled, e.g. ECB-, DAP-, HAN-, PI-LC cells G02F1/1396, G02F1/141 take precedence

Abstract

An apparatus and method for producing a color display from a substantially monochromatic source utilizes a liquid crystal cell combination together with a plechroic filter to differentially polarize the light components comprising the light emitted from the source. The liquid crystal cells are connected in push-pull fashion to individually retard light by one fourth of a wave as a function of the control signal applied to them. A fourth wave plate followed by a linear polarizer completes the optical combination. A signal at a first level applied to the cells causes transmission of one component color and blocks the other. A signal at a second level blocks the one component color and transmits the other. An intermediate level signal transmits both colors, resulting in a third, combination color.

Claims

1. A field sequential color display system comprising:

(a) a source of light of at least two different wavelengths;

(b) light polarizing means in optical communication with said source, including a color selective polarizing filter having first and second substantially orthogonally oriented absorption axes, the first absorption axis passing linearly polarized light of a first color and the second absorption axis passing linearly polarized light of a second color;

(c) circular polarizing means including a quarter wave plate having a slow axis rotationally displaced by 45°

from one of said absorption axes in optical communication with said light polarizing means for selectively transmitting light of a color determined by the amount by which the light emitted by said source is optically retarded;

(d) variable optical retarding means having first and second orthogonally oriented slow axes, one of said slow axes being aligned parallel to said quarter wave plate slow axis, disposed between said color selective polarizing filter and said circular polarizing means for retarding light applied to said circular polarizing means; and

(e) control means coupled to said variable optical retarding means for controlling the amount of optical retardation imposed by said retarding means upon light transmitted therethrough, whereby said retarding means are capable of at least first and second retardations resulting in the emission of light of at least first and second colors.

2. The sequential color display system of claim 1 ,in which the light emitted from said source is modulated in synchronism with said control means to produce images appearing to have a multi colored appearance.

3. The display system of claim 1 including a first filter means in the optical path between said source and light polarizing system and a second filter at the output of said circular polarizing means for limiting emitted light to said first and second colors at said color selective polarizing means, to eliminate unwanted colors from the output of said system and to improve display contrast by reducing reflected ambient light without substantially affecting display brightness.

4. The display system of claim 1 in which the variable optical retarding means comprises first and second liquid crystal cells and said control means include a source of electric potential at first and second levels and means for applying to each of said cells said electric potential levels for determining the amount of optical retardation imposed by each of said cells.

5. The display system of claim 4 in which said first and second liquid crystal cells are serially connected between a source of reference potential and a source of common reference potential and said reference potential is set to be equal to the sum of said first and second levels, and said means for applying said potential levels is coupled to the interconnection of said first and second cells.

6. The display system of claim 4, wherein each said liquid crystal cell is capable of optically retarding light by up to one fourth of a wave upon application of a potential at said first level and of imposing substantially no retardation upon the application of a potential at said second level.

7. The display system of claim 5, wherein each said liquid crystal cell is capable of optically retarding light by up to one fourth of a wave upon application of a potential at said first level and of imposing substantially no retardation upon the application of a potential at said second level.

8. The display system of claim 4, wherein said first and second liquid crystal cells are oriented with respect to the optical axis such that upon the application of a potential at said first level, one of said cells converts linearly polarized light to right hand circularly polarized light and the other of said cells passes light substantially without retardation resulting in light passing through said circular polarizing means with a net retardation of one half wave (90°

rotation), and upon application of a potential at said second level, the said one of said cells imposes substantially no retardation on impinging light and the said other of said cells converts linearly polarized light to left hand circularly polarized light which passes through said circular polarizing means with substantially no retardation.

9. A method of providing a field sequential color display in a high ambient light environment comprising the steps of:

(a) generating a source of light having at least two different wavelength components;

(b) polarizing the light thus generated using a color selective polarizing filter having first and second substantially orthogonally oriented absorption axes, the first absorption axis passing linearly polarized light of a first color and the second absorption axis passing linearly polarized light of a second color;

(c) circularly polarizing said polarized light utilizing a polarizer having a slow axis rotationally displaced by 45°

from one of said absorption axes for selectively transmitting light of a color determined by the amount by which the light has been optically retarded;

(d) selectively retarding light applied to said circular polarizing means utilizing variable optical retarding means, having at least one slow axis parallel to said polarizer slow axis, disposed between said color selective polarizing filter and the circular polarizer; and

(e) controlling the amount of optical retardation by at least first and second retardations to result in the emission of light of at least first and second colors.

10. The method of providing a color display of claim 9 in which the light emitted from said source is modulated in synchronism with a predetermined control system to produce images appearing to have a multiple colors .

11. The method of providing a color display of claim 9 including the steps of filtering the light at the beginning and end of the light path before and after the light polarizing step and the circular polarizing step for limiting emitted light to said first and second colors to eliminate unwanted colors from the output of said system and to improve display contrast by reducing reflected ambient light without substantially affecting display brightness.

12. The method of providing a color display of claim 9 in which the variable optical retarding step includes applying first and second control signals to liquid crystal cells which are intergosed in the light path between said polarizing filter and said polarizer for determining the amount of optical retardation imposed by each of said cells.

13. The method of providing a color display of claim 9 including the step of connecting said first and second liquid crystal cells serially between a source of reference potential and a source of common reference potential wherein said reference potential is set to be equal to the sum of first and second potential levels, one of said levels resulting in a first retardation and the other of said levels resulting in a second retardation and applying a selected one of said potential levels to the interconnection of said first and second cells to result in a first potential being applied across one of said cells and a second potential being applied across the other of said cells.

14. The method of providing a color display of claim 12 or 13 including the step of optically retarding light up to one fourth of a wavelength in said liquid crystal cell upon application of a potential at said first level and of imposing substantially no light retardation upon the application of a potential at said second level.

15. The method of providing a color display of claim 12 including the steps of orienting said first and second liquid crystal cells with respect to the absroption axes such that upon the application of a potential at said first level, one of said cells converts linearly polarized light to to right hand circularly polarized light and the other of said cells passes light substantially without retardation resulting in the circular polarizing step imparting a net retardation of one half wave (90°

rotation), and upon application of a potential at said second level, the said one of said cells imposes substantially no retardation on impinging light and the said other of said cells converts linearly polarized light to left hand circularly polarized light which passes through the circular polarizing step which substantially no retardation.