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Immobilized electrochemical cell devices and methods of manufacture

  • US 4,783,250 A
  • Filed: 02/12/1987
  • Issued: 11/08/1988
  • Est. Priority Date: 08/21/1979
  • Status: Expired due to Fees
First Claim
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1. An immobilized electrochemical cell characterized in that the cell requires no self-contained electrolytic substance for ionization, the cell comprising:

  • a microelectrode having a cross-section diameter of less than about twenty-five (25) microns;

    a reference electrode positioned less than about three (3) millimeters from the microelectrode; and

    an insulative material positioned between the microelectrode and the reference electrode so as to maintain the electrodes a substantially fixed distance apart, the insulative material being dielectric but capable of ambient ion flow at the surface thereof for forming a charged layer of ions adjacent the microelectrode when a potential difference is applied between the microelectrode and the reference electrode, wherein a high magnitude electric field is created adjacent the microelectrode in the presence of minimal ambient ions, enabling electrochemical analysis in gaseous, liquid and solid environments.

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