Intrusion detection system

• US 4,772,875 A
• Filed: 05/16/1986
• Issued: 09/20/1988
• Est. Priority Date: 05/16/1986
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: E.T.M. Realty Trust
• Original Assignee: Denning Mobile Robotics, Inc.
• Inventors: Wendt, Roger A., George, Robert W. II, Kadonoff, Mark B., Maddox, James F.
• Primary Examiner(s): Crosland, Donnie L.
• Application Number:
  US06/864,032
• Time in Patent Office: 858 Days
• Field of Search: 340/522, 340/506, 340/508, 340/551-561, 340/565, 364/513, 364/516, 364/517, 356/1, 356/4, 356/141, 356/399, 356/400, 367/93-95, 250/336.1, 250/338, 250/491.1, 358/105, 358/108, 358/110, 358/113, 342/27, 901/1, 901/46, 307/9, 180/168, 180/167, 180/271
• US Class Current: 340/522
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 9/008 Vector quantisation
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 13/00 Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 13/1645 using ultrasonic detection means and other detection means, e.g. microwave or infrared radiation
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 13/2491 Intrusion detection systems, i.e. where the body of an intruder causes the interference with the electromagnetic field
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 250/01 Passive intrusion detectors

Abstract

An intrusion detector has a first sensor for monitoring a first condition and a second sensor for monitoring a second condition in a space to be protected against intrusion; a change in the condition sensed by the first sensor in a target area causes the second sensor to be aligned with the same target area; and if both sensors indicate a change in the respective conditions that they monitor an intrusion is indicated.

Claims

1. An intrusion detection system comprising:

first sensor means for monitoring a first condition and second sensor means for monitoring a second condition in a space to be protected against intruders;

means, responsive to a change in the condition sensed by said first sensor means in a target area, for aligning said second sensor means with said target area; and

means, responsive to a change in the condition sensed by said second sensor means and said first sensor means, for indicating an intrusion.

2. The intrusion detection system of claim 1 in which one of said sensor means is an infrared sensor and the other sensor means is a microwave sensor.

3. The intrusion detection system of claim 1 in which one of said sensor means includes a plurality of sensing elements.

4. The intrusion detection system of claim 3 in which each sensor element has a different field of view.

5. The intrusion detection system of claim 1 in which said first and second sensor means are movable relative to each other.

6. The intrusion detection system of claim 1 in which both said first and second sensor means are movable with each other.

7. The intrusion detection system of claim 1 further including:

means for progressively increasing the sensitivity of at least one of said sensor means;

means responsive to a change in condition sensed by one of said sensor means for halting the increase in sensitivity and reinterrogating that sensor a predetermined number of times; and

means for calculating an alarm value as a function of the ratio of the number of alarms to the number of reinterrogations and of the sensitivity level.

8. The intrusion detection system of claim 1 in which at least one of said sensor means is a microwave sensor.

9. The intrusion detection system of claim 8 in which said microwave sensor includes a microwave antennae for emitting microwave energy and receiving a reflected microwave signal.

10. The intrusion detection system of claim 9 in which said antennae emits radiation at a first frequency and further includes:

means for mixing the returned signal with the output signal to obtain a difference signal;

threshold means for setting the alarm sensitivity threshold;

comparator means for providing an alarm output when said difference signal exceeds said threshold; and

means for varying the alarm sensitivity threshold provided by said threshold means.

11. The intrusion detection system of claim 10 further including a vehicle.

12. The intrusion detection system of claim 11 further including:

means for determining the velocity of said vehicle;

filter means, interconnected between the antennae and said comparator means, and responsive to said means for determining the velocity of the vehicle;

for blocking the Doppler component of said difference signal imparted by said vehicle velocity.

13. The intrusion detection system of claim 11 in which said vehicle includes:

drive wheels and a drive system including a drive motor; and

an encoder, responsive to said motor for indicating the velocity of said vehicle.

14. The intrusion detection system of claim 13 in which said vehicle includes a body section and a head section and said body section includes said drive wheels, drive system and encoder.

15. The intrusion detection system of claim 14 further including means for rotating said sections relative to one another.

16. The intrusion detection system of claim 15 in which said body section includes a steering system for steering said drive wheels.

17. The intrusion detection system of claim 16 in which said head section is coupled with said steering system to rotate relative to said body section in synchronism with said drive wheels.

18. The intrusion detection system of claim 16 in which one of said sensor means is on one of said sections and the other sensor means is on the other section.

19. The intrusion detection system of claim 18 in which said first sensor means includes IR sensing means and is mounted on said body section and said second sensor means includes microwave sensor means and is mounted on said head section.

20. An intrusion detection system for a mobile robot including a relatively rotatable head section and body section, the body section including drive wheels, a drive motor, and a drive system driven by the drive motor to drive the drive wheels, comprising:

first sensor means for monitoring a first condition and second sensor means for monitoring a second condition in a space to be protected against intrusion;

one of said sensor means being on one of said sections, the other sensor means being on the other section;

means, responsive to a change in condition sensed by said first sensor means in a target area for aligning said second sensor means with said target area; and

means, responsive to a change in the condition sensed by said first sensor means and said second sensor means for indicating an intrusion.

21. The intrusion detection system for a mobile robot of claim 20 in which one of said sensor means senses IR and the other senses microwave radiation.

22. The intrusion detection system for a mobile robot of claim 21 in which said first sensor means senses IR and the second senses microwave radiation.

23. The intrusion detection system for a mobile robot of claim 20 in which said first sensor means is disposed on said body section and said second sensor means is disposed on said head section.

24. The intrusion detection system for a mobile robot of claim 21 in which said sensor means that senses IR includes a plurality of spaced sensing elements.

25. The intrusion detection system of claim 20 further including:

means for progressively increasing the sensitivity of at least one of said sensor means;

means responsive to a change in condition sensed by one of said sensor means for halting the increase in sensitivity and reinterrogating that sensor a predetermined number of times; and

means for calculating an alarm value as a function of the ratio of the number of alarms to the number of reinterrogations and of the sensitivity level.

26. The intrusion detection system of claim 21 in which said microwave sensor includes a microwave antennae for emitting microwave energy and receiving a reflected microwave signal.

27. The intrusion detection system of claim 26 in which said antennae emits radiation at a first frequency and further includes:

means for mixing the returned signal with the output signal to obtain a difference signal;

threshold means for setting the alarm sensitivity threshold;

comparator means for providing an alarm output when said different signal exceeds said threshold; and

means for varying the alarm sensitivity thresho1d provided by said threshold means.

28. The intrusion detection system of claim 27 further including:

velocity means for determining the velocity of said robot;

filter means, interconnected between the antennae and said comparator means, and responsive to said velocity means, for blocking the Doppler component of said difference signal imparted by said robot velocity.

29. The intrusion detection system of claim 20 in which said body section includes a steering system for steering said drive wheels.

30. The intrusion detection system of claim 29 in which said head section is coupled with said steering system to rotate relative to said body section in synchronism with said drive wheels.