Method and apparatus for discriminating minute particles

• US 4,778,593 A
• Filed: 04/28/1986
• Issued: 10/18/1988
• Est. Priority Date: 03/25/1983
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Director-General of the Agency of Industrial Science and Technology, the Ministry of International Trade and Industry of Japan (Government of Japan), Showa Denko KK (Resonac Holdings Corp.)
• Original Assignee: Agency of Industrial Science & Technology (Government of Japan), Showa Denko KK (Resonac Holdings Corp.)
• Inventors: Noguchi, Yoshio, Yamashita, Mikio, Shinohara, Akio, Soga, Hiroshi, Uchibori, Yoshinobu, Sato, Takuzo, Miyazaki, Sadayuki
• Primary Examiner(s): Reeves, Robert B.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Wacyra, Edward M.
• Application Number:
  US06/859,203
• Time in Patent Office: 904 Days
• Field of Search: 209/3.1-3.3, 209/579, 250/461.2, 250/213 VT, 356/39, 356/72, 356/73, 356/317, 356/318, 358/93
• US Class Current: 209/3.1
• CPC Class Codes: B07C 5/3427 by changing or intensifying the optical properties prior to scanning, e.g. by inducing fluorescence under UV or x-radiation, subjecting the material to a chemical reaction
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 15/1459 the analysis being performed on a sample stream
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 15/149 specially adapted for sorting particles, e.g. by their size or optical properties

Abstract

In order to discriminate minute particles such as biological particles or organic polymers, a suspension of minute particles is formed into a particle stream with the individual particles substantially separated from each other, the particle stream is irradiated with a high-intensity light beam, the particle stream irradiated with the high-intensity light beam is formed into droplets, and the particle in each droplet is discriminated in accordance with the intensity of light emited from the particle upon irradiation with the high-intensity light beam. In discriminating the particles, a high-intensity light pulse is used as the high-intensity light beam, and each minute particle is discriminated in accordance with a change in the emitted light intensity over a period of time.

Claims

1. A method of discriminating minute particles, comprising the steps of:

producing a stream of minute particles, in which substantially each of said minute particles is separated from the adjacent particle with an interval, from a suspension of said minute particles;

irradiating said produced stream of minute particles with high-intensity light pulses directed from a light source through a cavity dumper for controlling the number of light pulses;

detecting the intensity of light emission from said irradiated particles by a streak camera;

discriminating the particles in said stream by the intensity of light emission from said irradiated particles; and

changing said irradiated stream of minute particles into a sequence of droplets;

wherein said discrimination is carried out on the basis of characteristics of the change, with time, of the intensity of said light emission, represented by at least one of a rise time of the emitted light, an attenuation time of the emitted light and an orientation relaxation time, using the result of the detection of the intensity of light emission from said irradiated particles by the streak camera.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein said streak camera is of the synchro scan type.

3. The method according to claim 2, further comprising a step of data analysis for calculating, treating, and discriminating a streak image obtained by said streak camera.

4. An apparatus for discriminating minute particles, comprising:

a flow chamber;

a means for introducing a suspension of the minute particles into said flow chamber, producing a particle stream with the individual minute particles substantially separated from each other, and changing said particle stream into a sequence of droplets;

a means for generating high-intensity light pulses;

a means for irradiating said produced particle stream with the high-intensity light pulses including a cavity dumper located in the path of the light pulses for controlling the number of light pulses irradiated onto said particle stream;

a streak camera for detecting light emission from said irradiated particles; and

a means for calculating the characteristics of the change, with time, of the intensity of said light emission, represented by at least one of a rise time of the emitted light, an attenuation time of the emitted light and an orientation relaxation time, on the basis of the detection by said streak camera for detecting light emission.

5. The apparatus according to claim 4, wherein said streak camera is of the synchro scan type.

6. The apparatus according to claim 5, further comprising a data analyzing means for calculating, treating, and discriminating a streak image obtained by said streak camera.