Subsoil applicator

• US 4,773,340 A
• Filed: 12/19/1986
• Issued: 09/27/1988
• Est. Priority Date: 12/19/1986
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Commerce Bank NA (Truist Financial Corp.)
• Original Assignee: Acra- Plant, Inc.
• Inventors: Williams, Robert A., Williams, Donald E., Robertson, Forrest E.
• Primary Examiner(s): FEYRER, JAMES
• Application Number:
  US06/944,661
• Time in Patent Office: 648 Days
• Field of Search: 111/6, 111/7, 111/86, 111/85, 111/73, 111/80, 111/1, 405/176, 405/269, 405/36, 405/38, 172/382, 172/699, 172/700, 172/724, 172/730-733
• US Class Current: 111/124
• CPC Class Codes: A01B 15/025 specially adapted for working subsoil
• CPC Class Codes: A01C 23/025 Continuous injection tools

Abstract

The applicator comprises a relatively thin, streamlined knife blade adapted to be positioned with its longitudinal axis inclined upwardly and rearwardly during use with a leading edge of the applicator slicing through the subsoil and a lowermost and forwardmost point thereof penetrating the subsoil for the progressive entry of a wedge immediately behind the point which firms up and smooths the lowermost portion of the slice being created by the knife. Upwardly and rearwardly inclined, streamlined wings at the bottom of the blade but above the wedge project beyond the rear of the wedge to define a pocket into which anhydrous ammonia or other substances can be deposited. In one embodiment, the wings commence at the point and diverge rearwardly therefrom at a faster rate than the wedge to provide increased surface area for lifting and fracturing the soil as the knife moves therethrough, providing particular relief in root-bound subsoils. In a second embodiment especially suited for soils which are not self-closing, a pair of outwardly projecting closing fins are provided above and generally rearwardly of the wings to cause the rearwardly flowing soil to be directed downwardly and rearwardly into the slit and around and behind the knife, thus promoting closing of the slit and retention of the deposited substance.

Claims

1. In a subsoil applicator knife, the improvement comprising:

an elongated blade having a normally upwardly and rearwardly inclined longitudinal axis and a soil-slicing, longitudinally extending line edge all along the front thereof with respect to the normal path of travel of the knife,

said blade being provided with a pair of opposite sides which initially mutually diverge from said edge along the length of the latter and then extend generally predominately fore-and-aft as the rear of the blade is approached;

a soil-penetrating point on said blade at the lowermost and forwardmost extremity of said edge;

an elongated, soil-forming wedge along the bottom of said blade and integral with the latter,

said wedge commencing at said point and progressively increasing in width as the rear of the blade is approached until terminating at a rearward location disposed forwardly of the rear of the blade,

said wedge having a pair of laterally opposite, triangular faces converging forwardly to said point and converging downwardly and inwardly to a common, lowermost, soil-creasing, fore-and-aft extending edge;

a pair of elongated, fore-and-aft extending wings projecting laterally outwardly from opposite sides of the blade at the intersection of the wedge with the bottom of the blade; and

a pair of closing fins projecting laterally outwardly from opposite sides of the blade above said wings and generally rearwardly thereof,

said fins progressively widening rearwardly at an inclined angle of approximately 80°

.

2. In a subsoil applicator knife, the improvement comprising:

an elongated blade having a normally upwardly and rearwardly inclined longitudinal axis and a soil-slicing, longitudinally extending line edge all along the front thereof with respect to the normal path of travel of the knife,

said blade being provided with a pair of opposite sides which initially mutually diverge from said edge along the length of the latter and then extend generally predominately fore-and-aft as the rear of the blade is approached;

a soil-penetrating point on said blade at the lowermost and forwardmost extremity of said edge;

an elongated, soil-forming wedge along the bottom of said blade and integral with the latter,

said wedge commencing at said point and progressively increasing in width as the rear of the blade is approached until terminating at a rearward location disposed forwardly of the rear of the blade,

said wedge having a pair of laterally opposite, triangular faces converging forwardly to said point and converging downwardly and inwardly to a common, lowermost, soil-creasing, fore-and-aft extending edge;

a pair of elongated, fore-and-aft extending wings projecting laterally outwardly from opposite sides of the blade at the intersection of the wedge with the bottom of the blade; and

a pair of closing fins projecting laterally outwardly from opposite sides of the blade above said wings and generally rearwardly thereof,

each of said wings having an upwardly and rearwardly inclined upper surface and each of said fins having a downwardly and rearwardly inclined lower surface above the upper surface of the corresponding wing,

each of said fins being of generally concavo-convex configuration with said lower surfaces thereof concave and top surfaces thereof convex.

3. In a subsoil knife as claimed in claim 2, wherein said wings commence at said point and progressively increase in width as the rear of the blade is approached until terminating at said rear of the blade, said wings widening at a faster rate that said wedge as the rear of the blade is approached whereby to overhang and project laterally outwardly beyond the wedge to a progressively increasing extent as the rear of the blade is approached.

4. In a subsoil knife as claimed in claim 3, wherein said lower surface of each fin commences at a location spaced rearwardly from said front edge of the blade and slightly forwardly of the rearward termination of said upper surface of the corresponding wing.

5. In a subsoil knife as claimed in claim 4, wherein said fins have laterally outermost side margins which diverge laterally outwardly from opposite sides of the blade as the rear of the blade is approached, said side margins of the fins having portions thereof which are disposed rearwardly of said wings and laterally outwardly beyond the same.

6. In a subsoil knife as claimed in claim 5, wherein said side margins of the fins curve into parallel relationship with one another before the rear of the blade is reached.

7. In a subsoil applicator knife, the improvement comprising:

an elongated blade having a normally upwardly and rearwardly inclined longitudinal axis and a soil-slicing, longitudinally extending line edge all along the front thereof with respect to the normal path of travel of the knife,

said blade being provided with a pair of opposite sides which initially mutually diverge from said edge along the length of the latter and then extend generally predominately fore-and-aft as the rear of the blade is approached;

a soil-penetrating point on said blade at the lowermost and forwardmost extremity of said edge;

an elongated, soil-firming wedge along the bottom of said blade and integral with the latter,

said wedge commencing at said point and progressively increasing in width as the rear of the blade is approached until terminating at a rearward location disposed forwardly of the rear of the blade,

said wedge having a pair of laterally opposite, triangular faces converging forwardly to said point and converging downwardly and inwardly to a common, lowermost, soil-creasing, fore-and-aft extending edge;

a pair of elongated, fore-and-aft extending wings projecting laterally outwardly from opposite sides of the blade at the intersection of the wedge with the bottom of the blade,

said wings commencing at said point and progressively increasing in width as the rear of the blade is approached until terminating at said rear of the blade,

said wings widening at a faster rate than said wedge as the rear of the blade is approached whereby to overhang and project laterally outwardly beyond the wedge to a progressively increasing extent as the rear of the blade is approach,

a pair of closing fins projecting laterally outwardly from opposite sides of the blade above said wings,

said wings progressively widening rearwardly at an included angle of approximately 22°

,

said fins progressively widening rearwardly at an included angle of approximately 80°

.

8. In a subsoil applicator knife, the improvement comprising:

an elongated blade having a normally upwardly and rearwardly inclined longitudinal axis and a soil-slicing, longitudinally extending line edge all along the front thereof with respect to the normal path of travel of the knife,

said blade being provided with a pair of opposite sides which initially mutually diverge from said edge along the length of the latter and then extend generally predominately fore-and-aft as the rear of the blade is approached;

a soil-penetrating point on said blade at the lowermost and forwardmost extremity of said edge;

an elongated, soil-firming wedge along the bottom of said blade and integral with the latter,

said wedge commencing at said point and progressively increasing in width as the rear of the blade is approached until terminating at a rearward location disposed forwardly of the rear of the blade,

said wedge having a pair of laterally opposite, triangular faces converging forwardly to said point and converging downwardly and inwardly to a common, lowermost, soil-creasing, fore-and-aft extending edge;

a pair of elongated, fore-and-aft extending wings projecting laterally outwardly from opposite sides of the blade at the intersection of the wedge with the bottom of the blade,

said wings commencing at said point and progressively increasing in width as the rear of the blade is approached until terminating at said rear of the blade,

said wings widening at a faster rate than said wedge as the rear of the blade is approached whereby to overhang and project laterally outwardly beyond the wedge to a progressively increasing extent as the rear of the blade is approached; and

a pair of closing fins projecting laterally outwardly from opposite sides of the blade above said wings,

each of said fins having a downwardly and rearwardly inclined lower surface above the upper surface of the corresponding wing,

each of said fins being of generally concavo-convex configuration with said lower surfaces thereof concave and top surfaces thereof convex.

9. In a subsoil applicator knife, the improvement comprising:

an elongated blade having a normally upwardly and rearwardly inclined longitudinal axis and a soil-slicing, longitudinally extending line edge along the front thereof with respect to the normal path of travel of the knife,

said blade being provided with a pair of opposite sides which initially mutually diverge from said edge along the length of the latter and then extend generally predominately fore-and-aft as the rear of the blade is approached;

a soil-penetrating point on said blade at the lowermost and forwardmost extremity of said edge;

an elongated, soil-firming wedge along the bottom of said blade and integral with the latter,

said wedge commencing at said point and progressively increasing in width as the rear of the blade is approached until terminating at a rearward location disposed forwardly of the rear of the blade,

said wedge having a pair of laterally opposite, triangular faces converging forwardly to said point and converging downwardly and inwardly to a common, lowermost, soil-creasing, fore-and-aft extending edge; and

a pair of elongated, fore-and-aft extending wings projecting laterally outwardly from opposite sides of the blade at the intersection of the wedge with the bottom of the blade,

said wings commencing at said point and progressively increasing in width as the rear of the blade is approached until terminating at said rear of the blade,

said wings widening at a faster rate than said wedge as the rear of the blade is approached whereby to overhang and project laterally outwardly beyond the wedge to a progressively increasing extent as the rear of the blade is approached,

each of said wings presenting upright, outermost side margins,

each of said wings presenting an upwardly and rearwardly inclined upper surface with a downturned rear portion,

each of said wings presenting a bottom surface which merges with the bottom surface of the other wing to form a single common bottom surface across the knife in regions rearwardly of said wedge.

10. In a subsoil knife as claimed in claim 9, wherein said bottom surface of each of said wings is generally flat and intersects with the corresponding triangular face of the wedge along the length of the latter.

11. In a subsoil knife as claimed in claim 10, wherein each of said wings progressively increases in thickness as the rear of the blade is approached.

12. In a subsoil knife as claimed in claim 11, wherein said upper surface of each of said wings is generally flat, and triangular and has a normally downwardly and forwardly inclined line of intersection with the corresponding side of the blade.

13. In a subsoil knife as claimed in claim 9, wherein said wings widen progressively rearwardly at an included angle of approximately 30°

.

14. In a subsoil knife as claimed in claim 9;

and a pair of closing fins projecting laterally outwardly from opposite sides of the blade above said wings.

15. In a subsoil knife as claimed in claim 14, wherein said wings progressively widen rearwardly at an included angle of approximately 22°

.

16. In a subsoil knife as claimed in claim 14, wherein each of said fins has a downwardly and rearwardly inclined lower surface above the upper surface of the corresponding wing.

17. In a subsoil knife as claimed in claim 16, wherein said lower surface of each fin commences at a location spaced rearwardly from said front edge of the blade and slightly forwardly of the rearward termination of said upper surface of the corresponding wing.

18. In a subsoil knife as claimed in claim 17, wherein said fins have laterally outermost side margins which diverge laterally outwardly from opposite sides of the blade as the rear of the blade is approached, said side margins of the fins having portions thereof which are disposed rearwardly of said wings and laterally outwardly beyond the same.

19. In a subsoil knife as claimed in claim 18, wherein said side margins of the fins curve into parallel relationship with one another before the rear of the blade is reached.