Agglutinographic slide

• US 4,775,515 A
• Filed: 11/18/1986
• Issued: 10/04/1988
• Est. Priority Date: 11/18/1986
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Hugh V. Cottingham
• Original Assignee: Hugh V. Cottingham
• Inventors: Cottingham, Hugh V.
• Primary Examiner(s): Richman, Barry S.
• Assistant Examiner(s): KRYZA, LYNN M
• Application Number:
  US06/932,067
• Time in Patent Office: 686 Days
• Field of Search: 422/55, 422/58, 422/72, 422/73, 422/101, 422/102, 436/45, 436/46, 436/165, 436/177, 436/178, 356/244, 356/246, 350/534, 350/536, 73/864.02, 73/864.72
• US Class Current: 422/73
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2300/0681 Filter
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2300/0816 Cards, e.g. flat sample carriers usually with flow in two horizontal directions
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2300/0822 Slides
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2400/0406 capillary forces
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 3/5027 by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip B01L3/5023 takes precedence; micromixers B01F33/30; microreactors for synthesis B01J19/0093; microcapillary devices in general B81B1/00
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/5304 Reaction vessels, e.g. agglutination plates for solid-phase systems G01N33/543
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 436/112499 with sample on test slide
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 436/25375 Liberation or purification of sample or separation of material from a sample [e.g., filtering, centrifuging, etc.]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 436/255 including use of a solid sorbent, semipermeable membrane, or liquid extraction

Abstract

An agglutinographic slide for immunochemical liquid agglutionation particle reagents has a first panel and a second panel. The second panel is spaced a predetermined distance from the first panel. The slide has an entrance end and a viewing end. A channel is positioned between the first and second panels so that liquid agglutination particle reagents are transported from the entrance end to the viewing end. The channel has a length greater than the length of the slide to allow control of flow and enhance the viewability of the reaction.

Claims

1. In an agglutinographic slide for reacting immuno-chemical liquid agglutination particle reagents comprising an immuno-chemical liquid agglutination particle reagent, first panel means of a predetermined length and second panel means of a predetermined length spaced apart from said first panel means a predetermined distance of 0.1 to 500 μ

and substantially disposed coextensively with said first panel means to define a capillary channel means therebetween and for causing an agglutination reaction to intrinsically occur within the said channel means, the improvement comprising at least one of said panel means defining an entrance opening, said aggultination particle reagent being disposed in proximity to said entrance opening and said first panel means and second panel means defining a viewing chamber, said channel means extending from said entrance opening to said viewing chamber, said channel means having a length that is greater than the predetermined length of one of said first panel means and said second panel means.

2. The agglutinographic slide, as claimed in claim 1, wherein said channel means includes a width along the length thereof, said width being selectively graded to control the rate of flow of said liquid and reagent through said channel means.

3. The agglutinographic slide, as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a venting means in connection with said viewing chamber for allowing the escape of air from said slide as said liquid travels towards said viewing chamber and configured to minimize evaporation at the viewing chamber.

4. The agglutinographic slide, as claimed in claim 1, wherein said channel means comprises at least a first channel section and a second channel section, said first channel section and said second channel section being configured in fluid communication and disposed with respect to each other to permit reagents to flow from said entrance opening through said first channel section to said second channel section and into said viewing chamber.

5. The agglutinographic slide, as claimed in claim 4, wherein the first channel section has a predetermined width and the second channel section has a predetermined width, the width of said second channel section is wider than the width of said first channel section in order to slow down the rate of flow of liquid reagent in said second channel section.

6. The agglutinographic slide, as claimed in claim 1, and including agglutination differentiating means disposed in said viewing chamber for differentiating formed agglutinations from non-agglutinations in said reagents so that the difference therebetween is easily viewed.

7. The agglutinographic slide, as claimed in claim 6, wherein said agglutination differentiating means includes a liquid permeable filter, said filter being positioned within said viewing chamber so that said filter is adapted to prevent agglutinations from passing from one side of the filter to an opposite side of said filter.

8. The agglutinographic slide, as claimed in claim 1, and including at least one of said first panel means and said second panel means includes a coating to control the flow rate of said reagent in said channel means.

9. The agglutinographic slide, as claimed in claim 8, wherein said coating is monohydric alcohol.

10. In an agglutinographic test slide for immuno-chemical liquid agglutination particle reagents comprising in combination an immuno-chemical liquid agglutination particle reagent, a first panel having a predetermined length, a second panel having a predetermined length, said second panel being spaced a predetermined distance of 0.1 to 500 μ

from said first panel to define a capillary channel means therebetween of a predetermined length, the improvement comprising an entrance opening for introducing liquid reagents to said channel means, said agglutination particle reagent being disposed in proximity to said entrance opening, said channel means having a length that exceeds the length of said first panel for transmitting said liquid agglutination particle reagent from said entrance opening through said channel means, said channel means including first and second channel sections configured to allow said liquid to flow from said first channel section to said second channel section, said first channel section having a width, said second channel section having a width greater than the width of said first channel section for reducing the rate of capillary flow of the reagents to enhance the size of the agglutinations thereby enhancing the viewability thereof.

11. An agglutinographic slide, as claimed in claim 10, wherein said channel means is defined by spacers disposed between said first and second panels, said spacers being integrally formed with one of said first and second panels.

12. An agglutination slide, as claimed in claim 10, wherein said second channel section includes an exit end, and a viewing chamber disposed at the end of said second channel section, said first panel being transparent in the portion thereof that is coextensive with said viewing chamber.

13. An agglutinographic slide, as claimed in claim 12, wherein said viewing chamber vent holes in communication therewith for allowing air to escape from said channel means when reagents flow from said entrance opening to said viewing chamber.

14. An agglutinographic slide, as claimed in claim 12, and including filter means disposed in said viewing chamber, said filter means being positioned and arranged to prevent agglutinations that are formed from passing therethrough, so that a viewing chamber that is capable of differentiating between agglutinations and non-agglutinations is provided.

15. In an agglutinographic test slide for immunochemical liquid agglutination particle reagents comprising in combination an immuno-chemical liquid agglutination particle reagent, a first panel, a second panel, said second panel being spaced a predetermined distance of 0.1 to 500 μ

from said first panel to define a capillary channel means therebetween of a predetermined length, the improvement comprising an entrance opening for introducing liquid reagents to said channel means, said agglutination particle reagent being disposed in proximity to said entrance opening, said capillary channel means including a viewing chamber so that said liquid reagents are transmitted from said entrance opening through the length of said channel means to said viewing chamber, said channel means and viewing chamber being configured to optimize the size of the agglutinations found in the viewing chamber to enhance the viewability presented at the viewing chamber and said panel is transparent at least in the portion thereof that is coextensive with said viewing chamber the remaining portion of said channel means being nontransparent.

16. An agglutinographic slide, as claimed in claim 15, wherein said viewing chamber includes vent holes for allowing air to escape from said channel means when reagents flow from said entrance opening to said viewing chamber.

17. An agglutinographic slide, as claimed in claim 16, and including filter means disposed in said viewing chamber, dividing said viewing chamber into a first portion and a second portion, said filter means preventing agglutinations that are formed from passing therethrough, so that a viewing chamber that is capable of differentiating between agglutinations and non-agglutionations is provided.

18. An agglutinographic slide, as claimed in claim 16, wherein agglutination reagents are dried in said channel means at said opening and are adapted to be dissolved upon introduction of a liquid test sample into said channel means.