Cross-country vehicle

• US 4,779,691 A
• Filed: 04/13/1987
• Issued: 10/25/1988
• Est. Priority Date: 08/13/1985
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Martin Werdner
• Original Assignee: Martin Werdner
• Inventors: Werdner, Martin
• Primary Examiner(s): Love, John J.
• Assistant Examiner(s): NOT, DEFINED
• Application Number:
  US07/049,295
• Time in Patent Office: 561 Days
• Field of Search: 180/8.1, 180/8.3, 180/8.4, 180/8.6, 180/315
• US Class Current: 180/8.3
• CPC Class Codes: B62D 57/00 Vehicles characterised by having other propulsion or other ground- engaging means than wheels or endless track, alone or in addition to wheels or endless track sledges B62B; motor sledges B62M

Abstract

The present invention creates a cross-country vehicle that is characterized by the combination of two hydraulically operated leg units at the front of the vehicle with two wheels at the rear of the vehicle, it being possible to adjust the height of these wheels, which are supported on longitudinal arms, hydraulically. Motion of the vehicle is effected by appropriate movements made by means of hand levers and amplifiers. An on-board computer automatically provides for a constant and near horizontal position of the vehicle cab and constantly carries out calculations to ensure that when one leg is raised the position of the center of gravity is at that moment within the three support points. The decisive point of the invention lies in the fact that the advantages of leg units are combined with the advantages of wheels. The command of the leg elements is greatly simplified since there are only two such units. The vehicle is well suited as a vehicle platform for various machinery used in forestry, by virtue of its cross-country capability.

Claims

1. A cross-country vehicle for step-like locomotion across terrain, with an on-board power supply that provides the power necessary for control and movement of said vehicle, as well as for working equipment mounted on said vehicle, said vehicle comprising:

a frame (1);

two wheels (6, 6'"'"') attached to a rear portion of said frame (1) by means of pivotable swing arms (5, 5'"'"'), the position of each said wheel (6, 6'"'"') being adjustable by means of at least one drive element (73'"'"') pivoting a corresponding said swing arm, and said wheels (6, 6'"'"') being non-driven and lockable;

two individually powered leg units (4, 4'"'"'), attached to a front portion of said frame (1), each of said leg units (4, 4'"'"') having at least three degrees of freedom of movement and being activated by means of a plurality, of drive elements (70, 71, 72, 70'"'"', 71'"'"', 72'"'"'), a foot (45, 45'"'"') pivotally connected to the outer end of each of said leg units (4, 4'"'"'), said drive elements capable of lifting said foot (45, 45'"'"') from said terrain, moving said foot (45, 45'"'"') over said terrain without said foot touching said terrain, and again touching said foot (45, 45'"'"') to said terrain whereby such movement of said foot (45, 45'"'"') propels said vehicle relative to said terrain in the desired direction of locomotion during a stride phase, said leg units (4, 4'"'"') activating the movements of said feet (45, 45'"'"') relative to said frame (1) and relative to said terrain;

a computer aided manual control means for controlling said movement of said leg units (4, 4'"'"') with proportional movement- and power-amplifier systems in communication with said control means and said leg units (4, 4'"'"'); and

an on-board computer (COMP) providing at least the following functions;

(a) controlling of individual adjustments of said wheels (6, 6'"'"') to maintain the positional stability of said vehicle;

(b) locking of the movement of at least one of said leg units (4, 4'"'"') until a stable vehicle position with a specific ground pressure is achieved;

(c) performing a vehicle stability calculation on the basis of a three point support position, namely, analysis, of the specific pressure of said wheels (6, 6'"'"') and of said leg units (4, 4'"'"'), to determine movement of the other said leg unit; and

(d) executing different vehicle gaits resulting in at least one pattern of vehicle movement based on at least one preset control program.

2. A vehicle according to claim 1 wherein said front and rear portions of said frame (1) are pivotable about a horizontal shaft (11), and additional drive elements (74) are provided for adjustment of said front and rear portions of said frame (1) with respect to one another.

3. A vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that each said leg unit (4, 4'"'"') comprises an upper arm (40, 40'"'"') pivotably attached to said frame (1) by means of a horizontal shaft (41, 41'"'"') and a vertical shaft (42, 42'"'"') which provide pivoting of said upper arms (40, 40'"'"') around a vertical axis and around a horizontal axis, and a lower arm (43, 43'"'"') articulated to the end of said upper arm (40, 40'"'"'), that is pivotable around at least a horizontal shaft (44, 44'"'"') which provides pivoting of said lower arms (43, 43'"'"') around at least a horizontal axis.

4. A vehicle according to claim 3 wherein said foot (45) is attached to each said lower arm (43, 43'"'"') at the ends opposite their attachment to said upper arms (40, 40'"'"').

5. A vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that said lower arms (46, 46'"'"') of said leg units (4, 4'"'"') have an extendable section (47, 47'"'"') attached at the ends opposite their attachment to said upper arms (40, 40'"'"').

6. A cross-country vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that said frame (1) is pivotably attached to said swing arms (5, 5'"'"') about an axis parallel to the wheel axes.

7. A cross-country vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that a driver'"'"'s seat (8) is mounted on said frame (1), and said control means for controlling movement of each said leg unit (4, 4'"'"') comprises a lower arm support (81) pivotably mounted at the side of said driver'"'"'s seat, said lower arm support (81) adjustable about a rear joint (82) having a horizontal axis aligned with the elbow axis, and a pivotable handle (84) mounted at the front of said lower arm support (81), said handle (84) pivotable about a second horizontal joint pin (85), a rotational-angle signal transmitter in communication with said lower arm support (81) providing movement of said leg unit (4, 4'"'"'), and a rotational angle signal transmitter in communication with said handle (84) providing movement of said, lower arm (43, 43'"'"') of said leg unit (4, 4'"'"').

8. A vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that switch means (86) is installed in each said handle (84) providing for the side to side pivoting of each said leg unit (4, 4'"'"').

9. A vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that said lower arm support (81) comprises a joint having a vertical axis and a rotational angle signal transmitter (83'"'"') providing side to side pivoting of each said leg unit (4, 4'"'"').

10. A vehicle according to claim, 3, characterized in that said swing arms (5, 5'"'"') are pivotably attached to said frame (1) by means for shaft (51), and positional feedback elements for measuring ang relaying the current position angles of saig swing arms (5, 5'"'"') and said leg unit (4, 4'"'"') are provided at said shafts (41, 42, 44, 51).

11. A vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that said swing arms (5, 5'"'"') are pivotably attached to said frame (1) by means of shaft (51), said drive elements (70-73) effect movement of said swing arms (5, 5'"'"') and said leg units (4, 4'"'"') about said shafts (41, 42, 44, 51), and positional feedback elements for measuring and relaying the current positional angles of said swing arms (5, 5'"'"') and said leg units (4, 4'"'"') are arranged on said drive elements (70-73).

12. A vehicle according to claim 11, characterized in that said drive elements comprise hydraulic cylinders (70-73), and said positional feedback elements comprise integrated length measurement means.

13. A vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that said drive elements comprise hydraulic cylinders (70-73), and said on-board power supply comprises at least one hydraulic system with a pressure reservoir (HS), a supply tank (VT), and a pump (P) driven by an internal combustion engine (M).

14. A vehicle according to claim 15, characterized in that said control means, through said on-board computer (COMP), are in communication with two contactless, oil-damped pendulum-type potentiometers (O, L).

15. A vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that at least said swing arms (5, 5'"'"') attached to said wheels (6, 6'"'"') are operable in synchrony with said leg units (4, 4'"'"') when said leg units (4, 4'"'"') are locked.

16. A vehicle according to claim 7 wherein said lower arm support (81) is mounted on an axially adjustable column support (83).

17. A vehicle according to claim 13 wherein said on-board power supply comprises a generator (G) charged by said internal combustion engine (M), and a battery (BATT) providing power to said on-board computer (COMP).

18. A vehicle according to claim 17 wherein said leg units (4, 4'"'"') and said swing arms (5, 5'"'"') are controlled by hydraulic drive elements (70-73), and additionally comprising a serve-electronic system (SE) in communication with said on-board computer (COMP) and a plurality of proportional metering valves (PV) in communication with said servo-electronic system (SE) and said hydraulic drive elements (70-73).

19. A cross-county vehicle for step-like locomotion across terrain, with an on-board power supply that provides the power necessary for control and movement of said vehicle, as well as for working equipment mounted on said vehicle, said vehicle comprising:

(1);

two runners attached to a rear portion of said frame (1) by means of pivotable swing arms (5, 5'"'"'), the position of each said runner being adjustable by means of at least one drive element (73'"'"') pivoting a corresponding said swing arm, two individually powered leg units (4, 4'"'"') attached to a front portion of said frame (1), each of said leg units (4, 4'"'"') having three degrees of freedom of movement and being activated by means of a plurality of drive elements (70, 71, 72, 70'"'"', 71'"'"', 72'"'"'), a foot (45, 45'"'"') pivotally connected to the outer end of each of said leg units (4, 4'"'"') said drive elements capable of lifting said foot (45, 45'"'"') from said terrain, moving said foot (45, 45'"'"') over said terrain without said foot touching said terrain, and again touching said foot (45, 45'"'"') to said terrain whereby such movement of said foot (45, 45'"'"') propels said vehicle relative to said terrain in the desired direction of locomotion during a stride phase, said leg units (4, 4'"'"') activating the movements of said feet (45, 45'"'"') relative to said frame (1) and relative to said terrain, a computer aided manual control means for controlling said movement of said leg unit (4, 4'"'"') with proportional movement- and power-amplifier systems in communication with said control means and said leg unit (4, 4'"'"'); and

an on-board computer (COMP) that provides at least the following functions;

(a) controlling on individual adjustments of said runners to maintain the positional stability of said vehicle;

(b) locking of the movement of at least one of said leg units (4, 4'"'"') until a stable vehicle position with a specific ground pressure is achieved;

(c) performing a vehicle stability calculation on the basis of the current three point support, namely the specific pressure of said runners and of said leg units (4, 4'"'"'), to determine movement of the other said leg unit;

(d) executing different vehicle gaits resulting in at least one pattern of vehicle movement based on at least one preset control program.

20. A vehicle according to claim 19 wherein said front and rear portions of said frame (1) are pivotable about a horizontal shaft (11), and additional drive elements (74) are provided for adjustment of said front and rear portions of said frame (1) with respect to one another.