High efficiency mode matched solid state laser with transverse pumping

• US 4,785,459 A
• Filed: 09/30/1987
• Issued: 11/15/1988
• Est. Priority Date: 05/01/1985
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Spectra-Physics Incorporated (MKS Instruments Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: Spectra-Physics Incorporated (MKS Instruments Incorporated)
• Inventors: Baer, Thomas M.
• Primary Examiner(s): Scott, Jr., Leon
• Application Number:
  US07/103,557
• Time in Patent Office: 412 Days
• Field of Search: 378/75, 378/34, 378/101, 378/92, 378/70, 378/71, 378/69, 378/98, 378/108
• US Class Current: 372/75
• CPC Class Codes: H01S 3/08 Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof
• CPC Class Codes: H01S 3/0941 of a laser diode
• CPC Class Codes: H01S 3/109 Frequency multiplication, e.g. harmonic generation

Abstract

A high efficiency pumping scheme mode matches the TEMOO laser mode volume with a plurality of linearly spaced laser diode pumping sources positioned along a lateral side of a block of laser material. The cavity resonator within the block is configured in a tightly folded zig-zag configuration. Pump radiation from the diode pumping sources is collimated by an optical fiber and the fold angle is selected to mode match the pump radiation to the mode volume.

Claims

1. A mode matched diode pumped solid state laser, comprising:

a block of laser material having a pair of opposed sides;

cavity forming means positioned around the block to define a laser cavity having a tightly folded zig-zag resonator portion within the block between the opposed sides at a preselected fold angle;

a plurality of linearly spaced laser diode pumping sources positioned adjacent to one of the opposed sides and substantially aligned with the zig-zag portion of the resonator;

the fold angle being selected to substantially match the mode volume with pump radiation from the pump sources.

2. The laser of claim 1 wherein the cavity forming means comprise a highly reflective mirror and a partially transmissive output coupler mirror, and a highly reflective coating along a portion of the opposed sides.

3. The laser of claim 1 wherein the laser diode pumping source is a laser diode bar containing a plurality of separate laser diode arrays.

4. The laser of claim 1 wherein a cylindrical collimating means is mounted between the block and laser diode pumping sources to collimate pump radiation to substantially mode match with a mode volume within the laser cavity, the cylindrical collimation means is an optical fiber.

5. The laser of claim 1 wherein the mode volume is TEMOO.

6. The laser of claim 1 wherein the laser material is Nd:

YAG.

7. The laser of claim 1 further including a frequency doubler positioned in the cavity.

8. The laser of claim 1 further including a Q-switch positioned within the cavity.

9. The laser of claim 1 further including precision spacing means for holding the fiber in a precise spaced relationship to the pump sources.

10. The laser of claim 1 wherein the block is about 5 mm wide, the mode volume is about 300 microns in diameter, and the fold angle is about 5°

.

11. The laser of claim 9 wherein the pumping sources is a laser diode bar of 1 cm length containing ten 1W diode arrays, each 200 microns wide.

12. A method of efficiently puming a solid state laser by means of a plurality of linearly spaced laser diode pumping sources, comprising:

forming a block of laser material with two opposed sides;

forming a laser cavity having a tightly folded zig-zag resonator portion within the block between the opposed sides at a preselected fold angle;

positioning the pumping sources adjacent one of the opposed sides substantially aligned with the zig-zag resonator portion;

selecting the fold angle to substantially match the mode volume with pump radiation from the pump sources.

13. The method of claim 12 including forming the pump sources of a laser diode bar containing a plurality of separate laser diode arrays.

14. The method of claim 12 including collimating the pump radiation by an optical fiber.

15. The method of claim 12 including matching the pump radiation to the TEMOO mode volume.

16. The method of claim 12 further including frequency doubling the laser output.

17. The method of claim 12 further including Q-switching the laser.

18. A collimated laser diode bar, comprising:

a laser diode bar having a plurality of separate laser diode arrays spaced thereon;

an optical fiber;

precision spacing means for holding the fiber in a precision spaced relationship to the diode bar with the diode arrays at its focus to substantially collimate the outputs of the diode arrays.

19. The collimated laser diode bar of claim 18 wherein the precision spacing means holds the fiber at a distance between about 20 to 40 microns along the length of the diode bar.

20. The collimated laser diode bar of claim 18 wherein the precision spacing means is a multi-step heat sink.