Method and apparatus for distinguishing central obstructive and mixed apneas by external monitoring devices which measure rib cage and abdominal compartmental excursions during respiration
First Claim
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1. A method for differentiating among central, obstructive and mixed apneas in a subject comprising(a) determining the existence of an apneic event;
- (b) measuring TCD during said apneic event and providing a signal indicative thereof;
(c) measuring SUM (VT) during said apneic event and providing a signal indicative thereof;
(d) displaying said TCD and SUM (VT) signals on a compressed plot;
(e) classifying said event as a central apneic event when said displayed TCD and SUM (VT) signals are coincident or parallel;
(f) classifying said event as an obstructive apneic event when said displayed TCD signal slopes at an angle from said displayed SUM (VT) signal during substantially said entire apneic event; and
(g) classifying said event as a mixed apneic event when said displayed SUM (VT) and TCD signals are coincident or parallel for a portion of said apneic event and said displayed TCD signal slopes away from said SUM (VT) signal during another portion of said apneic event.
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Abstract
An apparatus and method for distinguishing between different types of apneic episodes. The method includes measuring a new index, TCD/VT, and measuring the phase relation between the abdominal and rib cage contributions to total respiration volume. The episode is classified as central, obstructive or mixed based on the value of TCD/VT and the phase relation.
199 Citations
12 Claims
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1. A method for differentiating among central, obstructive and mixed apneas in a subject comprising
(a) determining the existence of an apneic event; -
(b) measuring TCD during said apneic event and providing a signal indicative thereof; (c) measuring SUM (VT) during said apneic event and providing a signal indicative thereof; (d) displaying said TCD and SUM (VT) signals on a compressed plot; (e) classifying said event as a central apneic event when said displayed TCD and SUM (VT) signals are coincident or parallel; (f) classifying said event as an obstructive apneic event when said displayed TCD signal slopes at an angle from said displayed SUM (VT) signal during substantially said entire apneic event; and (g) classifying said event as a mixed apneic event when said displayed SUM (VT) and TCD signals are coincident or parallel for a portion of said apneic event and said displayed TCD signal slopes away from said SUM (VT) signal during another portion of said apneic event. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 6, 8)
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5. A method for differentiating among central, obstructive and mixed apneas in a subject comprising
(a) determining the existence of an apneic event; -
(b) measuring TCD/VT during said apneic event; (c) measuring PR during said apneic event; (d) classifying the apneic event as central, obstructive or mixed based on the measured values for TCD/VT and PR according to the following criteria;
space="preserve" listing-type="tabular">______________________________________ TCD/VT PR (×
10) (×
100) Type of Apnea ______________________________________ about 10-about 15 >
about 50 Central ≦
about 50 Mixed about 16-about 19 >
about 50 Central about 40-about 49 Mixed <
about 39 Obstructive about 20- about 25 ≧
about 55 Central <
about 55 Mixed or Obstructive ≧
about 25 >
about 60 Central about 40-about 59 Mixed <
about 39 Obstructive ______________________________________
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7. An apparatus for differentiating among central, obstructive and mixed apneas in a subject comprising
(a) means for determining the existence of an apneic event; -
(b) means for measuring TCD/VT during said apneic event; (c) means for measuring PR during said apneic event; (d) means for classifying the apneic event as central, obstructive or mixed based on the measured values for TCD/VT and PR according to the following criteria;
space="preserve" listing-type="tabular">______________________________________ TCD/VT PR (×
10) (×
100) Type of Apnea ______________________________________ about 10-about 15 >
about 50 Central ≦
about 50 Mixed about 16-about 19 >
about 50 Central about 40-about 49 Mixed <
about 39 Obstructive about 20-about 25 ≧
about 55 Central <
about 55 Mixed or Obstructive ______________________________________
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9. An apparatus for differentiating among central, obstructive and mixed apeneas in a subject comprising (a) means for determining the existence of an apneic event;
- (b) means for measuring TCD during said apneic event and providing a signal indicative thereof;
(c) means for measuring the SUM (VT) during said apneic event and providing a sigal indicative thereof;
(d) means for detecting the slopes of said TCD and SUM (VT) signals; and
(e) means for classifying an event as a central apneic event when the slopes of said TCD and SUM (VT) signals are substantially the same, as an obstructive apneic event when the slope of said TCD signal is different from the slope of said SUM (VT) signal during substantially said entire apneic event, and as a mixed apneic event when the slopes of said TCD and SUM (VT) signals are substantially the same for a portion of said apneic event and the slope of said TCD signal is different from the slope of said SUM (VT) signal during another portion of said apneic event. - View Dependent Claims (10, 11, 12)
- (b) means for measuring TCD during said apneic event and providing a signal indicative thereof;
Specification