Digital signal synthesizer

• US 4,782,324 A
• Filed: 05/06/1987
• Issued: 11/01/1988
• Est. Priority Date: 05/06/1987
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Genrad Incorporated (Teradyne Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: Genrad Incorporated (Teradyne Incorporated)
• Inventors: Underwood, Marcos A.
• Primary Examiner(s): NOT, DEFINED
• Assistant Examiner(s): Blum, Richard K.
• Application Number:
  US07/047,203
• Time in Patent Office: 545 Days
• Field of Search: 340/347 AD, 364/723, 364/724
• US Class Current: 341/147
• CPC Class Codes: G06J 1/00 Hybrid computing arrangements digitally-programmed analogue computers G06G7/06
• CPC Class Codes: H03H 17/0252 Elliptic filters
• CPC Class Codes: H03H 17/0277 comprising recursive filters
• CPC Class Codes: H03H 17/0444 where the output-delivery frequency is higher than the input sampling frequency, i.e. interpolation
• CPC Class Codes: H03M 1/661 Improving the reconstruction of the analogue output signal beyond the resolution of the digital input signal, e.g. by interpolation, by curve-fitting, by smoothing

Abstract

A method and apparatus for converting a digital signal into a band-limited analog signal with variable bandwidths, a high level of performance, high spurious frequency rejection, and simple implementation, employing polyphase interpolating digital filters, a fixed-sampling rate digital to analog converter, and a fixed-frequency analog low-pass filter.

Claims

1. An apparatus for synthesizing a designated waveform having a range of frequencies the upper end of which is selectable up to an analysis frequency, wherein the waveform is synthesized from a digital representation of a base level signal sampled at a predetermined sample rate and further wherein each of the samples is taken with a predetermined resolution, comprising

means operating at the predetermined resolution and at a fixed conversion rate for converting a digital representation of a signal, presented at the conversion rate, into analog form;

digital filter means for interpolating the digital representation of the base level signal to have an interpolated sample rate corresponding to the conversion rate without modifying the resolution of the samples and simultaneously achieving flat pass band ripple and high stop band attenuation, wherein the interpolated digital representation of the base level signal is supplied directly to the converting means for conversion into analog form; and

filter means, having a cutoff frequency which is fixed at a frequency corresponding to the analysis frequency and coupled to the converting means, for suppressing frequencies above the analysis frequency.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the range of signals include frequencies no greater than the upper end of the range of signals, and further wherein the digital filter means implement an elliptic filter having a cutoff frequency at the upper end of the range of signals.

3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the elliptic filter implementation interpolates by a primary interpolation factor determined by dividing the conversion frequency by the predetermined sample rate.

4. The apparatus of claim 3 wherein the elliptic filter implementation comprises

a cascaded plurality of digital elliptic filters, each interpolating by a designated interpolation factor, wherein the product of the designated interpolation factors of the cascaded digital elliptic filters equals the primary interpolation factor, and further wherein each of the cascaded plurality of digital elliptic filters are simple interpolator sections having similar pass band/stop band transition characteristics.

5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein each of the cascaded plurality of digital elliptic filters has the same transition ratio.

6. The apparatus of claims 3, 4, or 5, wherein each digital elliptic filter has a transfer function which can be expressed in z-transform form as having poles and zeros and comprises

a first section implementing all of the zeros of the transfer function comprising a polyphase implementation of a finite impulse response form having a plurality of parallel signal paths, and further wherein each path implements a selected non overlapping subset of the finite impulse response form coefficients, where the coefficients are a function of the zeros of the filter transfer function;

and

a second section, cascaded with the first section, implementing all of the poles of the transfer function.

7. The apparatus of claim 6 wherein the second section is implemented in an infinite impulse response form.

8. The apparatus of claim 6 wherein each non overlapping subset of finite impulse response coefficients comprise the finite impulse response coefficients that represent active paths of the filter transfer function at a particular point in time.

9. The apparatus of claim 1 further including memory means for storing the digital representation of the base level signal.

10. The apparatus of claim 9 wherein the memory means is a dedicated memory.

11. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the digital filter means comprises a general purpose digital signal processor implementing a predetermined digital filter form.

12. The apparatus of claim 11 wherein the general purpose digital signal processor implements the predetermined digital filter form by executing a set of instructions stored in a loadable program memory.

13. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the signals being synthesized are aperiodic.

14. The apparatus of claim 4 wherein the designated interpolation factor of each of the cascaded plurality of digital elliptic filters is either two, four or five.

15. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the conversion rate is 2.56 times the analysis rate.

16. An apparatus for synthesizing a designated signal having a range of frequencies the upper end of which is selectable up to an analysis frequency, comprising

dedicated memory means for storing a digital representation of a base level signal, wherein the digital representation of the base level signal has a predetermined sample rate and each sample has a predetermined sample resolution;

means operating at the predetermined sample resolution and at a fixed conversion rate for converting a digital representation of a signal into analog form;

digital filter means coupled to the dedicated memory means for expanding the sample rate of the digital representation of the base level signal up to the conversion rate and for supplying the expanded digital representation of the base level signal directly to the converting means, wherein the amount of expansion is determined by dividing the conversion rate by the upper end of the signal range; and

filter means, having a cutoff frequency which is fixed at a frequency corresponding to the analysis frequency and coupled to the converting means, for suppressing frequencies above the analysis frequency.

17. An interpolating digital filter structure for implementing an elliptic filter function which is expressed in z-transform form as having poles and zeros comprising

a first section implementing all of the zeros of the transfer function comprising a polyphase implementation of a finite impulse response form having a plurality of parallel signal paths, and further wherein each path implements a selected non overlapping subset of the finite impulse response coefficients, where the coefficients are a function of the zeros of the filter transfer function;

and

a second section, cascaded with the first section, implementing all of the poles of the transfer function.

18. The interpolating digital filter of claim 17 wherein the second section is implemented in an infinite impulse response form.

19. An interpolating digital filter which filter interpolates by a designated primary interpolating factor comprising

a cascaded plurality of digital elliptic filters, each interpolating by a designated interpolation factor, wherein the product of the designated interpolation factors of the cascaded digital elliptic filters equals the primary interpolation factor, and further wherein each of the cascaded plurality of digital elliptic filters are simple interpolator sections having similar pass band/stop band transition characteristics.

20. The interpolating digital filter of claim 19 wherein each of the plurality of digital elliptic filters implements an elliptic filter function expressed in z-transform form having poles and zeros and comprises

a first section implementing all of the zeros of the transfer function comprising a polyphase implementation of a finite impulse response form having a plurality of parallel signal paths, and further wherein each path implements a selected non overlapping subset of the finite impulse response coefficients, where the coefficients are a function of the zeros of the filter transfer function;

and

a second section, cascaded with the first section, implementing all of the poles of the transfer function.

21. The interpolating digital filter of claim 20 wherein the second section is implemented in an infinite impulse response form.

22. The apparatus of claim 20 wherein each non overlapping subset of finite impulse response coefficients comprise the finite impulse response coefficients that represent active paths of the filter transfer function at a particular point in time.