Continuously armed high reliability pulse train processor

• US 4,779,077 A
• Filed: 04/13/1987
• Issued: 10/18/1988
• Est. Priority Date: 04/13/1987
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: CHECKPOINT SYSTEMS, INC. (CCL Industries Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: George J. Lichtblau
• Inventors: Lichtblau, George J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Swann, III, Glen R.
• Assistant Examiner(s): MULLEN, THOMAS J
• Application Number:
  US07/037,647
• Time in Patent Office: 554 Days
• Field of Search: 340/572, 340/551, 340/659, 340/523, 340/825.57, 340/825.59, 340/825.63, 340/825.64, 340/825.31, 340/825.34, 342/27, 375/75, 375/94
• US Class Current: 340/572.4
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 13/2471 Antenna signal processing by receiver or emitter
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 13/2488 Timing issues, e.g. synchronising measures to avoid signal collision, with multiple emitters or a single emitter and receiver

Abstract

A pulse train processor includes a plurality of parallel input, serially coupled pulse discriminating modules one for each of the consecutive pulses of a pulse train characteristic of a magnetic strip or resonant tag target signal produced in a magnetic interrogation zone such as found in retail clothing or library theft prevention applications. Each module is tailored to the particular expected characteristics of the corresponding pulse of the pulse train, and the modules are serially enabled and an alarm is triggered if and only if the expected characteristics of the several pulses are sequentially present from the initial pulse to the last pulse of the received pulse train. The modules are self-resetting in the event that the pulse characteristics of any of the pulses are other than the expected pulse characteristics whereby the pulse train processor is substantially continuously armed. The modules are responsive to pulse sequence, pulse polarity, pulse height, and minimum and maximum duration of the several constitutive pulses of the pulse train whereby an ultra-high detection reliability is provided.

Claims

1. A continuously armed pulse train processor for a field disturbance sensor, comprising:

means for providing a pulse train of constitutive consecutive pulses in response to a magnetic tag being present in an interrogation zone of the field disturbance sensor;

resetable means coupled to the pulse train providing means for sequentially determining whether the several constitutive pulses serially meet predetermined minimum and maximum temporal duration criteria established therefor; and

means cooperative with the resetable means and responsive to a failure of any pulse of the pulse train to meet the corresponding criteria for resetting the resetable means such that the resetable means is again able to sequentially determine ab initio whether sequentially received pulse train pulses serially received after the resetting of the resetable means meet the predetermined pulse train criteria therefor.

2. The pulse train processor of claim 1, wherein said resetable means includes an array of enablable pulse processing module means each receiving the pulse train, each module means for detecting the expected minimum and maximum duration criteria of a different one of the constitutive pulses of the pulse train.

3. The pulse train processor of claim 2, wherein said resetable means includes enablable gates serially connected between initial and last ones of the pulse processing module means defining thereby upstream and downstream pulse processing module means, said gates operative to enable downstream mdoule means if and only in response to upstream module means detecting the predetermined pulse criteria corresponding thereto, said gates being further operative to disable downstream module means both in response to termination of the pulse corresponding to that module means and in response to the upstream module means detecting that the pulse characteristics corresponding to that pulse exceed the maximum duration criteria prescribed therefor.

4. The pulse train processor of claim 3, wherein the gates are flip-flops that have selectable logical states, the flip-flops accomplish the enabling of downstream module means and accomplish the disabling thereof in accordance with which of the logical states the flip-flops are in.

5. The pulse train processor of claim 1, wherein said minimum and maximum temporal duration criteria are implemented with dedicated pulse width detectors.

6. A continuously armed pulse train processor for a swept radio frequency sensor, comprising:

means for providing a pulse train of constitutive consecutive pulses in response to a resonant tag being present in an interrogation zone of the swept radio frequency sensor;

resetable means coupled to the pulse train providing means for sequentially determining whether the several constitutive pulses serially meet predetermined minimum and maximum temporal duration criteria established therefor; and

means cooperative with the resetable means and responsive to a failure of any pulse of the pulse train to meet the corresponding criteria for resetting the resetable means such that the resetable means is again able to sequentially determine ab initio whether sequentially received pulse train pulses serially received after the resetting of the resetable means meet the predetermined pulse train criteria therefor.

7. The pulse train processor of claim 6, wherein said resetable means includes an array of enablable pulse processing module means each receiving the pulse train, each module means for detecting the expected minimum and maximum duration criteria of a different one of the constitutive pulses of the pulse train.

8. The pulse train processor of claim 7, wherein said resetable means includes enable gates serially connected between initial and last ones of the pulse processing module means defining thereby upstream and downstream pulse processing module means, said gates operative to enable downstream module means if and only in response to the upstream module means detecting the predetermined pulse criteria corresponding thereto, said gates being further operative to disable downstream module means both in response to termination of the pulse corresponding to that module means and in response to the upstream module means detecting that the pulse characteristics corresponding to that pulse exceed the maximum duration criteria prescribed therefor.

9. The pulse train processor of claim 8, wherein the gates are flip-flops that have selectable logical states, the flip-flops accomplish the enabling of downstream module means and accomplish the disabling thereof in accordance with which of the logical states the flip-flops are in.

10. The pulse train processor of claim 6, wherein said minimum and maximum temporal criteria are implemented with dedicated pulse width detectors.

11. A pulse-train processor for discriminating a pulse-train provided by a true target from noise provided by a false target, comprising:

receiver means having a field of view for providing a pulse-train signal having n constitutive pulses in response to a target being in the field of view, where n is an integer greater than or equal to 2;

a like plurality of n resetable pulse processing module means coupled in parallel to the receiver means respectively for discriminating corresponding pulses of said n pulses constituting said pulse train signal with respect to whether or not individual constitutive pulses of said pulse-train signal satisfy predetermined expected first criteria associated with each of the pulses of the pulse-train signal;

sequencing means coupled to said plural pulse processing modules for enabling a kth module means of said n pulse processing module means to discriminate a kth pulse corresponding thereto in response to the k-1 module means having already discriminated that the corresponding k-1 pulse satisfied its associated first criteria and for disabling the enabled kth module in response to decay of the kth pulse for every module means except a first module means which is always enabled, where k is an integer greater than 1 and less than or equal to n; and

means cooperative with the sequencing means and coupled to said pulse processing module means for resetting the kth module means if the k-1 pulse of the pulse-train signal satisfies a second predetermined criteria different from the first predetermined criteria for each module means.

12. The pulse-train processor of claim 11, wherein said first criteria includes minimum temporal duration of a minimum height pulse.

13. The pulse-train processor of claim 12, wherein said first criteria is implemented using a threshold detector and an associated minimum pulse-width detector.

14. The pulse-train processor of claim 11, wherein said sequencing means includes logic means serially interconnecting said n module means into electrically adjacent upstream and downstream module means.

15. The pulse-train processor of claim 14, wherein said logic means include a binary gate toggled to one logical state in response to the upstream module means having already discriminated the first criteria corresponding to its associated pulse and toggled to the other logical state in response to the trailing edge of the pulse of the upstream module with the exception of the first module.

16. The pulse-train processor of claim 15, wherein said resetting means includes second logic means coupled to said gate means for toggling the gate means to the logical state the gate is toggled to in response to the trailing edge of the pulse corresponding to each upstream module.

17. The pulse-train processor of claim 11, wherein said second criteria includes a maximum temporal duration.

18. The pulse-train processor of claim 17, wherein said maximum temporal duration criteria is implemented with a maximum pulse-width detector.

19. The pulse train processor of claim 11, wherein said field of view is provided by a field disturbance sensor.

20. The pulse train processor of claim 11, wherein said field of view is provided by a swept radio frequency sensor.

21. For use in an electronic theft prevention system which includes transmitter means for providing a field within a predetermined interrogation zone, receiving means for monitoring the field of the interrogation zone and for detecting the presence of a target in the interrogation zone and for providing a pulse train representative of target presence in the interrogation zone, a pulse train processor for discriminating a pulse train provided by a true target from noise provided by a false target, said processor comprising;

a plurality of pulse detection modules each operative to simultaneously receive the pulse train, the plurality of pulse detection modules including a first module, one or more intermediate modules and a last module;

the first module being operative to receive the first pulse of the pulse train and upon recognition of predetermined valid characteristics of that first pulse to enable the next intermediate module;

each of the intermediate modules being operative to receive respective successive pulses of the pulse train and each being operative upon recognition of predetermined valid characteristics of the successive received pulses to enable the next intermediate or the last module;

the final module being operative to receive the next successive pulse of the pulse train and upon recognition of predetermined valid characteristics of that received pulse to provide a trigger pulse output signal;

means of accumulating the trigger pulses from the last module;

means for providing an output alarm signal in response to the accumulation of a predetermined number of trigger pulses.

22. The invention of claim 21, wherein the means for accumulating includes:

multi-vibrator means operative in response to the trigger pulses to provide multivibrator output pulses;

integrating means operative in response to the multivibrator output pulses to provide an integration signal;

threshold means for providing a predetermined threshold level;

means for providing said alarm output signal in response to exceedence of the threshold level by the integration signal.

23. The invention of claim 22, wherein the first and intermediate modules are each operative in response to a pulse width greater than a predetermined maximum width to reset the succeeding module;

and wherein said last module is operative in response to a pulse width greater than the predetermined maximum width to reset said monostable multivibrator means.

24. The invention of claim 21, wherein positive and negative threshold detectors are operatively coupled to said plurality of pulse detection modules in such a way that selected modules respond to positive polarity pulses and selected other ones of the modules respond to negative polarity pulses.

25. The invention of claim 21, wherein said modules are operative in response to pulse decay of the received pulse train to reset themselves.

26. The invention of claim 25, wherein said modules each include resetable timers for setting minimum and maximum durational valid characteristics of the pulses, and wherein said pulse decay allows the timers to restart.

27. The invention of claim 21, wherein none of the said pulse detection modules are operative if the received pulses do not have a minimum pulse width.