Cognometer

• US 4,770,636 A
• Filed: 04/10/1987
• Issued: 09/13/1988
• Est. Priority Date: 04/10/1987
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University
• Original Assignee: Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University
• Inventors: Buschke, Herman
• Primary Examiner(s): Picard, Leo P.
• Application Number:
  US07/036,930
• Time in Patent Office: 522 Days
• Field of Search: 273/1 GE, 434/236, 434/365
• US Class Current: 434/236
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/165 Evaluating the state of mind, e.g. depression, anxiety
• CPC Class Codes: G09B 19/00 Teaching not covered by other main groups of this subclass teaching or practice apparatus for gun-aiming or gun-laying F41G3/26
• CPC Class Codes: G09B 7/02 of the type wherein the student is expected to construct an answer to the question which is presented or wherein the machine gives an answer to the question presented by a student

Abstract

The cognometer is a portable electronic device programmed for repeated, rapid, automated assessment and monitoring of memory and concentration. The memory monitor randomly generates data and displays the same in a common format, tests the user'"'"'s comprehension of such data, tests the immediate recall of such data, and tests the delayed recall of such data. The concentration monitor randomly generates a long multi-digit number and displays the same, tests the user'"'"'s comprehension of such number, and tests the concentration of the user by requiring the user to enter such number while the number is displayed, but without any position cue.

Claims

1. A memory monitor comprising:

(A) display means;

(B) means for entering data;

(C) means for randomly generating data and displaying said randomly generated data is a common format on said display means;

(D) means for testing the user'"'"'s comprehension of said randomly generated data;

(E) means, operative only if the user comprehends said randomly generated data, for testing the immediate recall by the user of said randomly generated data; and

(F) means, operative only if the user has immediate recall of said randomly generated data, for testing the delayed recall by the user of said randomly generated data.

2. The memory monitor of claim 1 wherein said randomly generated data comprises a number comprising a series of digits.

3. The memory monitor of claim 2 wherein said display means displays said series of digits in the common format of a telephone number.

4. The memory monitor of claim 3 wherein said telephone number is a seven-digit number with punctuation intermediate the third and fourth digits.

5. The memory monitor of claim 3 wherein said telephone number is a ten-digit number in the common format of a long distance telephone number.

6. The memory monitor of claim 5 wherein the common format is ##STR2##

7. The memory monitor of claim 2 wherein said data entry means comprises a plurality of numbered buttons.

8. The memory monitor of claim 1 wherein said means for testing comprehension of said randomly generated data comprises means for displaying said randomly generated data on said display means, and means for comparing said randomly generated data with first new data entered by the user on said data entry means while said randomly generated data is displayed on said display means and for displaying correct data in said first new data on said display means in alignment with said randomly generated data displayed.

9. The memory monitor of claim 8 additionally comprising means, operative only if an error was made, for clearing said display means of any of said data and then restarting said comprehension test means.

10. The memory monitor of claim 8 additionally comprising means, operative only if an error was made, for indicating an error was made on the last datum entered by the user on said data entry means and for providing the user another opportunity to enter the correct datum.

11. The memory monitor of claim 1 wherein said means for testing the immediate recall of said randomly generated data comprises means for clearing said display means of any of said data while displaying on said display means the common format of said randomly generated data;

means for displaying on said display means second new data entered by the user on said data entry means;

means for comparing said second new data entered by the user with said randomly generated data and drawing attention to any errors made by the user; and

means, operative only if an error was made, for clearing said display means of said second new data and restarting said comprehension test means.

12. The memory monitor of claim 1 wherein said means for testing the delayed recall of said randomly generated data comprises means for clearing said display means of any of said data displayed;

means for distracting the user;

means for clearing said display means of any of said data displayed while displaying on said display means the common format of said randomly generated data;

means for displaying on said display means third new data entered by the user on said data entry means; and

means for comparing said third new data entered by the user with said randomly generated data.

13. The memory monitor of claim 12 wherein said delayed recall test means additionally comprises means, operative only if an error was made, for restarting said comprehension testing means.

14. The memory monitor of claim 12 wherein said means for distracting the user comprises means for requiring the user to correctly copy a series of simple data sets.

15. The memory monitor of claim 12 additionally including means for calculating and displaying on said display means a score reflecting the user'"'"'s performance on the delayed recall testing means.

16. The memory monitor of claim 15 wherein said calculating means divides the number of digits correctly entered by the user as said third new data on said delayed recall test by the total number of digits in said randomly generated number.

17. The memory monitor of claim 1 additionally including means for calculating and displaying on said display means a score reflecting the user'"'"'s performance on the delayed recall testing means.

18. The memory monitor of claim 1 additionally including means for calculating and displaying on said display means scores reflecting the user'"'"'s performance on the comprehension testing means, the immediate recall testing means and the delayed recall testing means, separately, each of said scores representing the number of data units correctly entered during each test as a percentage of the total number of data units in the randomly generated data times the number of tests.

19. The memory monitor of claim 1 additionally including means for calculating scores reflecting both the number of new data units copied or recalled on each trial and the number of trials needed to copy or recall all of the data units in correct serial order.

20. The memory monitor of claim 19 wherein said calculating means determines scores separately for copying, immediately recall and delayed recall, with each score representing the cumulative number of new data units copied or recalled on each trial up to and including the first completely correct trial, weighted by dividing the number of new data units of copying, immediate recall or delayed recall by factors taking into account the number of trials needed.

21. The memory monitor of claim 20 wherein said calculating means determines recall scores which take into account any additional copying or immediate recall needed by counting trials from the first copy trial.

22. A cognometer comprising in combination in a single portable device:

(A) a memory monitor according to claim 1;

(B) a concentration monitor; and

(C) means for actuating one of said monitors at a time.

23. A concentration monitor comprising:

(A) display means;

(B) means for entering data;

(C) means for randomly generating a long multi-character data and displaying said randomly generated data on said display means;

(D) means for testing the user'"'"'s comprehension of said randomly generated data by requiring the user to enter said randomly generated data on said data entry means while displaying said randomly generated data and a position cue on said display means;

(E) means, operative only if the user comprehends said randomly generated data, for testing the concentration of the user by requiring the user to enter said randomly generated data on said data entry means while said randomly generated data is displayed on said display means without any position cue; and

(F) means, operative only if the user has failed such concentration test, for restarting the concentration testing means.

24. The concentration monitor of claim 23 wherein said position cue is a flashing cursor marking the next character to be copied.

25. The concentration monitor of claim 23 additionally comprising means, operative upon failure of such comprehension test by the user, for relocating said position cue to the beginning of said randomly generated data displayed.

26. The concentration monitor of claim 23 additionally comprising means, operative upon failure of said concentration test, for restarting the copying from the beginning of said randomly generated data without a position cue.

27. The concentration monitor of claim 23 wherein said concentration testing means compares said characters entered by said user with the characters of said randomly generated data without displaying on said display means the characters already entered.

28. The concentration monitor of claim 23 wherein said comprehension testing means displays correctly entered characters on said display means in vertical alignment with the corresponding characters in said randomly generated data.

29. The concentration monitor of claim 23 additionally including means for calculating and displaying on said display means a score reflecting the user'"'"'s performance.

30. The concentration monitor of claim 29 including means for calculating and displaying on said display means a score reflecting the user'"'"'s performance on the comprehension test and on the concentration test, separately, said calculating means determining said score for each of said tests at least in part by dividing the number of characters correctly entered by the user for all trials by the total number of characters in said randomly generated data in said trials.

31. The concentration monitor of claim 23 additionally including means for calculating scores reflecting both the number of new characters copied with or without a position cue on each trial and the number of trials needed to copy with or without a position cue all of the correct characters in correct serial order.

32. The concentration monitor of claim 31 wherein said calculating means determines scores separately for copying with and without a position cue, with each score representing the cumulative number of new characters copied on each trial up to and including the first completely correct trial, weighted by dividing the number of new characters by factors taking into account the number of trials needed.

33. The concentration monitor of claim 32 wherein said calculating means determines a concentration score which takes into account any additional copying with a position cue needed by counting trials for copying without a position cue from the first copying with a position cue trial.

34. The concentration monitor of claim 23 where said randomly generated data is a long multi-digit number.

35. A cognometer comprising in combination in a single portable device:

(A) a memory monitor;

(B) a concentration monitor according to claim 23; and

(C) means for actuating one of said monitors at a time.

36. A method of monitoring memory comprising the steps of:

(A) randomly generating data and displaying said randomly generated data in a common format on a display means;

(B) testing the user'"'"'s comprehension of said randomly generated data;

(C) only if the user comprehends said randomly generated data, testing the immediate recall by the user of said randomly generated data; and

(D) only if the user has immediate recall of said randomly generated data, testing the delayed recall by the user of said randomly generated data.

37. A memory monitor comprising:

(A) display means;

(B) means for entering data;

(C) means for randomly generating data and displaying said randomly generated data in a common format on said display means;

(D) means for testing the user'"'"'s comprehension of said randomly generated data; and

(E) means, operative only if the user comprehends said randomly generated data, for testing the immediate recall by the user of said randomly generated data.

38. The memory monitor of claim 37 wherein said randomly generated data comprises a number comprising a series of digits.

39. The memory monitor of claim 38 wherein said display means displays said series of digits in the common format of a telephone number.

40. The memory monitor of claim 39 wherein said telephone number is a seven-digit number with punctuation intermediate the third and fourth digits.

41. The memory monitor of claim 39 wherein said telephone number is a ten-digit number in the common format of a long distance telephone number.

42. The memory monitor of claim 41 wherein the common format is ##STR3##

43. The memory monitor of claim 38 wherein said data entry means comprises a plurality of numbered buttons.

44. The memory monitor of claim 37 wherein said means for testing comprehension of said randomly generated data comprises means for displaying said randomly generated data on said display means, and means for comparing said randomly generated data with first new data entered by the user on said data entry means while said randomly generated data is displayed on said display means and for displaying correct data in said first new data on said display means in alignment with said randomly generated data displayed.

45. The memory monitor of claim 44 additionally comprising means, operative only if an error was made, for clearing said display means of any of said data and then restarting said comprehension test means.

46. The memory monitor of claim 44 additionally comprising means, operative only if an error was made, for indicating an error was made on the last datum entered by the user on said data entry means and for providing the user another opportunity to enter the correct datum.

47. The memory monitor of claim 37 wherein said means for testing the immediate recall of said randomly generated data comprises means for clearing said display means of any of said data while displaying on said display means the common format of said randomly generated data;

means for displaying on said display means second new data entered by the user on said data entry means;

means for comparing said second new data entered by the user with said randomly generated data and drawing attention to any errors made by the user; and

means, operative only if an error was made, for clearing said display means of said second new data and restarting said comprehension test means.

48. The memory monitor of claim 47 additionally including means for calculating and displaying on said display means a score reflecting the user'"'"'s performance on the immediate recall testing means.

49. The memory monitor of claim 48 wherein said calculating means divides the number of digits correctly entered by the user as said second new data on said immediate recall test by the total number of digits in said randomly generated number.

50. The memory monitor of claim 37 additionally including means for calculating and displaying on said display means a score reflecting the user'"'"'s performance on the immediate recall testing means.

51. The memory monitor of claim 37 additionally including means for calculating and displaying on said display means scores reflecting the user'"'"'s performance on the comprehension testing means and the immediate recall testing means, separately, each of said scores representing the number of data units correctly entered during each test as a percentage of the total number of data units in the randomly generated data times the number of tests.

52. The memory monitor of claim 37 additionally including means for calculating scores reflecting both the number of new data units copied or recalled on each trial and the number of trials needed to copy or recall all of the data units in correct serial order.

53. The memory monitor of claim 52 wherein said calculating means determines scores separately for copying and immediately recall, with each score representing the cumulative number of new data units copied or recalled on each trial up to and including the first completely correct trial, weighted by dividing the number of new data units of copying or immediate recall by factors taking into account the number of trials needed.

54. The memory monitor of claim 53 wherein said calculating means determines recall scores which take into account any additional copying needed by counting trials from the first copy trial.

55. A cognometer comprising in combination in a single portable device:

(A) a memory monitor according to claim 37;

(B) a concentration monitor; and

(C) means for actuating one of said monitors at a time.

56. A method of monitoring concentration comprising the steps of:

(A) randomly generating a long multi-character data and displaying said randomly generated data on a display means;

(B) testing the user'"'"'s comprehension of said randomly generated data by requiring the user to enter said randomly generated data on data entry means while displaying said randomly generated data and a position cue on the display means;

(C) only if the user comprehends said randomly generated data, testing the concentration of the user by requiring the user to enter said randomly generated data on the data entry means while said randomly generated data is displayed on the display means without any position cue; and

(D) only if the user has failed such concentration test, restarting the concentration testing.

57. A memory monitor comprising:

(A) display means;

(B) means for entering data;

(C) means for generating data and displaying said generated data in a common format on said display means;

(D) means for testing the user'"'"'s comprehension of said generated data; and

(E) means, operative only if the user comprehends said generated data, for testing the immediate recall by the user of said generated data.

58. The memory monitor of claim 57 additionally including means, operative only if the user has immediate recall of said generated data, for testing the delayed recall by the user of said generated data.

59. A method of monitoring memory comprising the steps of:

(A) generating data and displaying said generated data in a common format on a display means;

(B) testing the user'"'"'s comprehension of said generated data;

(C) only if the user comprehends said generated data, testing the immediate recall by the user of said generated data; and

(D) only if the user has immediate recall of said generated data, testing the delayed recall by the user of said generated data.